• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.172-177
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• 2022

Two unrecorded fungi, Diaporthe perseae and Fusarium falciforme, were isolated from soil sampled from Dokdo in Korea. There have been many reports of Diaporthe sp. and Fusarium sp. in mainland Korea but none of them have reported in Dokdo so far. We used the morphological features and two molecular markers including the internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-α region to compare and analyze these species with the closely related taxa. As a result, we confirmed that these fungi were unrecorded soil fungi in Korea. Then, the cultural and morphological characteristics such as the conidia of these two fungal species could be clarified. These results are expected to help us to understand the distribution of fungi in Dokdo and manage the Dokdo Island Natural Reserve.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.658-665
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• 2015

Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture is important for understanding patterns of climate change, for developing and evaluating land surface models, for designing surface soil moisture observation networks, and for determining the appropriate resolution for satellite-based remote sensing instruments for soil moisture. In this study, we measured several soil moistures in upland soil using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) Soil Moisture Content (SMC) during eight-month period in Chungbuk province. The upland soil moisture properties were expressed by simple statistical methods (average, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) from the monthly context. Supplementary studies were also performed about the effect of top soil texture on the soil moisture responses. If the results from this study were utilized well in specific cities and counties in Korea, it would be helpful to establish the countermeasures and action plans for preventing disasters because it was possible to compare with the relationship between soil moisture and top soil texture of each region. And it would be the fundamental data for estimating the effect of future agricultural plan.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.571-581
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• 2015

Soil moisture content is generally accepted as an important factor to understand the process of crop growth and is the basis of earth system models for analysis and prediction of the crop condition. To continuously monitor soil moisture changes at kilometer scale, it is demanded to create high resolution data from the current, several tens of kilometers. In this paper we described a downscaling method for Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) Soil Moisture Content (SMC) from 10 km to 30 m resolution using a soil texture and field measurements that have a high correlation with the SMC. As a result, the soil moisture variations of both data (before and after downscaling) were identical, and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of SMC exhibited the low values. Also, time series analyses showed that three kinds of SMC data (field measurement, original AMSR2, and downscaled AMSR2) had very similar temporal variations. Our method can be applied to downscaling of other soil variables and can contribute to monitoring small-scale changes of soil moisture by providing high resolution data.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.440-448
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• 2023

This study measured soil respiration in pine forests dominated by Pinus densiflora in Mt. Jeombong, Mt. Namsan, Mt. Jirisan in Republic of Korea from 2009 to 2010. The seasonal variations, along with temperature and soil moisture content, were measured to understand the characteristics at each site. Soil respiration was highest in summer and autumn, closely influenced by the increase in soil temperature. Throughout the measurement period, soil respiration ranged from 205.6 to 312.2 mg CO₂ m^-2 h^-1, with Mt. Namsan showing the highest values and Mt. Jirisan the lowest. A strong correlation was observed between soil respiration and soil temperature, with Q₁₀ values ranging from 2.5 to 3.0. Precipitation significantly affected soil moisture content, and although it appeared to influence soil respiration, no significant correlation was found.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.370-377
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• 2014

There are very few studies about soil chemical and biological properties under tropical dry evergreen forest Coromandel Coast, India. The present study was conducted in six tropical dry evergreen forests sites such as Oorani, Puthupet, Vadaagram, Kotthatai, Sendrakillai and Palvathunnan. We measured the quantity of soil chemical, biological properties and selected soil microorganisms for investigating the impacts of soil microbial populations on soil chemical and biological properties. The result showed that total N, P, Ca, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Co, exchangeable K, Olson P, extractable Ca and phosphobacterial population were higher in the soil from Kothattai forest site. Organic carbon, total Mg, extractable Na, soil respiration, ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity, bacterial population, fungi population and actinomycetes population were higher in the soil from Palvathunn forest site. Total K, $NH_4{^+}$-N, $NO_3{^-}$-N, exchangeable K, extractable Ca, extractable Na, azotobacter population, bacillus population and rhizobacteria population were higher in the soil from Sendrakillai. Beijerinckia population, rhizobacteria and soluble sodium were higher in Puthupet forest soil. Total Si, total Na and exchangeable K were higher in soil from Oorani forest site. Total Mo and exchangeable K were higher in the soil from Vadaagaram forest site. The results showed that organic carbon, total N, $NH_4{^+}$-N, $NO_3{^-}$-N, extractable P, extractable Ca, soil respiration and ${\beta}$-glucosidase were significantly correlated with soil microbial populations. Therefore soil microorganisms are important factor for maintaining soil quality in tropical dry evergreen forest.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2002

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2020

Soil degradation can have an impact on the soil microbiota, but its specific effects on soil fungal communities are poorly understood. In this work, we studied the impact of soil degradation on the richness and diversity of communities of soil fungi, including three different degrees of degradation in Germany and Panama. Soil fungi were isolated monthly using the soil-sprinkling method for 8 months in Germany and 3 months in Panama, and characterized by morphological and molecular data. Soil physico-chemical properties were measured and correlated with the observed values of fungal diversity. We isolated a total of 71 fungal species, 47 from Germany, and 32 from Panama. Soil properties were not associated with fungal richness, diversity, or composition in soils, with the exception of soil compaction in Germany. The geographic location was a strong determinant of the soil fungal species composition although in both countries there was dominance by members of the orders Eurotiales and Hypocreales. In conclusion, the results of this work do not show any evident influence of soil degradation on communities of soil fungi in Germany or Panama.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.244-247
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• 2012

To remediate lead (Pb)-contaminated soils, it is proposed that microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) would provide the best alternative to other remediation technologies. In this study, Pb bioremediation in soils was investigated using the calcite-precipitating bacterium Kocuria flava. Results indicate that the Pb is primarily associated with the carbonate fraction in bioremediated soil samples. The bioavailability of Pb in contaminated soil was reduced so that the potential stress of Pb was alleviated. This research provides insight into the geochemistry occurring in the MICP-based Pb-remediated soils, which will help in remediation decisions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.222-229
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• 2005

A simplified one-dimensional model STELLA was used to predict soil water movement in lllinois corn fields using soil water balance sheets. It offered the potential to increase understanding of soil nitrate and agrochemical leaching process. The model accounted for aU possible annual inputs and outputs of water from a closed ecosystem as represented by corn fields. Water inputs included precipitation, while outputs included runoff, transpiration, evaporation and drainage. To run the model required daily inputs of two climatic data measurements such as daily precipitation and pan evaporation. Vertical water flow through the soil profile was calculated with first order equation including the difference in hydraulic conductivity and matric potential at the various soil types. The output results included daily changes of water content in the soil layers and daily amount of water losses including run-off, percolation, transpiration. This model was verified using Illinois corn field data for the soil water content measured by neutron scattering methods through 1992 to 1994 growing seasons. Approximately 22 to 78% of simulated water contents agreed with the measured values and their standard deviation, depending on soil types, whereas 30 to 70% of simulated water values agreed with the measured values and their standard deviations depending on soil layers.