• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.13-23
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• 2004

To date, Italian fashion rans the top even its rise is far behind Paris and New York. The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the aesthetic characteristics of the italian fashion through two representative designers who contributed to italian fashion. Italy had unique industrial system and craftsmanship from the history and sense of the beauty and the uniqueness from the culture. After the World War II, Italy started to produce elegant sportswears influenced by the progressive manufacturing techniques and practical culture of America. Italian fashion of 'easy elegance' is spearheaded by Vesace and Armani. The aesthetic characteristics of Italian fashion which are shown in the artworks of them are as follows. First, the characteristics of Versace dated from southern sensibility are sensualism, expressionism, historicism. 1) Sensualism: tight silhouette, overexposure, glamorous form, brilliant color, fabric showing femininity, gaudy accessaries 2) Expressionism: brilliant print and color, trimmings and accessaries 3) Historicism: form and motifs that are shown in the historical costume Second, the characteristics of Armani succeeded from northern tailoring are purism, functionalism, and multi-culturism. 1) Purism: clean lines, architectural and geometric forms, natural body line, neutral tones, luxurious fabric 2) Functionalism: functional form, neutral tone, natural fabrics 3) Multi-culturism: design and motif inferred from ethnic costume As such. competition between two different groups made it possible that Italian fashion occupies a special place in the international fashion system.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.14-31
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• 2007

The Vivienne Westwood's design is divided into four eras : The 'Punk and Ethnic Style' era, The 'Feminine Style' era, The 'Eclectic Style' era and The 'Retrospective Style' era. The aesthetic characteristics of Vivienne Westwood's design vastly divided into Parody and the Punk Couture. Westwood's parody is exprssed by british materials, that is traditional British tailoring, dressmaking techniques, traditional british fabrics and her debt to the past. Also Westwood has presented the special characteristics of Punk Couture showing Punk-Style clothes by applying Couture sense to her own Pret a Porter Collection. She pursued newness breaking the conventional aesthetic consciousness through her cutting, mix and match of fabrics and cordy of punk details. Westwood pursued new aesthetics by deconstruction and destruction regulated existing ideas that had been systematized, conventionalized and standardized by history and culture. She had shown pluralistic fashion through her design that exactly reflected characteristics of the modern society demanding variety.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.820-833
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• 2009

Multiculturalism in education are different from each countries, It is needed to practice multicultural education in many fields facing changes to multicultural society in Korea. This study demonstrates on the relationship of social friendliness and stereotypical attitudes toward Saeteomins (North Korean refugees) to the knowledge of North Korea. Saeteomins are special in the respect of linguistic and ethnic homogeneity of Korea. They have to adapt themselves to new circumstances like other immigrants from abroad. At the same time they have cultural senses of difference to live in a divided country in spite of ethnic homogeneity. It is important to get openminded attitudes to be receptive to cultural diversity in the respect of getting multicultural sensitivity. On account of a growing migration of Saeteomins family, Saeteomin students have difficulties in adapting to Korean society. This study focuses on the point of middle school (general) students' view to Saeteomin students, who have experiences to meet each other. There are three categories of contents knowledge, common sense of North Korea and social issues related to North Korea in this paper. All of them are significant to social friendliness and stereotypical attitudes toward Saeteomins to the knowledge of North Korea. That is important point to contents construction in curriculum about North Korea. This study is meaningful to find the potential to link contents knowledge of subject to multicultural education practice in the process of curriculum change especially in relation to the knowledge of North Korea in 2007.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.146-160
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• 2009

