• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.524-533
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• 2023

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for aging and many diseases, and the disorder of lipid metabolism makes it prominent. This study aims to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on aging, lipid metabolism and stress resistance Methods: Rg1 was administered to Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) cultured in NGM or GNGM. The lifespan, locomotory activity, lipid accumulation, cold and heat stress resistance and related mRNA expression of the worms were examined. Gene knockout mutants were used to clarify the effect on lipid metabolism of Rg1. GFP-binding mutants were used to observe the changes in protein expression Results: We reported that Rg1 reduced lipid accumulation and improved stress resistance in C. elegans. Rg1 significantly reduced the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes and lipid metabolism-related genes in C. elegans. However, Rg1 did not affect the fat storage in fat-5/fat-6 double mutant or nhr-49 mutant. Combined with network pharmacology, we clarified the possible pathways and targets of Rg1 in lipid metabolism. In addition, Rg1-treated C. elegans showed a higher expression of anti-oxidative genes and heat shock proteins, which might contribute to stress resistance Conclusion: Rg1 reduced fat accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism via nhr-49 and enhanced stress resistance by its antioxidant effect in C. elegans.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.2 s.80
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• pp.155-162
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• 2004

An analytical method to predict the time dependent flexural behavior of composite girder is presented based on sectional analysis. The time dependent constitutive relation accounting for the early-age concrete properties including maturing of elastic modulus, creep and shrinkage is derived in an incremental format by the first order Taylor series expansion. The sectional analysis calculates the axial and curvature strains based on the force and moment equilibriums. The deflection curve of the girder approximated by the quadratic polynomial function is calculated by applying to the proper boundary conditions in the consecutive segments. Numerical applications are made for the 3-span double composite steel box girder which is a composite bridge girder filled with concrete at the bottom of the steel box in the negative moment region. The calculated results are compared with those by finite element analysis results. Close agreement is observed between the two approaches.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.643-654
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• 2017

Autophagy is a degradation pathway in eukaryotic cells in which aging proteins and organelles are sequestered into double-membrane vesicles, termed autophagosomes, which fuse with vacuoles to hydrolyze cargo. The key step in autophagy is the formation of autophagosomes, which requires different kinds of vesicles, including COPII vesicles and Atg9-containing vesicles, to transport lipid double-membranes to the phagophore assembly site (PAS). In yeast, the cis-Golgi localized t-SNARE protein Sed5 plays a role in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi and intra-Golgi vesicular transport. We report that during autophagy, sed5-1 mutant cells could not properly transport Atg8 to the PAS, resulting in multiple Atg8 dots being dispersed into the cytoplasm. Some dots were trapped in the Golgi apparatus. Sed5 regulates the anterograde trafficking of Atg9-containing vesicles to the PAS by participating in the localization of Atg23 and Atg27 to the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of SFT1 or SFT2 (suppressor of sed5 ts) rescued the autophagy defects in sed5-1 mutant cells. Our data suggest that Sed5 plays a novel role in autophagy, by regulating the formation of Atg9-containing vesicles in the Golgi apparatus, and the genetic interaction between Sft1/2 and Sed5 is essential for autophagy.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.398-402
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• 2014

Background Non-incisional blepharoplasty is a simple, less invasive method for creating a more natural-appearing double eyelid than classical incisional blepharoplasty. However, in aging patients, non-incisional blepharoplasty is not effective due to more severe blepharochalasis. Traditionally, incisional blepharoplasty is a common surgical method used for older patients, but blepharoplasty in elderly patients typically results in prolonged recovery times, and final blepharoplasty lines may be located in unintended or asymmetrical positions. Here, we introduce a new modified combination technique for geriatric blepharoplasty. Methods A total of ten patients were treated from July 2010 through July 2012 using the combination method. First, we performed non-incisional blepharoplasty using tarsodermal fixation. Then, incisional blepharoplasty with additional elliptical excision of the upper eyelid skin was performed. We removed pretarsal tissue, fat, the orbicularis oculi muscle, and orbital fat. Telephone surveys were administered to all patients for follow-up. The questionnaire was composed of eight questions that addressed recurrence and satisfaction with aesthetics and the procedure. Results A total of nine patients (90%) responded to the telephone survey. All cases of moderate to severe blepharochalasia were corrected and there were no major complications. Patients who underwent blepharoplasty had higher satisfaction scores. All patients were satisfied with the postoperative shapes of their eyelids. Conclusions The advantages of the proposed technique include: ease of obtaining a natural-looking fold with symmetry at the desired point; reproducible methods that require short operation times; fast postoperative recovery that results in a natural-appearing double-eyelid line; and high patient satisfaction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.114-123
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• 2017

