• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study compared to evaluation of repeatability of scanning abutment tooth stone model and impression applied CAD/CAM ISO standard in dentistry. Methods: To evaluate repeatability of scanning abutment tooth stone model, were repeatedly scanned to obtain 11 data via 3D stereolithography (STL) files. 10 data (STL files) were compared with the first 3D data (STL file), and the error sizes were measured by using 3D superimposing software(n=10). Also, the repeatability of scanning abutment tooth impression was evaluated with the same procedure. Independent t test was performed to evaluate the repeatability of scanning abutment tooth stone model versus impression through root mean square(RMS) and standard deviation(SD)(${\alpha}=0.05$). Results: $RMS{\pm}SD$ with regard to repeatability were $14.7{\pm}2.5{\mu}m$, $17.1{\pm}4.0{\mu}m$, respectively, with scanning abutment tooth stone model and impression(p=0.129). Conclusion: This study results showed a little different repeatability of scanning abutment tooth stone model and impression applied CAD/CAM ISO standard in dentistry, will suggest futures good studies and clinical advantages.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.100-105
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• 2017

Objectives: Localization of the mandibular canal (MC) and measurement of the height and width of the available alveolar bone at the proposed implant site in the posterior segment of the mandible using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients with a single missing tooth. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed where CBCT scans of the patients with a single missing tooth in the posterior segment of the mandible-premolar, I (1st) molar, and II (2nd) molar were used. The scans were assessed using OnDemand3D software (version 1.0; CyberMed Inc., Seoul, Korea) for localization of the MC asnd remaining alveolar bone both vertically (from the superior position of the MC to the crest of the alveolar ridge) and horizontally (buccolingual, 3 mm below the crest of the alveolar ridge). The findings were statistically analyzed using independent t-test. Results: A total of 120 mandibular sites (40 sites for each of the three missing premolar, I molar, and II molar) from 91 CBCT scans were analyzed. The average heights (from the alveolar crest to the superior margin of the MC) at the premolar, I molar, and II molar areas were $15.19{\pm}2.12mm$, $14.53{\pm}2.34mm$, and $14.21{\pm}2.23mm$, respectively. The average widths, measured 3 mm below the crest of the alveolar ridge, at the premolar, I molar, and II molar areas were $6.22{\pm}1.96mm$, $6.51{\pm}1.75mm$, and $7.60{\pm}2.08mm$, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females regarding the vertical and horizontal measurements of the alveolar ridges. Conclusion: In the study, the measurements were averaged separately for each of the single missing teeth (premolar, I molar, or II molar), giving more accurate information for dental implant placement.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.45
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• pp.341-373
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• 2001

This study seeks to identify the reform of vocational education plans so as to bring about a seamless transition from school to work. It puts forward a number of suggestions based upon an analysis of vocational education policies in Korean and U.S. schools, concerning the government's role, partnerships between education and industry, the educational system, curriculum and work-based learning. First, not only government initiatives but also close partnerships between education and industry are essential to help vocational education in school the transition to employment. Education and industry should work closely together to standardize certificate related skills and to have these skills reflected in the curriculum. Also the government should strive to provide guidelines for work-based learning and formulate standards for supervision and evaluation. Second, to facilitate the school to work transition, comprehensive schools should be promoted so that students have access to a greater ranger of vocational education. At the same time, an assessment system that certifies a mastering of the basic skills of those who undergo the education should be introduced, and it should be related to earn these certificates. Third, standardized vocational skills should be included in the curriculum so that students can acquire skills that are useful for industry. All the students in vocational and general high schools should have access both to general education, the foundation for lifelong learning and for employ ability, and to basic occupational skills which empower students in dealing with rapid changes of technology. Also a range of specialized vocational curricula should be offered so that students can opt for more specialized occupations; and they can select careers appropriate to their capability. Fourth, so that all students to have the opportunity to take part in work-based education, which is closely related to employment, various work-based learning programs should be offered to meet the needs of students and their educational conditions. Companies should for their part train students thoroughly in accordance with the standards of work-based education. In addition, supervisors should be stationed both in schools and companies in order to administer the students' work-based learning.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.577-587
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• 2018

