• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.25-42
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of wives' economic contributions and sex-role attitudes on couples' decision-making for use in family education and to improve stable couple relationships. This study targeted 286 married women who have a child or children. The main results of this study indicate that almost half of the participants showed that their couple decision-making, economic resource contributions and sex-role attitudes were husband-dominated. Additionally, the participants' most modern sex-role attitudes were toward gender stereotypes, though the most conservative attitudes were toward women and men's household lives. The variables that distinguished between husband-dominated and equality couples were age, education level, spouse's average income and resource evaluation; related, age, education level, spouse's average income, contribution toward household management and the occupational life of the woman were the variables that distinguished between husband-dominated and wife-dominated couples. This study also revealed the variables that affect couples' decision- making, demonstrating the necessity of considering several variables in the approach to the decision-making process of individual couples.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.31-55
• /
• 2008

Human capital theory and social capital theory provide a framework for analyzing economic well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of human capital and social capital on the economic well-being of the elderly. The data from the 1st wave of KLoSA (Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging) were used (n=3,426). The major findings were as follows: First, human capital and social capital are both resources that can contribute to increasing the economic well-being of the elderly. Second, the effects of human capital on the economic well-being of the elderly were relatively higher than the effects of social capital. Third, the relative contributions of human capital and social capital to increasing economic well-being varied by sex, age, and region. Based on the empirical results, the implications for social investment in human capital and social capital were provided.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2022

The first purpose of this paper was to investigate whether wives' income contributions affect the time spent on housework by dual-earner couples. The second purpose was to investigate period interaction effects on the effect of wives' income contributions. For this, Korean Time Use Survey data 2004-2019 was analyzed. The analysis target was dual-earner couple aged 20-59 years. The dependent variable was time spent on housework, and the analysis method was tobit regression. According to the results, there were three findings: First, there was a U-shaped relation between wives' income contributions and wives' housework time. Second, this relationship became stronger as time progressed. Third, although wives' income contributions positively affected husband housework time, husband housework time was actually zero before 2019. These results demonstrated that not economic perspective, but gender perspective, is more useful for understanding dual-earner couples' division of housework.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.569-589
• /
• 2001

We examine historical contributions of inter fuel substitution, changes in carbon efficiency and energy intensity, growth of economy and population to Korea's $CO_2$ emissions from 1970 to 1998 using the log mean weight Divisia index method. The study reveals that economic growth is the most significant factor to $CO_2$ emissions growth among the five factors. Changes in the fuel substitution and carbon coefficient are found negative contributors to $CO_2$ emissions growth. Energy intensity, which played dominant role in halting $CO_2$ emissions growth in the 1980s, began to play reversed role in the 1990s. When evaluated with the log mean Divisia index technique, deterioration of energy intensity in the 1990s is found worse and expected to contribute $CO_2$ emissions growth further.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.515-529
• /
• 2003

This theoretical model makes three contributions to the study on economic growth and environment. First, emissions are generated during final goods production and technology accumulation. Second, this paper assumes that pollution is directly increasing with increase in final goods output or in consumption. Third, we use reproducible factors associated with labor and capital input in production function and assume constant return to scale in reproducible factors. From growth rate condition we derived, increases in reproducible factors, increases in productivity of either the abatment or technology sector, and decrease in social discount rate would increase the sustainable growth rate. In empirical test, the environmental degradation did not effect the economic growth rate though other factors satisfied the growth rate condition equation. However, through the reinterpretation of this result, we found indirectly the fact of that an inverted U relationship between air pollution and economic growth rate would exist in 20 OECD countries using a panel data for the period of 1986~1995.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.10
• /
• pp.201-210
• /
• 2020

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the industrial growth and the effect on government tax potential of the South Sulawesi Province. The growth of the tax object affects government tax potential of South Sulawesi Province. Environmental resources affect government tax potential of the province. The study used multiple linear regressions on primary data. The population consisted of all officers and staff involved in regional work units. Revenue Service area in South Sulawesi Province counts 630 employees. The sampling method is purposive sampling random carried out based on specific objectives. The respondent qualifications are taken from the Technical Implementation Unit Office and the Department of Revenue. The number of respondents is 96 from the Head of UPTD and three of them are related with tax Section Chief Officer. The results showed that industrial growth has a significant and positive effect on the potential increase in tax of South Sulawesi. Growth in tax object significantly affects the potential increasing tax of South Sulawesi. Environmental resources significantly affect the potential Increase in tax. Practical recommendations for local government is to enhance tax potential, reduce bureaucracy in industrial licensing, and facilitate local farmers to get involved in economic contributions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.7
• /
• pp.927-932
• /
• 2018

The demand for beef as a protein source is increasing worldwide, although in most countries beef accounts for considerably less than half of total meat consumption. Beef also provides a highly desirable eating experience in developed countries and, increasingly, in developing countries. The sustainability of beef production has different meanings in the various geographical and socio-economic regions of the world. Natural resources including land mass and uses, rainfall and access to livestock feed, and the robustness of the economy are major determinants of the perception of beef sustainability. In this overview of the 2016 International Symposium on "Future Beef in Asia" and this subsequent Special Edition of the Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences on "Current Situation and Future Prospects for Global Beef Production", the contributions have been grouped into the following categories: Countries in Southeast Asia; Europe; and Countries producing highly marbled beef for export and/or domestic consumption. They also include reference to Special Topics including marbled beef production, and use of "omics" technologies to enhance beef quality assurance. Among these broad categories, notable differences exist across countries in the production and marketing of beef. These reflect differences in factors including natural resource availability and climate, population size, traditional culture and degree of economic development including industrial and technological developments. We trust that the International Symposium and this Special Edition on Current Situation and Future Prospects for Global Beef Production, the contents of which that are briefly summarized in this paper, will serve as a valuable resource for the livestock industries, researchers and students with an interest in enhancing the prospects for sustainable, efficient beef production that satisfies the growing size and complexity of consumer demands and markets for beef.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.233-241
• /
• 2015