The objective of this paper is to investigate problems associated with the storehouse affiliated with rural housing for the elderly engaged in farming activities, and to suggest improvements with the examples of storehouse floor plans. The elderly in rural area still engage in farming even though they are suffering from aging problems. Therefore, the planning of storehouse which has relevance to agriculture is very important. The methods employed were a field survey and interviews with residents. 12 houses belonging to elderly people (60's and over) were selected by the convenient sampling in Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do. The results are as follows. First, at least more than 3 storehouses have to be planned to store the goods separatedly according to their kinds and characteristics. Second, storehouses should be placed near or directly connected with the main house to support the accessibility of the elderly. Third, the open space has to be planned in front of the storehouse to park a truck for loading goods directly. Fourth, the storage equipments such as shelves should be planned inside of the storehouse for the space efficiency and user convenience. Fifth, the width of the door should be wide enough to carry agricultural products and goods. It is recommended to use double hinged doors or double pocket doors. Besides, the thresholds of the doors should be removed and, rather than using direct lighting system, it is better to use indirect lightings and task lightings together to minimize glare and to provide enough illumination.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.81-93
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a model for comprehensively evaluating the risk of sarcopenia in Korean adults and to generate the sarcopenia risk scorecard model based on the results. Methods: The participants of the study were 7,118 adults without sarcopenia in the first basic survey, and a longitudinal analysis was conducted using data from the 1st to 8th survey (2006-2020) of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). The data were analyzed using Rao-Scott chi-square test and weighted Cox proportional hazards regression of complex sampling design. The sarcopenia risk scorecard model was developed by Cox proportional hazards regression using points to double the odds (PDO) method. Results: The findings show that the risk factors for sarcopenia in Korean adults were gender, age, marital status, socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI), regular exercise, diabetes and arthritis diagnosis. In the scorecard results, the case of exposure to the highest risk level was 100 points. The highest score range were given in the order of age over 65, low BMI, and low socioeconomic status. Conclusions: The significance of this study is that the causal relationship between various factors and the occurrence of sarcopenia in Korean adults was identified. Also, the model developed in this study is expected to be useful in detecting participants with risk of sarcopenia in the community early and preventing and managing sarcopenia through appropriate health education.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.883-898
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Probiotics have been suggested as potent modulators of age-related disorders in immunological functions, yet little is known about sex-dependent effects of probiotic supplements. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sex-dependent effects of probiotics on profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, healthy elderly individuals ≥ 65 yrs old were administered probiotic capsules (or placebo) for 12 wk. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. Peripheral immune cells were profiled using flow cytometry for lymphocytes (natural killer, B, CD4⁺ T, and CD8⁺ T cells), dendritic cells, monocytes, and their subpopulations. RESULTS: Compared with placebo, phylum Firmicutes was significantly reduced in the probiotic group in women, but not in men. At the genus level, sex-specific responses included reductions in the relative abundances of pro-inflammatory gut microbes, including Catabacter and unclassified_Coriobacteriales, and Burkholderia and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, in men and women, respectively. Peripheral immune cell profiling analysis revealed that in men, probiotics significantly reduced the proportions of dendritic cells and CD14⁺ CD16^- monocytes; however, these effects were not observed in women. In contrast, the proportion of total CD4⁺ T cells was significantly reduced in women in the probiotic group. Additionally, serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels showed a decreasing tendency that were positively associated with changes in gut bacteria, including Catabacter (ρ = 0.678, P < 0.05) and Burkholderia (ρ = 0.673, P < 0.05) in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of inflammation-related diseases by regulating the profiles of the gut microbiota and peripheral immune cells in healthy elders in a sex-specific manner.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.260-268
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• 2016

Background: During the aging process, skin shows visible changes, characterized by a loss of elasticity and the appearance of wrinkles due to reduced collagen production and decreased elasticity of elastin fibers. Panax ginseng Meyer has been used as a traditional medicine for various diseases due to its wide range of biological activities including skin protective effects. Ginsenosides are the main components responsible for the biological activities of ginseng. However, the protective activities of an enzymatic preparation of red ginseng against human skin aging have not been investigated. Methods: The efficacy of an enzyme-treated powder complex of red ginseng (BG11001) in preventing human skin aging was evaluated by oral administration to 78 randomized individuals. All patients were requested to take three daily capsules containing either 750 mg of BG11001 or a placebo vehicle for 24 wk; at the end of the testing period, skin roughness, elasticity, and skin water content were measured. Results: BG11001 significantly reduced the average roughness of eye wrinkles and the Global Photo Damage Score compared with the placebo, although there were no significant differences in arithmetic roughness average between the groups. In addition, gross elasticity and net elasticity values increased, and transepidermal water loss level decreased, indicating improved skin elasticity and moisture content. Conclusion: In conclusion, enzyme-treated red ginseng extract significantly improved eye wrinkle roughness, skin elasticity, and moisture content. Moreover, enzyme-treated red ginseng extract would be useful substance as a bio-health skin care product.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2010

As Korea is entering an aging society, the number of elderly people who need new denture or who have problems with their existing denture or adjacent tissue is increasing and it will double in 2018. Therefore, denture clinician system will lessen patients financial burden and introduce market economy to the dental prosthesis field. Therefore, Korea needs to adopt denture clinician system as soon as possible as USA or Canada to increase people s accessibility in quality and quantity. Denture clinician will determine the size and shape of denture after performing oral examination, make impression using various materials, fabricate denture, deliver and adjust completed denture to the patient, repair denture, and carry out financial management in the denture fabricating company or manage human resources. Considering denture clinicians services, American and European education system seems to be close to our system. Therefore, in this study, basic curriculums of several countries in Europe and America were reviewed and curriculum that meets Korean situation was suggested.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.914-923
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• 2007

Purpose: This qualitative study aimed to identify the common, lived experiences of grandmothers who cared for their grandchildren as the primary caregivers. Methods: This study was based on the phenomenological method described by Colaizzi (1978). Results: Seven theme clusters emerged from the data as follows: "grandmother caregivers accept the parenting role of the incessant responsibilities and the distrust of non-kin caregivers.", "grandmother caregivers have a double maternal roles; an instrument-oriented maternal role to their own child and relationship-oriented maternal role to their grandchild.", "grandmother caregivers are partially authorized to make decisions in the matters of their grandchild.", "grandmother caregivers suffer a deterioration in their health by an acceleration of the aging process.", "caregiving causes grandmother caregivers to feel a sense of social isolation, and persue various coping strategies to control this feeling.", "grandmother caregivers have a greater feeling of self-esteem, but they often conflict with their adult children if they don't feel appreciated by them.", "grandmother caregivers have limited social support and their health issues are often overlooked in the family context.' Conclusion: The results of this study can guide nurses and health care workers to understand the experiences of grandmother caregivers and to implement individualized nursing interventions suited for them.