• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2014

Dwelling connotes characteristics like social and cultural and technical climatic conditions, lifestyles and demands of regions, and especially, apartment, as one of dwelling types, shows various aspects of modern society. With the economic development centering on large cities, apartments have been established as universal housing forms in Seoul and Shanghai. The deepening of economic development in cities has increased small households consisting of one or two persons by affecting the population and household structure, and they've become information consumer groups. This has also influenced the size of apartment and increased the demand for small-sized housing. If the floor area is small, it is possible to use space widely according to the plan composition, so there is a need for floor planning to understand natural environment, physical environment and residents.This study compared and analyzed plan compositions of small-sized apartments which have been parceled out for the recent three years in Seoul and Shanghai. This study aims to understand housing cultures and users in the two countries depending on natural environments, living habits and spatial functions by analyzing common points and differences of public spaces like living room, dining room and kitchen, and private spaces like bedroom which have absolute effects on room arrangement and traffic line. The study results are as follows. From the perspective of natural environments, in Seoul, two-sided open cross-ventilation structure where is favorable to lighting and ventilation, occupied the biggest proportion of public space, while in Shanghai, most public spaces had lighting and ventilation structures through windows in each room. In Seoul, 3R type occupied the largest proportion of private space(87.7%), and privacy was maintained and space scale was adjusted using spaces with diverse functions such as bathroom in the couple bedroom, dress room and powder room and variable walls. But 2R type occupied the largest proportion of private space(60.2%) in Shanghai, and they emphasized private space and privacy of each room depending on major living habits. In conclusion, this study for comparing and analyzing common points and differences of small-sized apartment plan compositions in Seoul and Shanghai will provide proper guidelines for small-sized apartments to be built in Seoul and Shanghai in the future, if strong points and weak points of plan compositions in the two countries will be additionally analyzed and remedied.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.311-325
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• 2016

모바일 인스턴트 메신저를 통한 커뮤니케이션이 지닌 특성 중 하나인 이모티콘의 사용 비중은 최근 비약적으로 증가하며 관련 시장도 커지고 있다. 이처럼 모바일 인스턴트 메신저 내 이모티콘 시장 가치가 증대되고 있음에도 불구하고, 이에 대한 학문적 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 이러한 학문적 간극(gap)을 메우고, 모바일 인스턴트 메신저 서비스 내 이모티콘 시장 확대를 위한 전략 방향을 제안하기 위해 수행되었다. 보다 구체적으로 본 연구는 국내 스마트폰 사용자들이 가장 많이 사용하고 있는 모바일 인스턴트 메신저 앱인 카카오톡을 대상으로 카카오톡 내 이모티콘 구매의도에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대해 탐색해보고자 한다. 본 연구는 카카오톡 대학생 사용자 193명을 대상으로 설문조사를 통해 진행되었으며, 구조방정식 모형의 경로분석을 사용하여 가설 검증을 하였다. 분석 결과, 모바일 인스턴트 메신저에 대한 소비자의 지각된 혜택은 시스템 신뢰도에 양(+)의 영향을 주었고, 지각된 위험은 음(-)의 영향을 주었다. 또한 이모티콘에 대한 지각된 유용성과 플로우는 각각 이모티콘 사용태도에 양(+)의 영향을 주었다. 그리고 시스템 신뢰도와 이모티콘 사용태도는 이모티콘 구매의도에 각각 양(+)의 영향력을 주는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 게임이나 소셜 네트워크 서비스 등 다른 모바일 관련 서비스 컨텐츠에 비해 상대적으로 연구가 많이 진행되지 않은 모바일 인스턴트 메신저 내 이모티콘 구매에 대한 연구로서 구체적인 이론적, 실무적함의 역시 논하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2017

