• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2012

The purposes of this study was to investigate the relationship and interaction between infant temperament, development, mother's parenting stress and social support on mother's self-efficacy. Participants in this study included 1610 infants (825 boys, 785 girls) and their mothers. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, infant temperament demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Lower levels of infant temperament indicated lower levels of self-efficacy, and higher levels of infant temperament indicated higher levels of self-efficacy. Second, infant development demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Greater communicative and social interaction between mother and child demonstrated a higher level of maternal self-efficacy. Third, mothers' parenting stress demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Higher levels of parenting stress demonstrated lower levels of maternal self-efficacy. Forth, Social support demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Greater levels of social support demonstrated lower level of maternal self-efficacy. Fifth, the greatest single relationship effecting mother's self-efficacy was mother's parenting stress. This research suggests the need for development of diverse social policies and programs to help mothers reduce maternal parenting stress and support the development of positive parenting skills with the goal of boosting mother's self-efficacy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.191-201
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the learning outcome of problem-based learning as an efficient teaching method to improve the competencies of great talents for future society. A general education course of a university that was one of teaching profession courses titled "prevention of school violence and countermeasures" was provided in the form of PBL, and data were gathered, which were reflective journals, evaluation sheet and observational journals. As a result, PBL produced learning effects such as understanding and applying learning contents, fostering cooperativeness, problem-solving skills and a sense of responsibility, extended thinking and good understanding of PBL. Also, that provided a great opportunity for the students to build up their character by learning caring and by improving cooperativeness, a sense of responsibility and communicative competency, which preservice teachers should have. The findings of the study suggest that the expansion of PBL is necessary to bolster problem- solving skills, self-directed learning, cooperativeness and creativity that are competencies required in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.24-32
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• 2013

This paper determined students' ranks of difficulty on the use of materials in terms of 1) understanding the layout of the learning materials, 2) reading comprehension of the learning materials, and 3) realization on relevance to needs of the learning materials. It also determined students' 4) rank and frequency of attitude on the materials. With the data gathered through 128 survey questionnaires, 7 focused group discussions, and 10 interviews, the results were found out that there was an inappropriate assessment procedure set by this particular university. The researcher concludes that: 1) design of four types of classes by just using the two textbooks with their respective workbooks is grammar-based with limited conversation activities; 2) placement for these students in one big class size was implemented without considering their common interest and motivation and language levels; and, 3) qualification of teachers teaching these EFL students did not support students' real needs and the language program itself. Content professors who were made to teach may have the ability to input learning, but their teaching styles may differ from the ones who are real English teachers. This paper then recommends that teachers and school administration should have an appropriate placement exam before students attend the class, especially in a big class size. There could only be a few problems among students in one big class size when students' level of competence is proportioned. With this, topics and conversation activities can even be more flexible with the maneuver of art of questioning, various dimensions of thinking, strategic competence, learning attitude or behavior, etc. to ensure sustenance of communicative mode and level of interest and motivation in the classroom. Grammar-based instruction can only be taught when a need arises. Thus, the course description of each class will be able to transact the objectives ready for developing students' communication competence. Moreover, proper measurement can be utilized to validly assess the amount of students' learning and the progress of language curriculum design in terms of materials selection and teaching approach.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.361-373
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a teaching-learning plan of apartment house class to improve middle school students' empathy for home economics education and to verify its effect. The study was conducted in five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation using the ADDIE model. In the analysis phase, the study set learning objectives after analyzing how community housing is dealt with in the 2015 revised home economics curriculum and 12 current technology and home economics textbooks. In the design and development stage, in order to evaluate the validity of the experts and to improve the empathy ability, the study goal design, the composition of the learning elements, the development of the learning materials, and the pre and post-questionnaire for the students were developed. In the implementation stage, the empathic ability evaluation was carried out before and after the beginning of the first class by applying the teaching-learning process plan of the 8th class. In the evaluation stage, we examined whether the teaching-learning process developed in this study has a significant effect on empathy ability by evaluating the pre-post difference of empathy ability. As a result of examining the results of the pre - and post - evaluation of empathy ability for the results of this study, both cognitive and communicative factors were improved, and the apartment house class had a significant effect on the improvement of empathy ability.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.242-247
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• 2017

