• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2012

In this study, FDS fire simulation experiments and measured wind speed by applying the exterior installation portion for blocking the spread of the fire was investigated. As a result, aluminum composite panels installed in the lower and the upper part of the panel to remove all the lower side, and then the maximum wind speed 0.24 m/s and the upper side 0.58 m/s were measured. In the FDS, the measured wind speed difference air currents are approximately 3.7 times in 12 seconds, the occurrence of 17 seconds early moment wind 2.2 m/s was measured from. Before and after the fire occurred in early of the air velocity about 39 seconds was 3.5 times difference. Such air currents caused by the temperature of the building but also by the building height was found. Turbulent flame of fire by expanding the vertical extent of damage become greatly important factor. Therefore, through the exterior installation portion of the block that can delay the spread of fire is expected that this should be taken.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.342-350
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• 2010

Randomizing the switching frequency (RSF) to reduce the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of switching power converters is a well-known technique that has been previously discussed. The randomized pulse position (RPP) technique, in which the switching frequency is kept fixed while the pulse position (the delay from the starting of the switching cycle to the turn-on instant within the cycle) is randomized, has been previously addressed in the literature for the same purpose. This paper presents a double-hybrid technique (DHB) for EMI reduction in dc-dc switching regulators. The proposed technique employed both the RSF and the RPP techniques. To effectively spread the conducted-noise frequency spectrum and at the same time attain a satisfactory output voltage quality, two parameters (switching frequency and pulse position) were randomized, and a third parameter (the duty ratio) was controlled by a digital compensator. Implementation was achieved using field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, which is increasingly being adopted in industrial electronic applications. To evaluate the contribution of the proposed DHB technique, investigations were carried out for each basic PWM, RPP, RSF, and DHB technique. Then a comparison was made of the performances achieved. The experimentally investigated features include the effect of each technique on the common-mode, differential-mode, and total conducted-noise characteristics, and their influence on the converter’s output ripple voltage.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.5 s.347
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• pp.162-168
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• 2006

Understanding of propagation characteristics is very important for the wireless communication system design and wireless communication service construction. In this paper, propagation characteristics is measured and analyzed at 2.45Ghz frequency band under curved subway tunnel environment. We constituted channel measurement system with sliding correlation and five different kind of antennas. The purpose of five different type of antennas is to compare propagation characteristics according to beam shape of antennas. The path loss under tunnel environment is average $4.38^{\sim}14.41dB$ lower than free space and circular polarization antenna marked smallest path loss. Also, path loss is smallest when the receiver antenna located outside of tunnel in th curved section. 90% of delay components of all antennas measured within 20ns and directional antenna has more wide coherence bandwidth than omni-directional antenna. According to measured result, when we consider path loss and delay characteristics, circular polarization antenna is most suitable under tunnel environment.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.46-54
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce the performance of improved symbol timing detection by the superposed difference type symbol timing detection method in the OFDM system. Also, we represent the maximum detection probability of symbol synchronization timing at each received delay signal in multipath channel delay profile in the correlation and difference type symbol timing detection methods. The computer simulation results show that the correlation symbol timing detection method have maximum detection probability at the lead of the nth received delay signal of highest amplitude, but the difference type symbol timing detection method always have maximum detection probability at the lead of the first received delay signal in the channel delay spread of $70nsec{\sim}217nsec$. The simulation results indicate the possibility of the perfect detection of OFDM symbol synchronization timing and it fit well with the results of improved S/N to the eb/n0 and the performance of symbol timing detection of the proposed method.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1031-1040
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• 2023

Propagation characteristics in line-of-sight(LOS) paths in 3, 6, 10, and 17 GHz frequency bands were measured and analyzed in two different indoor corridors: second floors of Buildings D2 and E2. The measurement was designed to measure when the receiving antenna moved at 0.5 m intervals from 3 m to 30 m, while the transmission antenna was fixed. The analysis of the two indoor corridors was compared by applying basic transmission loss, root mean square (RMS) delay spread, and K-factor. For basic transmission loss, the loss coefficient of the floating intercept path loss model was higher in the indoor corridor of Building E2 than in that of Building D2. Similarly, the RMS delay spread in the time domain was greater in the indoor corridor of Building E2. However, the indoor corridor of Building D2 exhibited higher K-factor in the 3, 6, and 17 GHz bands with lower wave propagation in the 10 GHz band. Despite the 2 indoor corridors being identical, the propagation characteristics varied due to different internal structures and materials. The results provide measurement data for ITU-R Recommendations regarding various indoor environments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.175-186
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• 1996

An optimal channel input-traffic control (OCIC) policy is proposed for slotted frequency-hopped spread-spectrum multiple access communication systems. When the number of channel input packets is set to the optimal number, the conditional throughput for the OCIC policy is analyzed. The state transition probability is derived, the steady state performance is analyzed, and the mean pracket delay is obtained. It is shown that the mean packet delay decreases considerably when the priority of transmission is given to backlogged users. The smaller is the number of requency slots, the larger are the differences between the preformance of the OCIC policy and that of the other policies.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.314-317
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• 2003

In this paper, a measurement and analysis program is developed, that can be utilized to measure and analyze radio propagation characteristics. This program is able to control the measurement instruments including spectrum analyzer through a GPIB interface, and analyze the measured data to yield mean excess delay and RMS delay spread. The measured path loss can be compared with theoretical path loss in free space or inside tunnels. The measured and analyzed results can also be presented in the forms of graphs. As those tasks can be conducted on the measurement spot, this program is very helpful for performing and verifying measurements.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.589-593
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• 2003

Narrowband and wideband characterizations of radio propagation channels in tunnel environments are investigated by using ray tracing techniques. For a rectangular straight tunnel and a rectangular curved tunnel, received power is simulated when the receiver moves away from the transmitter. The fast fading statistics of the narrowband propagation are analyzed in terms of cumulative distribution function, level crossing rate and average fade duration. The tunnel wideband radio propagation channel is characterized in terms of mean excess delay and rms delay spread.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.2043-2054
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• 1996

In this paper, Digital Delay Locked Loop(DDLL) is designed, implemented and analysed by experiment whose results show that it is possible to track the received signal by this scheme. Designed digital DLL has an advantage that it is not needed to maintain gain balance between early and late channels, which has been problem with an analog DLL. Also DDLL has more improved noise performance compared to analog DLL due to noise level limitation and noise cancellation characteristics. For various loop parameters, their effects on loop performance are analysed and simulated. Proposed DDLL is the first attempt as a digital approach in code tracking loop and it is expected to be a good reference for spread spectrum communication research.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.5 no.1 s.8
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• pp.85-90
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• 2001

In this paper, we analyzed the envelope correlation of wideband signals modulated on two separate subcarriers in a Nakagami-Rice fading channel with exponential power delay profile. The results show that the envelope correlation of resolvable paths is implicated by the ratio of the specular wave power to the mean multipath power as well as the signal bandwidth and the rms delay spread of the multipath waves.