Purpose - The year 2016 marks 20 years since the opening of Korean distribution market in 1996. After this opening, the domestic market expanded and modernized, and has grown to become an advanced distribution market with a greater range of consumer choices. On the other hand, traditional markets have waned and their management has become worse. However, traditional markets do not have economic value alone. This study examines the effects of social value in traditional market such as the value of Cultural Tourism and the value of Sharing Community with Traditional Market on Satisfaction, Loyalty and Place Attachment of the residents. Research design, data and methodology - A questionnaire was organized for this study after a hypothesis was set based on theoretical background. Verification of the hypothesis was undertaken by statistically analyzing questionnaire responses. Personal interviews were performed for this study, and a total of 300 responses were collected, of which 228 responses (76%) were from women. The survey coverage was divided into 10 regions ranging from metropolitan areas to the provincial level, and the age groups were divided into 30s to 60s to ensure diversity of the area and age. Results - To summarize the study results, through verification of the hypothesis in terms of meaningful influence, it appears the values of Cultural Tourism to Satisfaction and Loyalty are supported. On the other hand, the value of Sharing Community is only supported for Satisfaction. It appears that Satisfaction to Loyalty and Loyalty to Place Attachment are meaningful effects. The mediator effect was also reconciled through satisfaction and loyalty. Loyalty was analyzed in terms of mediating the effect of satisfaction on place attachment. Conclusions - It is noted in this study that government support is required to preserve traditional markets and renewal program. Community requires multilateral communication and the formation of effective relationships. In contrast to the economic value emphasized by large retailers, the empirical analysis of the non-economic effects of traditional markets has presented the significance of socio-cultural values in traditional markets. In the future, socio-cultural values and economic values should be integrated into more empirical studies through mutual comparison. Investigating the increase and decrease of social value in traditional markets will help the future formulation in government policy.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2009

개방형 네트워크인 인터넷의 확산과 웹(Web) 기술이 발전함에 따라 다양한 형태의 디지털 콘텐츠가 생성, 응용되고 있다. 이와 같은 디지털 콘텐츠는 디지털 정보 자체가 재화적(財貨的) 가치를 가짐으로 인하여 개방형 네트워크 상에서 소비자와 제공자와의 비대면(Non Face-to-Face) 방식으로 전달하기 위해서는 고도의 보안성이 요구되어진다. 이와 같은 재화적 가치 또는 보안성이 요구되는 콘텐츠로서 내용의 공개가 어려운 전자기록물, 경제적 가치가 높은 보고서, 재화적 가치를 내용에 포함하고 있는 전자티켓 등이 있다. 전자티켓은 디지털 콘텐츠의 일종으로서 전자티켓(Electronic Ticket)은 티켓 소지자의 소유권을 보장하는 전자적 인증서(Electronic Certificate)이다. 위에서 언급한 디지털 콘텐츠 중에서 본 논문에서는 실질적인 재화적 가치를 포함하고 있는 디지털 콘텐츠로서 전자티켓을 중심으로 인터넷 온-라인 환경에서의 안전한 전자티켓의 생성과 전달 그리고 스마트 카드를 이용한 오프-라인에서의 안전한 사용을 위해 1) 전자티켓 서버에서의 티켓 생성; 2) 온라인 환경에서의 전자티켓의 전달을 위한 사용자 및 카드 인증; 3) 네트워크를 통하여 전달된 전자티켓의 스마트 카드로의 저장; 4) 오프라인에서의 스마트 카드에 저장된 전자티켓의 정당성 인증 및 발권; 5) 사용된 전자티켓의 수집 및 폐기 등을 제안한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2014