The foster care system is a social welfare service that supplements the functions of the family while enabling children, who cannot receive proper care from their biological parents, to receive the necessary protection under the plan within the prescribed period of time within a substitute or foster family. A large part of the emotional instability experienced by foster care children is interpersonal maladjustment. Low self-esteem leads to difficulty in forming social relationships due to negative interpersonal relationships. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of traditional dance programs on the foster children who live in Daejeon Metropolitan City. A comparison between the pre- and post-interpersonal scores showed that the scores were improved after the traditional dance program, and the children's intimacy formation and communication were also improved. The participants were less active at the beginning of the program, but became more interested and more active toward the middle of the program. The majority of the participants increased their degree of communication with the formation of intimacy toward the middle of the program, and their self-confidence improved in terms of their peer relationships. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of traditional dancing on the development of interpersonal relationships. In a subsequent study, a traditional dancing program consisting of various contents will be applied over a long period of time, which should provide them with the opportunity to improve their interpersonal skills. In addition, it is necessary to provide educational opportunities for helping foster children reduce their emotional instability with systemic and diverse traditional dance programs.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.121-143
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to find out the relation between infant teacher attachment or infant gesture and infant language development. The study was conducted with infants aged between 18 and 24 months and their 84 teachers of 63 home day care centers and infant day care centers in J city, Jeollabukdo. The results of the study are as follows. First, there was positive correlation between infant teacher attachment and infant language development. Looking at the types of infant teacher attachment showed that positive emotion, contact-seeking, self-sacrifice genialities, approach-seeking, solidarity, and expectation had positive correlation with receptive and expressive language, protection had positive correlation with receptive language, and only indifference had negative correlation with receptive language. Second, of sub-factors of infant gesture, directive gesture had negative correlation with receptive language, and customary and representational gesture had positive correlation with expressive language. Third, according to the results of the study of the effects of infant teacher attachment and infant gesture on infant language development, contact-seeking had the largest effect. Looking at the types of infant language development showed that contact-seeking had the largest effect on receptive language, and solidarity had the largest effect on expressive language. The results of the study showed that infant teacher attachment had larger effects on infant language development than infant gesture. It is expected to be used as useful materials to improve communicative abilities of infant teachers interacting with infants for infant language development.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to reduce the anxiety factors of fires by following evacuation tips in case of fire in an apartment household. This study analyzed the moderating effects of the control offices' competence in control on safety awareness and fire response. The study results were as follows. First, the residents and control staff's safety awareness had a positive effect on the fire response performance. This indicates that the higher the residents and control staff's safety awareness level, the higher the fire responsive performance. Second, the higher the control offices' control competence level, the better the apartment residents and control staff's safety awareness had a positive effect on the fire response performance. These results indicate that the higher the control office heads' leadership, the higher the apartment residents' housing satisfaction and that the more communicative the control office heads' attitude toward the residents, the better their attitude had a positive effect on the fire response performance. Lastly, the control offices' control competence was analyzed to have a moderating effects on the effect of the apartment residents and control staff's safety awareness level on the fire response performance. These results showed that the change in the model's R² value showed an increasing trend in stages as the value increased more in the stage 2 than the stage 1 and even more in the stage 3 with the interaction terms of the moderating variables added. For this reason, the control offices' control competence which was a moderating variable was analyzed to have a moderating effect on the effect of residents and control staff's safety awareness level on the fire response performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.98-105
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• 2016

Group play for sociality is a therapeutic method involving a mixture of various factors, such as targeted activities, perceptions, and physical mobility required in daily life, through group activities to encourage self-expression for the purpose of facilitating sociality. This study was conducted in order to verify its effects by applying it to autistic adolescents who lack communicative ability with others and ultimately to improve their interpersonal relationships and sociality. This study applied a single pre- and post-test experiment design to 8 autistic adolescents with lack of sociality who use a daycare center in Daejeon. The group play for sociality program consisted of two sessions a week for 7 weeks from October to December 2013 for a total of 14 sessions. The sociality of the adolescents before and after the intervention was analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. As a result of the study, the total grades of the E-CLAC and social maturity test showed significant changes from $39.88{\pm}6.78$ to $47.00{\pm}4.28$ and $49.96{\pm}28.00$ to $61.36{\pm}21.75$, respectively. In detail, there were significant changes in the sub-items, such as adjustment in group, following guidance, and increasing behavioral frequency. In conclusion, it was shown that the combined effect of the group activities, including group play for sociality and play activities taking into consideration the developmental stage of the participants, led to a significant improvement in the sociality of the autistic adolescents.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.154-159
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• 2020

In this study, we set the occupational satisfaction and communication ability of clinical dental hygienists as the main variables, and investigated the factors that affect communication within the organization to improve the work of dental hygienists. Self-reporting questionnaires were administered to 200 dental hygienists working in dental hospitals and dental clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from May 18, 2019 to June 12, 2019. We analyzed the data with Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05. Research results: Job satisfaction (r=0.193, p<0.05) and communication ability (r=0.404, p<.001) showed a significant positive correlation with intra-organizational communication, and individual communication ability (β=0.461, P<.001), which was found to have a significant effect on communication within this organization. Therefore, in order to improve the communication skills of dental hygienists, they should be proud of their work as professionals, enhance their job satisfaction, and be able to have a clear expression of their own intentions and effective dialogue. Efforts should be made to provide opportunities such as opening related lectures during internal education and maintenance education.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.423-429
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• 2013

The present study aimed to find the most sensitive placement of the skull to perceive speech through the bone vibrator in various protection methods while being exposed to noise. Twenty young normal-hearing adults (10 male and 10 female) participated in the study. As stimulus, Korean spondee words were presented via one of five skull locations (i.e., jaw angle, condyle, temple, mastoid, and vertex), while the participants wore one of four protection methods (i.e., ear form, ear plug, ear muff, and ear form and muff together) against white noise in one of four noise directions (i.e., 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees). The results showed: 1) there was a significant difference among the five skull locations with condyle being the most sensitive placement; 2) there was a significant difference among the four protection methods, with the ear form plus ear muff condition (or dual protection) providing the lowest threshold; 3) when exposed to noise from 90 degrees, the significantly lowest threshold was found; 4) there was no significant difference in results by gender. The pattern of results suggests that the communicative condition via the condyle bone conduction and the dual protection of the air conduction under any noise direction might be ideal for preventing noise-induced hearing loss, although further studies should be undertaken in this area.