Recent studies on development are increasingly focusing on analyzing development discourse and de constructing its institutionalization process in the nation-state. By pushing up the limit of the research on development, these studies particularly emphasize how development is articulated with the nation-state, its governmentality, and various representations. These studies overall consider development a powerful discourse, which invents under-development, mobilizes resources for changing particular space, and institutionalizes modem systems of socio-spatial control at a local scale. In this sense, it is particularly interesting to look at how the nation-state, faced with the deterritorialization of labor and capital, reterritorializes overseas resources and networks for the purpose of development. By problematizing the Overseas Koreans Foundation as a transnational state apparatus, this paper interrogates the way in which its institutionalized practices conjure up the national imagination, ethnic solidarity, and collective allegiance to the homeland in diaspora communities. This paper conclusively reports that the state apparatus circulates the discourse of transnational nationalism in Korean diaspora so as to appropriate their resources and networks for securing foreign currencies and investment in the homeland.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.15-37
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to develop a faceted classification that enables the conceptualization and the organization of Korean food information. 23,470 terms were collected, categorized, and analyzed from the table of contents in 776 monographs and directory headings in portal sites related to Korean food. In order to develop the Korean food classification, common properties were analyzed in the process of categorizing terms. Then basic facets and subfacets were defined and assigned, and hierarchies among facets and concepts, citation orders, and notations were decided. As a result, the classification scheme consisted of 16 basic facets and 85 subfacets. The citation order of facets was proposed in order of Personality facet (kinds of dishes), Matter facet (materials, cooking utensils/equipment/containers, and nutrients), Energy facet (cooking processes and techniques, eating sense, type of cooking, table services, and agents of cooking), Space facet (countries/ethnic groups/geography, and eating places), Time facet (situation/purposes, season, time of meals, periods, and ages). The result of this study will be used for organizing, searching, retrieving, and providing Korean food information effectively around the world. Also, it will provide a foundation for developing subject-oriented classification using facet analysis in other disciplines.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.902-915
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• 2007

This study examines decorative features found in the traditional costume of the Miao, one of the minority groups in China, and adapts them for the development of modern Korean-style fashion designs in order to present visual sample data and to introduce techniques. As for the research method, both literature and visual data are examined: the former includes Miao-related books and theses; the latter, pictures from various documents and real-life data in the possession of Seoul Women's University. The study result is as follows: 1. The basic structure of Miao costume is consist of a Caftan-type upper garment and an accentuated lower garment, pleats skirt although they are decorated luxuriously with various techniques such as delicate embroidery and dyeing. 2. Details and trimmings in modern shapes are developed and presented by adding modern materials to satin, twists, cross-stitch embroidery, stripe patterns, geometrical patchwork, machine pleats and smoking, trimmings of fringe & feather, and the border line decoration of coloration, braids, piping, embroidery, belts tied and wound with colorful threads. 3. Detachable accessaries such as front reinforcement strips, back reinforcement strips, belts, decorative aprons and patchwork skirts are developed and designed by adapting highlighted layered effects. 4. The silver decoration used as an necessary by the Miao is suitable for modern fashion design in futuristic sense. Various techniques and decorative features of Miao costume display their true value all the more in modern fashion stream in which ethnic trends draw much attention.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.67-81
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• 2009

The culture of each era make their own art, and it is certain a sense of beauty is changed according to a flow of era. We can find an unique beauty in the traditional culture of one era. And it is formed by the local and climatically influences according to their own ethnic character. Furthermore, an unique beauty is became an important element in forming the culture. That is, it is the universality in general. What is important is to develop of one's tradition on the background of the past for the future. This study is focused on the personal ornaments of women's Gache among the Cyubang culture in Chosun era. Throughout the study of clothing design that applies various decorative elements like an ornamental hairpin, a chignon ornament, and ttoljam among the women's Gache, this study is proposed to internationalize of clothing design utilizing the Korean specific character. The concepts of this study are as follows : First, grasp a definition and notion about Gyubang Culture of Chosun Era. Second, consider the definition of ornamental culture and the specific characters and kinds of women's ornaments. Third, analyze the trend and examples in the modern fashion applying women's ornaments. The method of this study included national science and literature, fashion magazines, newspapers, internet, and the research of like materials, with the intent to set a foundation for understanding ornamental design. Throughout these backgrounds, I try to develop and make six modern clothing design that applies women's Gache.

