Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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An Introductory Research for Development of Soil Ecological Risk Assessment in Korea

토양생태 위해성평가 제도 국내 도입방안 연구

  • An, Youn-Joo (Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kim, Shin Woong (Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Moon, Jongmin (Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Jeong, Seung-Woo (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Kim, Rog-Young (Soil and Groundwater Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Yoon, Jeong-Ki (Soil and Groundwater Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Seung (Soil and Groundwater Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 안윤주 (건국대학교 환경보건과학과) ;
  • 김신웅 (건국대학교 환경보건과학과) ;
  • 문종민 (건국대학교 환경보건과학과) ;
  • 정승우 (국립군산대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김록영 (국립환경과학원 토양지하수연구과) ;
  • 윤정기 (국립환경과학원 토양지하수연구과) ;
  • 김태승 (국립환경과학원 토양지하수연구과)
  • Received : 2016.12.13
  • Accepted : 2017.03.31
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

Human activities have resulted in soil pollution problems to us. Human and ecological risk assessment have been suggested as an efficient environmental management strategy for protecting human and ecosystems from soil pollution. However, Korean environmental policy is currently focused on human protection, and fundamental researches for ecology protection are required for institutional frameworks. In this study, we developed a schematic frame of Korean soil ecological risk assessment, and suggested the basic information for its application. This study suggested a soil ecological risk assessment scheme consisting of 4 steps for derivation of Predicted-No-Effect-Concentration (PNEC): 1) ecotoxicity data collection and reliability determination, 2) data standardization, 3) evaluation of data completeness for PNEC calculation, and 4) determination of ecological-risk. The reliability determination of ecotoxicity data was performed using Reliability Index (RI), and the classification of domestic species, acute/chronic, toxicity endpoint, and soil properties was used for data cataloging. The PNEC calculation methodology was determined as low-reliability, middle-reliability, and high-reliability according to their quantitative and qualitative levels of ecotoxicity data. This study would be the introductory plan research for establishment of Korean soil ecological risk assessment, and it can be a fundamental framework to further develop guidelines of Korean environmental regulation.

인간활동에 의한 토양오염은 지속적으로 발생되고 있으며, 이를 과학적이고 합리적으로 관리하기 위한 인체 및 생태 위해성평가의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 하지만 국내에서 생태계를 수용체로 하는 위해성평가에 대한 제도적 장치가 마련되어 있지 않으며, 이에 대한 평가체계와 활용가능한 기반 마련이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 국내형 토양생태 위해성평가(soil ecological risk assessment) 체계를 제시하였으며, 이를 수행하기 위한 구체적인 내용들을 정리하였다. 토양생태 위해성평가는 오염물질에 대한 생태계 보호수준을 의미하는 예측무영향농도 산출을 목적으로 하고, 토양생태 독성자료 수집 및 적합성 확인, 토양생태 독성자료 표준화, 생태독성자료 충족도 확인 및 예측무영향농도 산출, 생태위해도결정의 단계로 수행할 수 있다. 수집된 생태독성자료는 신뢰도지수에 따라 적합성을 먼저 확인하며, 필요기준(국내 서식종, 급 만성, 독성종말점, 토양특성 분류)에 따라 순차적으로 정리하여 평가체계에 적용하는 방안을 제안하였다. 예측무영향농도는 생태독성자료 수준에 따라 저신뢰, 중간신뢰, 그리고 고신뢰 수준 중 하나의 산출 기법을 이용하며, 이를 통해 최종적으로 생태 위해도를 결정하는 방식을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 차후 토양오염물질에 대한 생태위해성평가 지침 제정에 있어 기본 체계로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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