• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.389-399
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• 2021

In recent years, word embedding has been a popular field of natural language processing research and a skip-gram has become one successful word embedding method. It assigns a word embedding vector to each word using contexts, which provides an effective way to analyze text data. However, due to the limitation of vector space model, primary word embedding methods assume that every word only have a single meaning. As one faces multi-sense words, that is, words with more than one meaning, in reality, Neelakantan (2014) proposed a multi-sense skip-gram (MSSG) to find embedding vectors corresponding to the each senses of a multi-sense word using a clustering method. In this paper, we propose a modified method of the MSSG to improve statistical accuracy. Moreover, we propose a data-adaptive choice of the number of clusters, that is, the number of meanings for a multi-sense word. Some numerical evidence is given by conducting real data-based simulations.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.110-119
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• 2021

The Coronavirus or COVID-19 is contagiousness virus that infected almost every single part of the world. This pandemic forced a major country did lockdown and stay at a home policy to reduce virus spread and the number of victims. Interactions between humans and robots form a popular subject of research worldwide. In medical robotics, the primary challenge is to implement natural interactions between robots and human users. Human communication consists of dynamic processes that involve joint attention and attracting each other. Coordinated care involves sharing among agents of behaviours, events, interests, and contexts in the world from time to time. The robotics arm is an expensive and complicated system because robot simulators are widely used instead of for rehabilitation purposes in medicine. Interaction in natural ways is necessary for disabled persons to work with the robot simulator. This article proposes a low-cost rehabilitation system by building an arm gesture tracking system based on a depth camera that can capture and interpret human gestures and use them as interactive commands for a robot simulator to perform specific tasks on the 3D block. The results show that the proposed system can help patients control the rotation and movement of the 3D arm using their hands. The pilot testing with healthy subjects yielded encouraging results. They could synchronize their actions with a 3D robotic arm to perform several repetitive tasks and exerting 19920 J of energy (kg.m².S^-2). The average of consumed energy mentioned before is in medium scale. Therefore, we relate this energy with rehabilitation performance as an initial stage and can be improved further with extra repetitive exercise to speed up the recovery process.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.453-462
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• 2020

With the development of artificial intelligence, a lot of platforms have emerged that enable anyone to easily access and learn about artificial intelligence or create artificial intelligence models. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed various artificial intelligence education platforms and developed and proposed a SW education class plan using a framework-based artificial intelligence education platform for activating artificial intelligence based SW education. The artificial intelligence-based SW education framework aims to cultivate artificial intelligence literacy on the basis of computational thinking. In addition, a learner-centered project class was formed to include elements that could be fused with real life contexts or other subjects. Using this, with the theme of creating an artificial intelligence program to help separate garbage collection, a six-hour project-based class was developed and proposed using practical arts, social studies, and creative experiential activities. This project class was organized using a platform that is not difficult, such as AI Oceans and Entry.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2021

Objective: The chief outcome of testicular torsion in clinical and experimental contexts is testicular ischemia. Curcumin, a compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has fascinated researchers and clinicians for its promise in the treatment of fertility diseases. Methods: Thirty-five fully grown male mice were randomly classified into five groups: control, sham, testicular torsion, treatment group 1 (testicular torsion+short-term curcumin), and treatment group 2 (testicular torsion+long-term curcumin). Thirty-five days later, spermatozoa from the right cauda epididymis were analyzed with regard to count and motility. Toluidine blue (TB), aniline blue (AB), and chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining assays were used to evaluate the sperm chromatin integrity. In addition, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) test was used to assess apoptosis. Results: Treatment group 1 exhibited a remarkably elevated sperm count compared to the testicular torsion group. Additionally, notably lower sperm motility was found in the testicular torsion group compared to the control, treatment 1, and treatment 2 groups. Staining (CMA3, AB, and TB) and the TUNEL test indicated significantly greater testicular torsion in the torsion group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The data also revealed notably lower results of all sperm chromatin assays and lower apoptosis in both treatment groups relative to the testicular torsion group (p<0.05). Significantly elevated (p<0.05) AB and TB results were noted in treatment group 1 compared to treatment group 2. Conclusion: Curcumin can compensate for the harmful effects of testicular ischemia and improve sperm chromatin quality in mice.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.620-631
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• 2021

The study aim to test the effect of voice agent's preceding utterance type on the user experience in the smart home contexts by conversation types. Based on two types of conversation (task-oriented vs. relationship-oriented conversations) and two types of utterance (preceding vs. response utterances), four different scenarios were designed for experimental study. A total of 62 participants were divided into two groups by utterance type, and exposed to two scenarios of the conversation types. Likeability, psychological reactance, and perceived intelligence were measured for the user experience of conversational agent. The result showed main effects of likeability in task-oriented conversations, and of psychological reactance in preceding utterances. The interaction effect demonstrated that preceding conversation improved the likeabilitty and perceived intelligence in the task-oriented conversations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.430-440
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• 2021