• Strategy21
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• s.42
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• pp.293-317
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• 2017

A series of immoral conducts are repeatedly occurring by some commanders and high-ranking officers in the ROK navy. They are seriously compromising not only harmony and solidarity of the organization, but also pride and morale of members of the service. They seem to be results of the fragile ethical background of the service as well as of failures in military education and training on ethics. This paper sees backgrounds of weak ethical foundations of the navy as follows: the enduring legacies of cultural factors, such as the toxic military culture of the Japanese colonization, dark side of mariners' traditions, the sea-aversive Confucian culture, and unique characteristics in any small organization or society, etc... This paper also suggests the current ethnic systems of the navy are primarily based on responsive measures against misdeeds, rather than fundamental prescriptions for immoral behaviors, in the absence of ethical instrument for warriors. The paper also emphasizes the importance of developing character-based leadership, founded on, above all, respects for human integrity and strong sense of honor. Moreover, the importance of accountability in charging the command, as advocated by the US navy, is also stressed in order to establish a more robust ethic ground within the navy. Based on these analyses, the author proposes that in order to become a stronger and healthier fighting force, the navy needs to make continuous command efforts and organizational innovations to improve ethic principle and moral standard of the service, to strengthen ethics of naval leaders by a robust system of ethical education and training programs, and ultimately to solidify a navy culture in which moral passions and energies are spreading over.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2008

This research examines individual attitudes toward immigration and the determinants of these attitudes in Korea, Taiwan, and Japan. Using 2003 National Identity module from ISSP data, descriptive statistics showed that Taiwan seems to be the most opposed to immigration, Japan in the middle, and Korea the least opposed. Despite being the least opposed to immigration, Koreans agreed most strongly with having a homogeneous sense of ethnic identity. In addition, Korean respondents saw immigrants are being good for the national economy, but not for cultural diversity. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age is negatively associated with the individual's attitude toward immigrants in Korea, Taiwan, and Japan. Effects of educational attainment is only significant in Taiwan. Manual worker and others, and those who work in farming, mining, and fishing tend to have negative attitudes toward increases in number of immigrants. Also, individual's values toward immigrants/immigration are related to the individual's attitude toward increases in number of immigrants in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.19
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• pp.29-40
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• 1992

The aesthetic of traditional Korean costume has been used as one of the design themes in the field of Korean contemporary fashion design for western style clothing. Using the Korean aesthetic comes from the idea that such ethnic beauty could gain an international reputation. The beauty of the Korean costume is rooted in the particular aesthetic consciousness of the Korean people : the aesthetics of nature, personality, the evil's eye. and tradition. From an artistic viewpoint, the formative elements are analyzed into the following categories: form including line and shape, color, pattern, materials and ornaments. The aesthetic elements of the costume are transformed into present fashion design through the formative elements of the fashion ; form including line, color, pattern, materials and ornamentation. To express Korean atmosphere, adapting traditional elements such as, needle cases, hinges of furnitures, closing function of big gate are active, As a conclusion, the actual fashion design of adapting Korean beauty are so confined to the original form of Korean Dress that the results of design are tend towards ethnocentric atmosphere. Therefore, to understand and express traditional Korean beauty in contemporary fashion design, one has to keep in mind the aesthetic of the traditional Korean costume. Then one must develop and pursue one's own methods of adapting Korean beauty. The sophistication and refinement of fashion design could be accomplished only through the deep appreciation of the Korean culture. The second, the sense of International perspective is needed to be understanded and obtaining public sympathy from an international society. The third, Critics and scholars are the most concerned with promoting Korean fashion at an international level. Korean fashion at an international level. Korean fashion design will only mature with the support of scholars and the theoretical understanding they bring with them. The last, public support including government level is needed to enhence the standand of Korea fashion today.