• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.316-324
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• 2022

Hair loss causes psychological stress due to its effect on appearance. Therefore, the global market for hair loss treatment products is rapidly growing. The present study demonstrated that ginseng berry-derived and sequence-modified peptides promoted the proliferation rate of dermal papilla (DP) cells and keratinocytes, in addition to having antioxidant properties. Moreover, the potential role of these ginseng berry peptides as TGF-β2 antagonists was confirmed through in silico computer docking. In addition to promoting the growth of ,the ginseng berry-derived peptides also promoted the proliferation of keratinocytes experimental Particularly, an unmodified ginseng berry-derived peptide (GB-1) and two peptides with sequence modifications (GB-2 and GB-3) decreased ROS generation and exhibited a protective effect on damaged HaCaT keratinocytes. Computer-aided peptide discovery was conducted to identify the potential interactions of important proteins with transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), a key protein that plays a crucial role in the human hair growth cycle. Our results demonstrated that MAGH, an amino acid sequence present in herbal supplements and plant-based natural compounds, can inhibit TGF-β2.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.211-219
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• 2021

Alopecia is a distressing condition caused by the dysregulation of anagen, catagen, and telogen in the hair cycle. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) regulate the hair cycle and play important roles in hair growth and regeneration. Myristoleic acid (MA) increases Wnt reporter activity in DPCs. However, the action mechanisms of MA on the stimulation of anagen signaling in DPCs is not known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MA on anagen-activating signaling pathways in DPCs. MA significantly increased DPC proliferation and stimulated the G2/M phase, accompanied by increasing cyclin A, Cdc2, and cyclin B1. To elucidate the mechanism by which MA promotes DPC proliferation, we evaluated the effect of MA on autophagy and intracellular pathways. MA induced autophagosome formation by decreasing the levels of the phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (phospho-mTOR) and increasing autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II (LC3II). MA also increased the phosphorylation levels of Wnt/β-catenin proteins, such as GSK3β (Ser9) and β-catenin (Ser552 and Ser675). Treatment with XAV939, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, attenuated the MA-induced increase in β-catenin nuclear translocation. Moreover, XAV939 reduced MA-induced effects on cell cycle progression, autophagy, and DPC proliferation. On the other hand, MA increased the levels of phospho (Thr202/Tyr204)-extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK). MA-induced ERK phosphorylation led to changes in the expression levels of Cdc2, Atg7 and LC3II, as well as DPC proliferation. Our results suggest that MA promotes anagen signaling via autophagy and cell cycle progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK pathways in DPCs.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.415-424
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• 2020

In the present study, we have refined gomisin N, which represents activity in the proliferation of dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis), and have identified optimal extraction conditions for obtaining extracts with high content of gomisin N. The activity of the extracts and fractions was evaluated, and the results indicated approximately 29% proliferation activity in the group treated with 1 ㎍/mL of n-hexane fraction. Column chromatography was used to assess the active ingredient in the n-hexane fraction, and two compounds, namely gomisin N(1) and schisandrin(2), were isolated and identified. When the HFDPCs proliferation activity was tested for the isolated compounds, gomisin N exhibited ≥ 20% proliferation activity. Thus, via response surface methodology (RSM), the optimum extraction conditions to obtain the maximum level of gomisin N from the fruit of S. chinensis were determined, where ethanol proportion, extraction time, and extraction temperature were used as the independent variables. The results revealed coefficient of determination ≥ 0.95 and p-value ≤ 0.05, which confirmed the fit of the model. The optimum extraction conditions to achieve the maximum content of gomisin N were as follows: ethanol proportion 83.8%, extraction temperature 80 ℃, and extraction time 8.7 h. The content of gomisin N using these conditions was predicted as 378,300 ppm, and a mean value close to the predicted value (376,884 ppm) was obtained while validating the aforementioned conditions.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.47-53
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• 2021

Objectives : Currently, the alopecia is one of the most emotionally stressful syndromes in human life. Human hair dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) play an essential role in controlling hair growth and in regulating hair cycle. We performed MTT assay, cell cycle, and western blot to determine the effects of essential oil from Coicis Semen (ECS) on hair growth in HDPCs. Methods : We monitored cell proliferations by MTT assay in HDPCs. After setting up the safe and effective concentration range to be treated ECS, cell cycle analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Also, the protein expression of hair growth-related factors such as insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Wnt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt) in HDPCs was determined by western blot. Results : As results, cell proliferation was increased in ECS group compared to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and minoxidil (MNXD) group. Cell number of ECS group was more decrease in sub G1 phase than cell number of DMSO group. Also, cell number of ECS group increased compared to cell number of DMSO group in G1 phase. Protein expression of ECS group was higher than protein expression of DMSO group on related hair growth factors (IGF-1, Wnt, ERK, Akt). Conclusion : As mentioned above, ECS increased cell proliferation and the protein expression of IGF-1, Wnt, ERK, and Akt. These results suggest that ECS could be used as a potential material for the treatment of alopecia by increasing the proliferation of HDPCs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.234-241
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• 2023

