• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1477-1482
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• 2004

Purpose. With the continuous spread of the AIDS virus and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) throughout Asia, it has become imperative for HIV/AIDS prevention outreach programs to stress the need for using prophylactics as one form of protection. This is particularly true for commercial sex workers. This pilot study was conducted to investigate the rate of condom use among the commercial sex workers in Korea and reasons why they frequently do not wear condoms during sexual intercourse. Methods. Fifty female commercial sex workers who worked in the Yong San area were recruited while outreach was performed and forty eight responses were analyzed due to two incomplete questionnaires. The data were collected on June 28, 2004 as part of an outreach program for condom use promotion. Results. The subjects ranged in age from 21 to 45 years. Nearly half of the subjects ($47.9\%$) did not consistently use condoms. The major reason for not using protection was clients' reluctances for using condoms. When condoms were used, the subjects preferred lubricant-rich and less painful condom during intercourse. Conclusion. Due to the inconsistent use of condoms, it is clear that many commercial sex workers and clients are susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, it is important to not only educate commercial sex workers, but also to educate their pimps and clientele about the importance of condom use. In general, it is recommended that practical strategies and a policy for condom use promotion be developed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.5-21
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• 2016

Purpose - This study aims to clarify the meanings of small enterprise and modify criteria for explaining its range. Prioritizing the number of full time workers first and the sales next are proper as a new concept and range. Research design, data, and methodology - In research, 'small company' is a basic concept because the range of its standard is categorized as a 'small company' in the policy system of small & medium business. This study focuses on the solutions with ① evaluation on sales, ② standard for excluded ones ③ regulation for excluded business types in 'Act on Protection and Support for Small Enterprise'. Results - Clarifying the range of standard with maintaining the title is advisable. The scope should resist the current criteria or adopt a new standard which contains not only full time workers but also the sales. The new one may raise the policies' effectiveness because it can sort the 1% people of small enterprises. Conclusions - However, there should be a preventive system for sorting out the non-eligible ones not conformed to the CAP for small company. Therefore, it is desirable to prepare the system with 'unsuitable ones list' or regulate large income·inappropriate business types in 'Act on protection and support for small enterprise'.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.173-180
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• 2015

The advent of personal healthcare record(PHR) technology has been changing the uses as well as the paradigm of internet services, and emphasizing the importance of services being personalization. But the problem of user's privacy infringement and leaking user's sensitive medical information is increasing with the fusion of PHR technology and healthcare. In this paper, we propose a security labeling scheme for privacy protection in PHR system. In the proposed scheme, PHR data can be labeled also manually based on patient's request or the security labelling rules. The proposed scheme can be used to control access, specify protective measures, and determine additional handling restrictions required by a communications security policy.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.sup1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has brought to light issues regarding personal and environmental cleanliness. Individuals may have concerns about cleanliness at food service establishments when they consume food prepared at a restaurant. In Korea, a new restaurant hygienic certificate system was implemented in 2017. The effect of this new system has not been evaluated. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study investigated consumers' perceptions of these new certificates using the protection motivation theory (PMT). An online survey was conducted to collect data and then exploratory factor analysis, analysis of variance, and multiple regression tests were run. RESULTS: The results of this study indicate that 3 different certificates had significant differences in threat (P < 0.001) and benefit (P < 0.001) perception. However, experience with a foodborne illness from a restaurant did not effect on the PMT variables. In addition, the 3-tier certificate did not motivate consumers to protect themselves against foodborne illnesses, while previous experiences of foodborne illness (P < 0.05), coping (P < 0.001), and benefits (P < 0.01) affected this protection motivation. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that consumers were not influenced by different certificate levels regarding their motivation to protect themselves from foodborne illnesses. Therefore, an improved plan should be initiated to clarify the meaning of these certificates. The results of this study can help the application and development of a new system for future adaptations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.585-594
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• 2016

This study is aimed at researching and analyzing the students' recognition and practice of the patents medical information, who are majoring in medical records and will be working as medical records technician, letting them recognize the importance of information, and at offering basic data required for development of medical records curriculum and for establishment of medical records protection policy. This study was conducted from 18th May through 6th June 2015, targeting 340 students enrolled four universities, by t-test, variance analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. As a result of this study, the point of protection recognition and practice recognition is 3.55 and 3.49, respectively, out of 5. With regard to recognition of medical information protection, there was a significant difference in grade, satisfaction for major, experience of medical information protection education and recognition of law, while for recognition of practice, in grade, satisfaction for major, educational experience and damage of medical information exposure. Recognition of protection and recognition of practice had a significant static correlation, and recognition of information exposure, recognition of social issue and recognition of legal system had significant positive effect on recognition of practice. In order to raise the recognition of protection and recognition of practice, based on this study, it is considered necessary for the universities to educate the damage of medical information exposure and importance of medical records management, and to raise the students' recognition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.348-355
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• 2017