The quantitative assessment of the seismic collapse risk of a structure requires the usage of an optimal intensity measure (IM) which can adequately characterise the severity of the ground motion. Research suggests that the average spectral acceleration ($Sa_{avg}$) may be an efficient and sufficient alternate IM as compared to the more traditional first mode spectral acceleration, $Sa(T_1)$, particularly during seismic collapse risk estimation. This study primarily presents a comparative evaluation of the sufficiency of the average spectral acceleration with respect to ground motion duration, and secondarily assesses the impact of ground motion duration on collapse risk estimation. By assembling a suite of 100 historical ground motions, incremental dynamic analysis of 60 different inelastic single-degree-of-freedom (SDF) oscillators with varying periods and ductility capacities were analysed, and collapse risk estimates obtained. Linear regression models are used to comparatively quantify the sufficiency of $Sa_{avg}$ and $Sa(T_1)$ using four significant duration metrics. Results suggests that an improved sufficiency may exist for $Sa_{avg}$ when the period of the SDF system increases, particularly beyond 0.5, as compare to $Sa(T_1)$. In reference to the ground motion duration measures, results indicated that the sufficiency of $Sa_{avg}$ is more sensitive to significant duration definitions that consider almost the full wave train of an accelerogram ($SD_{a5-95}$ and $SD_{v5-95}$). In order to obtain a reduced variability of the collapse risk estimate, the 5-95% significant duration metric defined using the Arias integral ($SD_{a5-95}$) should be used for seismic collapse risk estimation in conjunction with $Sa_{avg}$.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-102
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• 2015

This study would suggest to analyze the perceptions of good mathematics teaching in high school and offer the resolutions for the conflicts caused by differences in perception between teachers and students in math class through previous studies and comparative implications. To this end, Students are classified by their courses, grades, gender awarenesses and they were analyzed and compared by the survey results. Although the preference for the math class that fixs the misconception of students is highest, regardless of the kinds of students groups. Academic students, middle-ranked students, female students have high affinity for the class to evaluate the material covered in class and take into account their level of assessment and instruction, low-ranked student's preference is higher for the class that has focused on understanding communicating their thinking processes than students. From this, it is suggested that academic students, low-ranked students are needed to be taught in a way that increases their confidence, interests, values and also in atmosphere that make math class a positive experience.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.56-78
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• 2012

This study which is an alternative exploration for improving the quality level of instruction considering the perception of the teachers in early childhood education field on instructional design is to develop Differentiated Instructional Design Model coincides with the purpose of differentiated instruction curricula and with instructional design principles, and to find out whether the model has significant effect on development of teacher's professionalism. With these purposes, the perception of 343 teachers from early childhood education institutions are investigated, and after component variables are set by drawing the instructional design model available in early childhood education field and reviewing the literature of differentiated instruction model, the Differentiated Instructional design Model for Early Childhood are developed based on FGI(Focus Group Interview) expert evaluation. The experimental study of 88 teachers working in childcare facilities was implemented for effectiveness verification. As a result, first, most teachers consider the priority on making the lesson plans as the development of early childhood and Kindergarten Educational Subjects, and they realize the development of instructional design model which contributes on lesson planning and implementation is much needed. Second, the Differentiated Instructional design Model for Early Childhood are developed, which consists of the cyclic process - pre-lesson phase, lesson implementation phase, and assessment phase -based on development characteristics of early childhood. Third, the experiment of the developed model showed that the scores of experimental group is significantly higher than those of comparative group in knowledge and technique development aspect, and self-understanding development aspect among the aspects of development of teacher's professionalism.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.39
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• pp.23.1-23.8
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• 2017