Purpose - Theorists and researchers in the area of customer satisfaction generally agree that product satisfaction intervenes between expectancy disconfirmation and various post-purchase cognitive states including attitude and behavioral intention. Studies in a variety of settings have supported the effect of expectation and its disconfirmation on satisfaction, but only a small number of studies address the cognitive consequences of satisfaction decisions and none report data on choice processes such as brand selection. This study examines the influence of satisfaction and its determinants on behavioral intention and product preference in eight coffee shops across the country. Generally it was found in both overall and summed attribute analyses that satisfaction was a function of expectation and disconfirmation, that intention was a function of satisfaction, and that preference was influenced by satisfaction and disconfirmation, the latter having the greater effect. Research design, data, and methodology - The main objective of this study was to assess the dimensions of consumer selection and satisfaction in choosing a coffee shop. In order to achieve this objective, a study of coffee shops across the country was conducted. This study comprised in-depth questionnaires distributed to coffee shop customers. A survey was conducted from September 1, 2011 to September 30, 2011, involving franchise coffee shop, independently owned coffee shop, and roastery coffee shop customers. Results - Hypothesis 1-1, which states that coffee shop choice attributes differ based on the type of coffee shop, is accepted. It has a significance level of 0.05, according to choosing properties of coffee shop by convenience of transportation, varieties of beans, residence of the owner (manager), information, and relationships. Hypothesis 1-2, which states that satisfaction with the choice factor differs depending on the type of coffee shops, is accepted. The P-values for cleanliness and varieties of beans were 0.04 and 0.00, respectively, and have a significance level of 0.05, according to the satisfaction with the chosen coffee shop. Hypothesis 2-1, which states that the importance of the choice attributes in coffee shop selections differs based on the demographic characteristics of the customers, is accepted. According to the t-test result, convenience of parking and residence of the owner (manager) are significant. Hypothesis 2-2, which states that satisfaction with the choice factor will differ depending of the type of coffee shop, is accepted. According to the t-test result, convenience of parking and residence of the owner (manager) are significant. Conclusions - This study has shown that intention to revisit a certain shop is most likely correlated to satisfaction in all cases. In order to offer subsequent developments for coffee shops, this study also identifies relations between customer satisfaction and selection by finding significant factors. In order to maximize customers' satisfaction, coffee shops should analyze and satisfy customers' needs and wants in terms of coffee service. While the findings do not generalize beyond the mall sampling procedure used here, we have hopefully identified a close approximation of the process of satisfaction decisions used by consumers generally.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2010

본 연구는 인터넷 자원자 패널에 의한 사회조사 사례를 보고하면서 조사 자원자의 사회심리적 특성을 규명하고 패널표본의 편향성을 제거하기 위한 성향조정 가중법(propensity adjustment weighting)의 효용에 대한 정량적 평가 결과를 제시한다. 광역시 도, 지역크기(동 읍면), 성별, 연령대, 교육정도, 소비생활 만족도, 소득분배 견해, 일반신문 보기, 인터넷신문 보기 등 9개 요인을 조정 기준변수로 사용하여, 2009년 통계청 온라인 사회조사 자료(응답자 수 2,903명)를 같은 해에 지역추출 면대면(face-to-face, FTF)으로 실시된 통계청 사회조사 자료(응답자 수 37,049명)에 맞도록 성향조정 가중치를 적용하였다. 그 결과 106개 평가 문항 가운데 80% 정도의 문항에서 광역시 도, 동 읍면, 성별, 연령대 등 기본 인구지리적 변수에 의한 기본가중치 보정에 비하여 향상된 추정치를 제공하는 것으로 평가되었다. 이는 성향조정에 일부 한계가 있기는 하지만 자원자 패널에 의한 인터넷 조사를 향후 사회조사에서 활용해 볼 가치가 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구에서 준거조사(reference survey)로 쓰인 2009년 통계청 면대면 사회조사는 표본크기가 크고 일반적인 사회심리적 태도 문항과 인터넷 관련 행태 문항을 포함하므로 각종 인터넷 조사에서 준거자료로서의 활용가치가 충분히 있다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.4-4
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• 2008

