• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.521-529
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of customized cognitive stimulation therapy on cognition, depression, and activities of daily living in elderly with dementia in the community. The program consisted of 7 sessions, 50 minutes once a week, from March 4 to April 26, 2019. As a result, customized cognitive stimulation therapy improved the overall cognitive function, and it also increased the level of independence in the daily living and reduced the depression of the experimental group. It also showed significant differences in cognitive function when compared with control group. Therefore, the customized cognitive stimulation therapy of this study was to grasp the cognitive function of the elderly with dementia and present the cognitive tasks to the subjects for selection that induced interest and proved to be effective. Afterward, the activities were organized by difficulty according to the level of cognitive function for each session, leading to the improvement of cognitive function. Additionally, the subjects were experienced success by participating actively and continually in the activities selected with interest. Through this, it was thought to have a positive effect on the spontaneity of activities of daily living and decrease depression.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2011

The previous studies were prevalent a study of treatment like a environmental modification or compensative approach and intervention which used in today to paralyzed patients. These interventions were related with occupational therapy widely. The purpose of this study is to provide a basic datum for environmental modification, compensative approach, and intervention observing physiological changes which is shown in early paralyze patients. The subjects were 40 students who were 20 female and 20 male in a college. The students were devided into hemiplegic and paraplegic model. The model was designed using a experimental cloths. A instrument to measure body composition was a precision instrument. The results of the study were as follow: First, there was no different homogeneity between activity daily of living of hemiplegic and paraplegic model. Second, there was a significant different body water and basal metabolic rate between before and after activity daily of living of hemiplegic model. Third, there was a significant different body water and basal metabolic rate between before and after activity daily of living of paraplegic model. Forth, there were no significant different physiological change between after activity daily of living of hemiplegic model and paraplegic model. We observed early changes of body composition using a hemiplegic and paraplegic model. We could know it was reduced body water rate and basal metabolic rate in regardless of type of paralysis. Therefore, it is important to know these physiological changes of paralyzed patients and improve body water and basal metabolic rate of the patients.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.644-652
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• 2007

In this study, we examined family history of chronic diseases, food group intake and physical activity in $5^{th}\;and\; 6^{th}$ grade elementary school children. Food group intake was compared with the KDRI food guides for children. The measurements of daily physical activity, television viewing, computer use, and daily servings of five food groups, including grains, meats, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables, were based on child and parent self-reports. As indices of obesity, the obesity index(%) and BMI(Body Mass Index) were used. The results were as follows. In boys, 83.2% were normal weight with 7.4% slightly obese, 7.4% moderately obese, and 2.0 were highly obese while the percentages of normal and slightly obese in girls were 89.9% and 6.2% respectively (p<0.05). The boys had more hours of daily physical activity(p<0.05) and more hours of computer usage(Internet searching or games)(p<0.05) than the girls. Slightly over 50% of the subjects met the daily recommended servings of grains, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables according to the KDRI food guides. However, only 26% of boys and 27% of girls met the recommended daily servings of protein foods such as meats, beans, and eggs. Thirty two percent(32%) of girls consumed high fat snacks everyday while 32% consumed high sugar snacks every day. The girls consumed more vegetables(p<0.05) and more high sugar snacks(p<0.05) than the boys. The children with family histories of obesity showed greater obesity rates(p<0.05) and sedentary lifestyles(p< 0.05) than those children without a family history of obesity. Children with family histories of high blood pressure consumed more sewings of vegetables and high fat snacks than the controls(p<0.05). The children with family histories of obesity consumed more high sugar or high fat snacks than the controls(p<0.05).

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.7-21
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• 1999

This study attempts to provide the rudimentary data that might help patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis manage an independent life by the analysis of their activities of daily living(ADL). The subjects were forty patients who had been diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis and under drug therapy from RA clinics of the two university hospitals in Pusan. Data were collected by performing an individual interview for each of them during June 15th through July 15th 1998. Questionaires were imployed to investigate the general characteristics of patients. the traits of Rheumatoid Arthritis, and actual conditions of their activities of daily living. The questionaires utilized especially for the study of ADL is the version of Lee Eun Ok's tool which modified and complemented Katz scale (Katz, Down, Cogh and Grots 1970) and Bathel index(Bathel. 1973). It's consisted of 31 questions that each question is measured by 0-3points. The high score in the questionaire signifies the high independency in the ADL. The data were analyzed by SPSS/Win in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, close connection with the contents of the personal interview. Total mean of the ADL shows $1.55{\pm}0.68$, indicating the overall activities of daily living is generally dependent. It also indicates that patients, in the condition of dependent activity. tends either to have recourse to drugs or to take negative strategy, getting help from inside or outside family member. Hence, it is necessary that patients are exposed to the introduction and instruction of self-help devies that might help them manage a comparatively independent ADL, easing their paychological burden.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare the energy expenditure of normal-weight and overweight Korean middle-aged women (40-60 yr). Middle-aged oveweight ($BMI\;{\geq}\;25$, n= 20) and normal-weight women were ($BMI\;{\leq}\;23$, n = 20) were recruited in Seoul. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, energy intake, daily activity time, and energy costs of some daily activities were measured. Energy expenditure at rest and while reading the newspaper, washing dishes, mopping the floor, and walking on a treadmill at 1.0, 2.0, 3.5mph were measured by indirect calorimeter and total daily energy expenditure was estimated by summation of energy costs of different activities. The overweight group had significantly higher values of body weight, triceps skinfold thickness, thigh circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, BMI, WTR, WHR, body surface area, percentage body fat, fat mass, fat free mass (FFM), and muscle mass compared to normal-weight group. The energy intakes of both groups were close to RDA and other nutrient intake status was also satisfactory. There were no significant differences in intakes of energy and nutrients between the two groups. Overweight subjects showed lower energy expenditure per kg body weight for reading the newspaper, washing dishes and mopping the floor, and walking on a treadmill at 2.0 and 3.5 mph, however, energy expenditure per kg FFM did not differ between the two groups. Daily energy expenditure for all activities was significantly higher in the overweight compared to the normal-weight group due to higher body weight. Both overweight and normal-weight groups showed negative energy balance between energy intake and energy expenditure, and there was no significant difference in energy balance between the two roups. Total daily energy expenditure correlated highly with FFM and body surface area. The result of present study does not offer an explanation on the energy imbalance and weight gain of overweight women.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1849-1856
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to understand differences in cognitive function and the instrumental activities of daily living depending on whether elderly women living alone in Korea have depression and to determine the correlation between variables. The data were collected from April 2011 to April 2012 with a total of 1,426 women interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Based on examining the correlation between variables, a weak inverse correlation was shown between depression and cognitive function(r=-.208, p<.001), between cognitive function and the instrumental activities of daily living(r=-.256, p<.001), and a weak positive correlation was shown between depression and instrumental activities of daily living(r=.222, p<.001). According to these results, We should pay attention to come up with ways to promote and maintain the mental health of elderly women so that depression level can be reduced through the improvement of cognitive function and social activity level.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.437-444
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• 2008