In 2014, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agreed to submit the Intended Nationality Determined Contributions (INDCs) at the conference of parties held in Lima, Peru. Then, the South Korean government submitted the INDCs including GHGs reduction target and reduction potential on July, 2015. The goal of this study is to predict GHGs emission and to analyze reduction potential in agricultural sector of Korea. Activity data to estimate GHGs emission was forecast by Korea Agricultural Simulation Model (KASMO) of Korea Rural Economic Institute and estimate methodology was taken by the IPCC and guideline for MRV (Measurement, Reporting and Verification) of national greenhouse gases statistics of Korea. The predicted GHGs emission of agricultural sectors from 2021 to 2030 tended to decrease due to decline in crop production and its gap was less after 2025. Increasing livestock numbers such as sheep, horses, swine, and ducks did not show signigicant impact the total GHGs emission. On a analysis of the reduction potential, GHGs emission was expected to reduce $253Gg\;CO_{2-eq}$. by 2030 with increase of mid-season water drainage area up to 95% of total rice cultivation area. The GHGs reduction potential with intermittent drainage technology applied to 10% of the tatal paddy field area, mid-drainage and no organic matter would be $92Gg\;CO_{2-eq}$. by 2030.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.55-75
• /
• 1986

This article is to analyse the economic efficiency of capital market, which plays a role of resource allocation in terms of financial claims such as stock and bond. It provides various contributions to the welfare theoretical aspects of modern capital market theory. The key feature that distinguishes the theory described here from traditional welfare theory is the presence of uncertainty. Securities has time dimensions and the state and outcome of the future are really uncertain. This problem resulting from this uncertainty can be solved by complete market, but it has a weak power to explain real stock market. Capital Market is faced with the uncertainity because it is a kind of incomplete market. Individuals and firms in capital market made their consumption-investment decision by their own criteria, i. e. the maximization of expected utility form intertemporal consumption and the maximization of the market value of firm. We noted that allocative decisions that had to be made in the economy could be naturally subdivided into two groups. One set of decisions concerned the allocation of first-period resources among consumption $C_i$, investment in risky firms $I_j$, and riskless investment M. The other decisions concern the distribution among individuals of income available in the second period $Y_i(\theta)$. Corresponing to this grouping, the theoretical analysis of efficiency has also been dichotomized. The optimality of the distribution of output in the second period is distributive efficiency" and the optimality of the allocation of first-period resources is 'the efficiency of investment'. We have found in the distributive efficiency that the conditions for attainability is the same as the conditions for market optimality. The necessary and sufficient conditions for attainability or market optimality is that (1) all utility functions are such that -$\frac{{U_i}^'(Y_i)}{{U_i}^"(Y_i)}={\mu}_i+{\lambda}Y_i$-linear risk tolerance function where the coefficients ${\mu}_i$ and $\lambda$ are independent of $Y_i$, and (2) there are homogeneous expectations, i. e. ${\Large f}_i(\theta)={\Large f}(\theta)$ for every i. On the other hand, the efficiency of investment has disagreement about optimal investment level. The investment level for market rule will not generally lead to Pareto-optimal allocation of investment. This suboptimality is caused by (1)the difference of Diamond's decomposable production function and mean-variance valuation model and (2) the selection of exelusive investment or competitive investment. In conclusion, this article has made an analysis of conditions and processes of Pareto-optimal allocation of resources in capital marker and tried to connect with significant issues in modern finance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.27-40
• /
• 2024

This study empirically derives the factors affecting the practice of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of venture firms in Korea from the perspective of Slack Resource Theory and the company's growth strategy, and provides implications for future expansion of venture firm's CSR activities. In Korea, venture firms have grown into important players in the national economy since the late 1990s through social contributions such as economic value creation, job creation, and technological development. As venture companies grow in status, positive relationships with stakeholders and responsibility for environmental and social values are required. Now, CSR is becoming an important strategic choice for SMEs and venture firms. However, until now, CSR-related academic research has mainly focused on large or listed corporations, and there is not much research on SMEs or venture firms. In particular, research on the factors that lead venture companies to make important business decisions of participating in CSR activities is not there yet. This study applied logistic multiple regression analysis using the '2023 Survey on Venture Firms' conducted by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups. As a result of this study, operating profit, which is an available resources of venture companies, and government support, which is a potential resource, have a positive impact on venture firms's CSR activities. Also, business relationships with large corporations and expectation for future cooperation also have a positive impact on CSR activities as the determinants. On the other hand, it was analyzed that in venture firms where ownership and management are not separated, the higher the CEO's shareholding ratio, the more negatively it affects CSR activities. This study contributes academically as the first empirical study on the determinants of CSR activities of venture firms in Korea and provides implications that government policy support and collaboration between large corporations and venture firms are important in order to expand CSR activities of venture firms.