The progress in flat panel displays over the last two decades has been astonishing. In just 20 years, the LCD-TV grew up from a 2-inch curiosity, to an industry that will sell about 120 million flat panel TV's this year, with viewing area up to 4000 times larger. That success is based on continuous innovation, especially in manufacturing processes. For the next decade to bring another doubling of the business, progress will need to continue in four major areas: Human factors, ecological impact, visual quality, and of course continued drive towards affordability. This talk will detail the technology advances that can allow this industry to meet those challenges. Human factors. Today, we adapt our lifestyle to our technology. People organize their offices, and their homes, around displays. We pass around mobile phones to share images, rather than experiencing them as a group. Billions of newspapers continue to be sold daily. Advances in flexible displays can lead to large portable displays. "New era projection" includes the handheld Pico Projectors that are already on the market, and will ultimately appear integrated in mobile phones the same way cameras do today. "Eco" impact. Today TV's are one of the top energy consumers in a U.S. home, and the fastest growing. Watching a large flat panel TV can cost twice as much as running a large refrigerator. With today's concern about energy consumption, regulations are starting to emerge worldwide to limit TV electrical use. Fortunately, good solutions exist in using light management films to eliminate bulbs, saving power without increasing cost. Going forward, LED backlights will drive another step downward. OLED displays might be the ultimate solution. Visual quality. The color of an LCD-TV is still often considered inferior to a far less expensive CRT. And almost all displays suffer from representing a three-dimensional world on a two dimensional surface. The technology to improve color is available today, and will likely move from premium sets into the mainstream as costs come down. 3D is now arriving in movie theaters worldwide, and that will drive up the demand for similar realistic images in home theaters. And the technology is emerging today for 3D representation to move beyond specialized applications into everyday use, on screens large and small. Affordability. The world takes cost-down miracles for granted in consumer electronics. Each of these other advances will be balanced with a drive for affordability, especially as the market grows in emerging countries. The other three challenges must be met without increasing cost. Putting this all together, the next few years will emphasize "eco friendly" designs, and enhanced images such as 3D. By 2013 we will start to see serious penetration by emissive technologies (OLED, high efficiency plasma, or other), with the "ultimate display" likely not in the market for a decade. Lots of opportunities for innovation remain ahead of us.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.159-171
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• 2016

목적: 서울특별시와 6대광역시의 안경원과 안과의원에 대한 의료서비스 접근성에 대해 연구조사 하였다. 방법: 소상공인시장진흥공단에서 제공하는 2016년 6월 기준 상권정보시스템을 활용하여 서울특별시와 6대광역시의 인구수와 가구 수, 안경원과 안과의원 개설 수 그리고 부동산(아파트) 기준시가를 통해 의료접근도 및 상권분석을 하였으며, SPSS 18.0 통계프로그램을 통해 비교분석하였다. 결과: 안경원의 업소 당 가구 수와 인구수가 가장 높은 곳은 인천광역시(가구수 2,227/인구수 5,723) 그리고 가장 낮은 곳은 광주광역시(1,146/2,979)였으며, 안과의원의 업소 당 가구 수와 인구수가 가장 높은 곳은 광주광역시(24,612/63,987) 그리고 가장 낮은 곳은 서울특별시(10,021/24,432)로 나타났다. 업소 당 가구 수가 낮은 곳은 소비자와 환자의 입장에서는 의료접근성이 높은 곳이지만, 안경원과 안과의 입장에서 수익성의 문제에 의해 경쟁이 치열한 곳으로 큰 어려움이 있을 것으로 판단된다. 안경원과 안과의 입장에서는 경쟁의 치열함으로 인해 치열의 큰 어려움이 있을 것으로 판단된다. 결론: 의료의 중심은 소비자와 환자의 입장에서 이루어져야 하며, 언제 어디서든지 원하는 시점에 가장 원활한 서비스를 받을 수 있는 의료시스템의 구축되어 있어야 한다. 그러나 서울을 비롯한 대부분 광역시의 공통적인 특징은 해당 지역 내에서도 유동성과 상업성이 고려된 지역에 편중되어 안경원 및 안과의원의 밀집되어 있었고 이로 인해 의료 접근도와 서비스가 불균형이 더욱 진행되고 있었다. 이를 해결하기 위해 인구수의 비율에 따른 안경원의 적절한 배치와 지역사회의 안 의료 방향에 대한 균형점을 찾는 산학의 깊은 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2001