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships among physical symptoms, activities of daily living, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A stratified random sampling method was conducted to recruit participants from May 10 to August 17, 2007. Physical symptoms were measured using the Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ), activities of daily living using the Late-Life Functional and Disability Instrument (LLFDI), and HRQoL using the Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) in 242 community-dwelling elderly Korean people. Results: The HRQoL correlates with the physical symptoms (r=-.31) and the function component (r=.59). Of the two disability parts of the LLFDI, the limitation dimension correlates higher (r=.57) with HRQoL than the frequency dimension (r=.42). The HRQoL is significantly associated with the function component, and disability limitation in capability which explained 44.4% of variance in physical health. Conclusion: These results may contribute to a better understanding of physical symptoms, activities of daily living, and HRQoL in community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, health programs for prompting older adult's health should be planned based on results of the study.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.2 s.18
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• pp.64-71
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• 2004

A daily report is one of the critical documents in construction projects, since it helps them keep track of various as-built information. Despite the important role in progress management, the daily reporting process is time-consuming, and the representation of task information on daily reports are not effective enough to accumulate daily as-built information for further use in project management. Task information is composed of a specific work type and a location where the task is performed, which means that the same type of work is repeated over the locations. However, in many cases the task locations are described differently depending on a reporter's preference or experience. Without representing task location information effectively, it is difficult to accumulate and to reuse as-built information. The objective of this research is to build a framework for generating task information which can be efficiently accumulated and reused for progress management. To do so, this research built a task information model with focusing on the representation of task location associated with a work type, and developed an information system that supports automated and interactive generation of task information.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.167-175
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• 2023

Purpose : The study aim was to apply high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to and investigate the effects on upper extremity function and activities of daily living. Methods : This study was conducted at Hospital D in U City from April to June 2018. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with stroke according to prior research criteria were selected and divided into two groups. Sixteen people in the experimental group received high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and traditional occupational therapy, and sixteen people in the received sham stimulation and traditional occupational therapy. Both groups received 20 minutes of transcranial magnetic stimulation and 30 minutes of traditional occupational therapy per session, five times per week, for a total of 10 sessions over two weeks. Upper extremity functional evaluation, MFT and activities of daily living (Korean Version of the Modified Barthel Index, K-MBI) were conducted before and after the intervention, and an independent t test was used to confirm the effects of the intervention. Results : No statistically significant difference between the aforementioned groups' MFT and K-MBI scores was noted before the intervention. After the intervention, however, a statistically significant difference was found in K-MBI scores (p<.001). Additionally, after the intervention, a significant difference between the groups' MFT scores was found (p<.05). Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the combination of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy was effective in recovering upper extremity function and activities of daily living in patients diagnosed with acute stroke.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 1998

Improved knowledge of the time course of antimicrobial activity should provide useful information for designing optimal dosage regimen. In contrast to $\beta$-lactam, aminoglycosides tend to induce a prolonged postantibiotic effect against aerobic or facultative gram negative rods and clinical outcome was significantly correlated with achieving peak serum concentrations. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy, safety of e same total daily dose of amikacin and gentamicin given either twice or thrice daily in the treatment of patients. Consecutive patients over 20 years old with a suspected or confirmed infection for which an aminoglycosides was indicated were eligible. Exclusion criteria were known allergy to aminoglycosides, renal impairment, granulocytopenia and pregnancy. Patients were treated with intravenous amikacin 15 mg/kg/day or gentamicin 4.5 mg/kg/day either in two devided or in three devided. Seventy-four patients with infection were enrolled in this study of amikacin twice daily (A2, n=29), gentamicin twice daily (G2, n=8) vs amikacin thrice daily (A3, n=30), gentamicin thrice daily (G3, n=7). Baseline characteristics were comparable in G2 and G3. The clinical cure rate (including partial improve) were $89.0\%\;and\;86.0\%$ in A2 group and A3 group respectively. The bacteriologic cure rate were $99.0\%\;and\;85.7\%$ in A2 group and in A3 group respectively. The clinical and bacteriologic effects were difficult to compare G2 with G3, because of the small numbers of patients. The serum creatinin rose in $3.44\%$ (1 in 29) of patients in the A2 group compared to $13.3\%$ (4 in 30) in e A3 group. Although audiometry was not performed, there was no clinical evidence of ototoxicity in any of the patients. In our opinion, twice-daily regimen of aminoglycosides is more effective and less nephrotoxic than thrice-daily regimen.