At present, many countries around the world are legalizing cannabis and its products, and research on various treatments using cannabis is being actively conducted. However, the cannabis plant contains other compounds whose biological effects have not yet been established. We investigated the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) on hair growth in human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs). 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of CBD. The HDPCs viability of CBD was examined via water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. The expression of hair-loss-related markers in HDPCs by CBD treatment was analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting. The DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity assay showed that CBD had superior antioxidant activities. In HDPCs, CBD increased cellular proliferation at concentrations without cytotoxicity. It also increased the expressions of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). These results correlated with a decrease in the expression of inhibition-related factors, such as androgen receptor (AR) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-B1). Moreover, CBD resulted in a significant increase in the phosphorylation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Therefore, it is suggested that CBD may be a potential remedy for the treatment of alopecia.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.555-566
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• 2018

Human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) are used in tissue repair and regeneration; however, the mechanisms involved are not well understood. We investigated the hair growth-promoting effects of hUCB-MSCs treatment to determine whether hUCB-MSCs enhance the promotion of hair growth. Furthermore, we attempted to identify the factors responsible for hair growth. The effects of hUCB-MSCs on hair growth were investigated in vivo, and hUCB-MSCs advanced anagen onset and hair follicle neogeneration. We found that hUCB-MSCs co-culture increased the viability and up-regulated hair induction-related proteins of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) in vitro. A growth factor antibody array revealed that secretory factors from hUCB-MSCs are related to hair growth. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were increased in co-culture medium. Finally, we found that IGFBP-1, through the co-localization of an IGF-1 and IGFBP-1, had positive effects on cell viability; VEGF secretion; expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), CD133, and ${\beta}-catenin$; and formation of hDPCs 3D spheroids. Taken together, these data suggest that hUCB-MSCs promote hair growth via a paracrine mechanism.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2024

Objectives : Polyporus umbellatus is a medicinal mushroom that has been used for over thousands years in Chinese medicine as a powerful diuretic to relieve fluid retention and edema. Dermal papilla is located at the bottom of the hair follicle and connected to the blood vessels where it gets the nutrients and oxygen to nurture hair follicle. This study examined the mechanism through which the ethanol extract of Polyporus umbellatus (EPU) promoted the proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (HHDPCs). Methods : To estimate the proliferative effects of EPU on HHDPCs, cell viability was estimated by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Western blotting was used to investgate the activation of ERK, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, β-catenin, GSK-3β and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Cells were treated with inhibitors of ERK and Akt prior to EPU treatment. Results : EPU promoted the proliferation of HHDPCs and the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt in dose dependent manner. However, the proliferative effect of EPU on HHDPCs was inhibited by pre-treatment of ERK inhibitor (PD98059) and Akt inhibitor (LY294002). Furthermore, EPU respectively stimulated the protein expression of β-catenin and phosphorylated GSK-3β. EPU significantly increased the protein expression levels of proliferation and cytoprotection related genes such as Bcl-2, SIRT-1, and HO-1 in cells. Conclusion : This results suggest that EPU promoted the proliferation of HHDPCs via activating PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HHDPCs.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.365-368
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• 2003

Hair follicles develop as a result of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions between epidermal keratinocytes and dermal cells. Moreover hair follicles constitute multiple cells that influence hair follicle development and cyclic activity. We isolated some cells using explantation and enzymatic digestion method from human scalp hair follicles. So we could culture some follicular cells, such as outer root sheath (ORS) cells, dermal papilla (DP) cells, dermal sheath (DS) cells, matrix cells and melanocyte.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.640-646
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• 2024

Hair growth cycles are mainly regulated by human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) and human outer root sheath cells (hORSCs). Protecting hDPCs from excessive oxidative stress and hORSCs from glycogen phosphorylase (PYGL) is crucial to maintaining the hair growth phase, anagen. In this study, we developed a new PYGL inhibitor, hydroxytrimethylpyridinyl methylindolecarboxamide (HTPI) and assessed its potential to prevent hair loss. HTPI reduced oxidative damage, preventing cell death and restored decreased level of anagen marker ALP and its related genes induced by hydrogen peroxide in hDPCs. Moreover, HTPI inhibited glycogen degradation and induced cell survival under glucose starvation in hORSCs. In ex-vivo culture, HTPI significantly enhanced hair growth compared to the control with minoxidil showing comparable results. Overall, these findings suggest that HTPI has significant potential as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of hair loss.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 2022

In this study, keratin peptides were produced through high-temperature anaerobic fermentation of keratin, a protein contained in deer antler, with Fervidobacterium islandicum AW-1, and factors related to human hair, confirming the possibility of keratin peptides as cosmetic ingredients. As a result of the cytotoxicity and proliferation of deer antler fermented keratin peptide according to the concentration in the dermal papilla cell line, cytotoxicity was not observed and the cell proliferation effect was shown. For human dermal papilla cells, statistically significant increasing in growth factors according to the deer antler fermented keratin peptide was determined possiblity of effects on hair growth. Cosmetic products containing deer antler fermented keratin peptides were manufactured and skin safety and anti hair loss efficacy clinical tests were conducted. As a result, after 12 weeks of use, the total number of hairs statistically significant increased compared to before using the product and the difference in total number of hairs compared to the control group was found. In conclusion, we suggest that the possibility of fermented deer antler keratin peptide as a cosmeceutical ingredient as well as a health functional food material was confirmed.