The purposes of the study were to identify satisfaction and achievement of learning by female learner's characteristics, and to suggest measures to improve quality of education in internet education programs. In order to determine the educational effectiveness associated with the characteristics of learners, this study attempted to employ two way approaches by observing the degree of achievement for learning, which represents an instructor-oriented approach, and the degree of satisfaction for education, which represents a learner-oriented approach to enhance the quality of internet education for female learners. As an approach to evaluate the educational effectiveness, the degree of achievement in learning(Tyler's classical approach), and the degree of satisfaction for education (Scriven's consumer-oriented evaluation model) were utilized. A survey form was developed by the researcher after reviewing the various tools originated from Boshier, Cross, Gagne and Choi, and distributed to a panel of judges that examined the content validity of the instrument. The sample for the study consisted of 160 female learners from three universities in Seoul and capital area, and the survey form was used to collect data for this study. The SPSS WIN program was used in analyzing the data and a series of statistical tests were conducted including frequency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression, and factor analysis. The statistical significance level was 0.05. The following conclusion were drawn from this study of female internet education. First, it was evident that female internet learners tend to utilize information from internet, and this can be interpreted as participants' positive attitude, and voluntary participation. Second, educational facilities and services should be improved in the future, because the level of satisfaction was low in these areas compared to curriculum and educational methodology. Third, the participating factors influenced by the level of satisfaction for education of learner characteristics were the 'formation of inter-personal relationship and willingness to change' and the 'needs for education on internet', thus appeared that both social and educational needs influenced the level of satisfaction for education. Fourth, the degree of achievement in learning was higher in the order of 1) attitude 2) function 3) knowledge, thus, attitude change was the most important in achievement of learning. Fifth, the individual background that influenced the level of achievement in learning were age and educational experience. As for the individual level of achievement for learning, the younger and more educated group were more satisfied.

• 과학기술학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.95-133
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• 2018

2천 년대가 시작된 이후 전 세계적으로 메이커 운동이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 오늘날에는 서울을 비롯해서 지구촌의 주요 도시들에서 해마다 메이커 페어가 열릴 정도이고 참석자들이 날로 늘어나고 있어서 일종의 메이커 '현상'으로까지 볼 수 있을 정도이다. 메이커 운동이 가지는 적극적 함의는 그동안 소비자로만 머물게 했던 제조의 독점을 무너뜨리고 시민들의 메이커로서의 권리와 능력을 되찾게 하려는 운동이라고 할 수 있다. 오늘날 고도로 발전한 산업자본주의는 구조적으로 시민들을 불능으로 만들고, 손발을 묶어놓고 오로지 소비만 하는 존재로 퇴화시키려는 일련의 경향성을 가지고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 메이커 운동은 탄생에서 현재까지의 궤적으로 통해 볼 때 현재의 신자유주의적 제조문화와 구조적 긴장 관계에 놓여있다고 할 수 있다. 이 연구는 메이커 운동을 "비판적 만들기(critical making)"의 관점에서 적극적으로 해석하려는 시도이다. 메이커 운동은 1960년대와 1970년대 미국에서 나타났던 "대항문화"와 "신공동체주의"에까지 그 근원을 추적할 수 있다. 다른 한편으로 메이커 운동이 또다른 기술유토피아주의에 빠질 수 있으며, 소비사회의 한 영역으로 기능하면서 오히려 소비주의를 활성화시키는 방향으로 동원될 수 있다는 비판도 있다. 메이커 운동은 그 특징상 무정형적이며 현재 진행중인 상태이기 때문에 아직 섣부른 규정을 내리기 힘든 상태이지만, 그동안 과학기술의 소비자로만 규정되던 시민들이 메이커라는 생산자로 나서면서 과학기술과 시민사회의 지형에 큰 변화를 일으킬 수 있는 가능성을 보여주고 있다는 점에서 그 시민과학적 함의가 크다고 할 수 있다.