We analyzed research trends of 288 Korean academic dissertations and articles regarding platform work, using topic modeling and keyword network analysis method. Research disciplines of many studies were laws, business administration, and economics fields. Thigh frequent themes were platform labor protection measures and direct or indirect effects of the sharing economy. The main keywords were digital, value, industry, and labor in terms of infrastructure and structural change. Besides, the main topics were the protection of platform workers, the values of sharing services, digital paradigm, and platform regulations. Based on the results of the analysis, we derived four implications and suggestions such as researching structural frames in macroscopic contexts, generalizing case analysis, and technology supplementation by applying average and quantitative analysis methods, researching individual competency development to realize the essential symbiotic value of sustainability, and developing customized vocational education and training programs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to distance learning in primary and secondary school. Little has been known whether home ICTs environment is appropriate for the distance learning. This paper aims to assess the current state of ICTs environment at home for the distance learning of children. Using 2012 and 2019 Korean Media Panel Survey, we investigated the number of smart devices owned by households and found differences in ownership by household characteristics. The results showed that the majority of household owned more than one smart devices per child. However, the difference in the proportion of households with less than one device per child varied depending on whether smartphone was included in smart devices. These results imply that public intervention is needed to prevent educational inequality caused by the home ICTs environment for the distance learning.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2021

We are able to watch international multimedia anytime and anywhere, if we have the devices to connect Internet. Netflix and Youtube are the most massive and the most visited streaming platforms in the world. So If audiences are not familiar with the exotic culture such as behaviors, contexts, sarcasm, history and the current issues, It would happen a consequence that they entirely have to rely on subtitles in order to get inform. This research hereby aims to compare Korean transcriptions of the same movies streamed by the two selected platforms(Netflix and Youtube). As a result, good translation is that translators should use appropriate omissions and detailed explanations in limited time and space so that audience can concentrate on the vedio. If translators study the work in depth and spend enough time working on it, the quality of translation will definitely increase. Finally, this study contributed to the revitalization of the video translation market, which is still in the past, through the misinterpretation of videos produced at a low unit price and with minimal time without guidelines for video translation.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.265-277
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• 2021

With the development of technology, the concept of digital literacy is expanding from the focus of function and tool utilization to the extent of communication and participation in social and cultural contexts. In particular, learners' digital literacy capabilities are more important and necessary in remote learning environments such as Corona19. In this study, we studied how to improve digital literacy education through analysis and inspection of digital literacy shown in elementary school textbooks. To this end, we analyze it through compliance consisting of 8 fundamental pieces of knowledge, 20 sub technical skills, and 10 keys of competencies that constitute digital literacy. As a result of the study, the contents of digital literacy education in elementary school textbooks were presented centered on functions and tools, and as they were biased in certain areas, they were found to be lacking in systematicity and connectivity. Therefore, it proposed the composition of the curriculum system of digital literacy through the independence of elementary informatics curriculum, the specific composition of curriculum, and the strengthening of pre-service teachers' practical skills.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.34
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• pp.49-74
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• 2020

Daesoon Thought (大巡思想) emerged from indigenous Korean religion during the Joseon Dynasty. Thinkers within this tradition took Kang Jeungsan (姜甑山 secular name Kang Il-Sun 姜一淳 1871~1909) as their Highest God (上帝) and The Canonical Scripture (典經) as their main scripture. The Tenets, Four Cardinal Mottoes, Three Essential Attitudes, and Aims of Daesoon Thought are related to the concepts, categorical thought, and structure found in Confucianism. In particular, terms such as The Virtuous Concordance of Yin and Yang (陰陽合德), gods and humans^* (神人 ^*also 'divine humans' in some contexts), Dao Governance (道統), Quieting the Mind and Quieting the Body (安心安身), and Sincerity, Respectfulness, and Faithfulness (誠敬信) are all widely used in Confucianism. This paper will examine Daesoon Thought from the perspective of the Confucian Thinker, Yulgok (栗谷), and more specifically, his Theory of Reason and Energy (理氣論) and its key concepts: The Wondrousness of Reason and Energy (理氣之妙), Triggered Energy Transports Reason (氣發理乘), and Reason Pervades and Energy Delimits (理通氣局). It will be shown that Daesoon Thought shares essentially the same thinking and reasoning, and as such, the two systems are organically connected. Furthermore, both schools of thought pursue harmonious adjustment and emphasize practice. Although this study may contain suggestions which seem far-fetched when compared to previous studies, it investigates Daesoon Thought from the perspective of Neo-Confucian discourse on Nature and Principle (性理), which had great value in the mainstream culture of Korea's Joseon Dynasty. Given that Daesoon Thought and Neo-Confucianism both are forms of traditional thought, there is bound to be some connection between them.