Background: The aim of this study is to validate a new three-dimensional craniofacial stereophotogrammetry imaging system (3dMDface) through comparison with manual facial surface anthropometry. The null hypothesis was that there is no difference between craniofacial measurements using anthropometry vs. the 3dMDface system. Methods: Facial images using the new 3dMDface system were taken from six randomly selected subjects, sitting in natural head position, on six separate occasions each 1 week apart, repeated twice at each sitting. Exclusion criteria were excess facial hair, facial piercings and undergoing current dentofacial treatment. 3dMDvultus software allowed facial landmarks to be marked and measurements recorded. The same measurements were taken using manual anthropometry, using soluble eyeliner to pinpoint landmarks, and sliding and spreading callipers and measuring tape to measure distances. The setting for the investigation was a dental teaching hospital and regional (secondary and tertiary care) cleft centre. The main outcome measure was comparison of the craniofacial measurements using the two aforementioned techniques. Results: The results showed good agreement between craniofacial measurements using the 3dMDface system compared with manual anthropometry. For all measurements, except chin height and labial fissure width, there was a greater variability with the manual method compared to 3D assessment. Overall, there was a significantly greater variability in manual compared with 3D assessments (p < 0.02). Conclusions: The 3dMDface system is validated for craniofacial measurements.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Purpose : Thermographic inspection of infrared thermographic inspection of recent papers Western Medicine and Korean traditional medicine in the Department of infrared thermographic inspection purposes, the method is studied and compared. Methods : "Infrared thermographic inspection" was found searching paper side 51 centered below the contents of the retrieved articles were conducted. Results : In Western medicine. mainly associated with pain and neurological disorders in sensory evaluation after treatment was more frequent in the paper about a topic anesthetic primarily due to the nature of medicine is estimated to be actively used. Mainly in the Oriental sense of pain and neurological disorders are used to evaluate whether treatment is proven to be widely used in Acupuncture was demonstrated. But Western medicine, disease. mainly confined to the sense of pain and nerve pain and nerve sensations in Korean traditional medicine, but not only disease. as well as an assessment tool to observe the physiological changes of the body also was great. Conclusion : Thermographic inspection and further more for coverage of Western and Korean traditional medicine for the use of the infrared thermographic inspection methods and could see that there were some differences.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.157-167
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• 2011

Currently, interest on physical distribution is increasing due to burden of oil cost increases as oil price rises day by day. As interest grows, there are number of studies have been conducting on saving the cost of distribution. On the other hand, number of study on service of distribution is insufficient. Actually, subject of service of physical distribution have been studied by number of survey organizations, research organizations and mass media. Although, configuration for each organization is different from each other and it is hard to measure objective satisfactory factor of customers. This means needs for constructing standardized measuring tool as well as research on measuring service quality of distribution is not active. Therefore, this research is to compare and analyze compatibility of service quality measuring using SERVQUAL and SERVPERF and trying to clarify differences affected by importance service quality by each level to actual service quality. Also, this research is to make basic and standardized measuring model to improve quality of physical distribution especially using analysis of service quality and customer satisfaction of pallet pool service which contributes rationalization of distribution and reduce the cost by standardizing specification and size of pallet, allowing sharing of pallet. To conduct this research, case study of a company A is used where it is in a pallet pool business. Using this example, the goal is to give help on pallet pool business a strategic exercise if the business by point out major factors that affect customer satisfaction by collecting customer assessment along with examination of SERVQUAL and SERVPERF in measuring service quality if pallet pool service.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.204-209
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• 2012

PURPOSE. The aim of this systematic review is to address treatment outcomes of Mandibular implant overdentures relative to implant survival rate, maintenance and complications, and patient satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A systematic literature search was conducted by a PubMed search strategy and hand-searching of relevant journals from included studies. Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT) and comparative clinical trial studies on mandibular implant overdentures until August, 2010 were selected. Eleven studies from 1098 studies were finally selected and data were analyzed relative to number of implants. RESULTS. Six studies presented the data of the implant survival rate which ranged from 95% to 100% for 2 and 4 implant group and from 81.8% to 96.1% for 1 and 2 implant group. One study, which statistically compared implant survival rate showed no significant differences relative to the number of implants. The most common type of prosthetic maintenance and complications were replacement or reattaching of loose clips for 2 and 4 implant group, and denture repair due to the fracture around an implant for 1 and 2 implant groups. Most studies showed no significant differences in the rate of prosthetic maintenance and complication, and patient satisfaction regardless the number of implants. CONCLUSION. The implant survival rate of mandibular overdentures is high regardless of the number of implants. Denture maintenance is likely not inflenced substantially by the number of implants and patient satisfaction is typically high again regardless os the number of implants.