Human activities have resulted in soil pollution problems to us. Human and ecological risk assessment have been suggested as an efficient environmental management strategy for protecting human and ecosystems from soil pollution. However, Korean environmental policy is currently focused on human protection, and fundamental researches for ecology protection are required for institutional frameworks. In this study, we developed a schematic frame of Korean soil ecological risk assessment, and suggested the basic information for its application. This study suggested a soil ecological risk assessment scheme consisting of 4 steps for derivation of Predicted-No-Effect-Concentration (PNEC): 1) ecotoxicity data collection and reliability determination, 2) data standardization, 3) evaluation of data completeness for PNEC calculation, and 4) determination of ecological-risk. The reliability determination of ecotoxicity data was performed using Reliability Index (RI), and the classification of domestic species, acute/chronic, toxicity endpoint, and soil properties was used for data cataloging. The PNEC calculation methodology was determined as low-reliability, middle-reliability, and high-reliability according to their quantitative and qualitative levels of ecotoxicity data. This study would be the introductory plan research for establishment of Korean soil ecological risk assessment, and it can be a fundamental framework to further develop guidelines of Korean environmental regulation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.335-341
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• 2020

This study aims to identify the importance and degree of performance of COVID19 infection control educational program for 4th grade nursing college students, and to prepare the basic data for developing COVID19 infection control nursing education program based on this study. Data were collected from January 6 to January 30, 2020 by using structured questionnaire from 72 senior nursing students at "A" City Nursing College. The overall average of importance of COVID19 infection control nursing was 4.4 out of 5, and the overall average of performance was 2.4 out of 5. The greatest difference in importance and performance were the sectors of personal protection(equipment dressing & undessing) and collecting safe sample. By analyzing the needs for COVID19 infection control nursing of nursing college students It is used as the basic data for the development of simulation education programs by improving performance of both personal protection and collecting safety samples.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.517-546
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• 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the fashion industry's response to climate change and how these discussions unfolded at the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Climate change response projects by B Corp-certified fashion companies are examined, focusing on stakeholder efforts and reviewing online media reports. Text data were collected from web documents, interviews, and op-eds relating to COP28 from December 2018 to April 2024 and analyzed using text mining and semantic network analysis to identify critical keywords and contexts. The analysis revealed that the fashion industry is fulfilling its environmental responsibilities through various strategies, prompting changes in consumer behavior by advocating sustainable consumption, including carbon removal, energy transition, and recycling promotion. Stakeholders in online media and those present at COP28 discussed issues relating to climate change in the fashion industry, focusing on environmental protection, energy, greenhouse gas emissions, sustainable material usage, and social responsibility. Key issues at COP28 included policy and regulation, climate change response, energy transition, carbon emissions management, and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) standards. Additionally, by examining the main collections exhibited at the fashion show during COP28, the study analyzed how messages about climate change were conveyed. Fashion companies communicated the industry's response through exhibitions and fashion shows, suggesting a move toward balancing environmental protection and economic growth through the development of sustainable materials, the expansion of recycling and reuse practices, and the modern reinterpretation of cultural heritage.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

Access control techniques should be flexible enough to support all protection granularity levels. Since access control policies are very likely to be specified in relation to document types, it is necessary to properly manage a situation in which documents fail to be dealt with by the existing access control policies. In terms of XML documents, it is necessary to describe policies more flexibly beyond simple authorization and to consider access control methods which can be selected. This paper describes and designs the access control policy system for authorization for XML document access and for efficient management to suggest a way to use the capacity of XML itself. The system in this paper is primarily characterized by consideration of who would exercise what access privileges on a specific XML document and by good adjustment of organization-wide demands from a policy manager and a single document writer.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.7C
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• pp.667-673
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• 2007

In order to provide the efficient personalized services, the organizations and the companies collect and manage the personal information. The stored data have some slight differences among each subject. Even though the same attribute information leaks out, the personal privacy violation is different according to personal sensitivity. However, currently the organizations or the companies protect all the information as the same level. This paper reflects the sensitive attribute information of the information subject to each personal policy by the encrypting techniques. And then we propose a policy-based access control mechanism for the personal information which strictly prevents unauthorized information users from illegally accessing the personal information. In the proposed mechanism, the individuals' personal information which is encrypted with different keys is stored into the database. For the access control, information subjects set up their own access control policy for their sensitive personal information. Then it is possible to control the information access by providing the information to the information users according to personal and organizational privacy policy.