• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.167-179
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• 2009

Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases and it causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. While antihypertensive drug use increased, it took 15% of national health insurance drug expenditure. This study aimed to examine the pattern of antihypertensive drug prescription using National Health Insurance claims database and compare it with recommendations of Korea Hypertension Treatment Guidelines. Among the antihypertensive drugs, calcium channel blocker(64.4%) was most commonly prescribed class, and diuretics(44.6%), angiotensin II receptor blocker(33.3%), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor(11.7%) was followed. Approximately 81% of antihypertensives prescription were without cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, and among the comorbid conditions, diabetes(10.7%) was most common. calcium channel blocker(62.3%) was mostly prescribed class for hypertension with angina pectoris, angiotensin receptor blocker(45.3%) with myocardial infarction, diuretics(70.2%) and calcium channel blocker(49.5%) with congestive heart failure. For Hypertension with cerebrovascular disease, calcium channel blocker(68.0%) and angiotensin receptor blocker(43.3%) were prescribed mainly. When it comes to diabetes, calcium channel blocker(57.2%) was still mostly prescribed and angiotensin receptor blocker(45.9%) followed. But in hospitals and tertiary hospitals, angiotensin receptor blocker(65.7, 66.1%) was mostly prescribed for the patients with diabetes. For Hypertension with chronic renal disease, angiotensin receptor blocker(59.5%), calcium channel blocker(56.5%), diuretics(54.6%) were mainly used. Average number of classes per prescribing was $1.89{\pm}0.89$ class, average days per prescribing was $33{\pm}19$ day. Among the hypertension without comorbidity, 40.5% of prescription was monotherapy and 58.8% of polytherapy included diuretics. Among the outpatient prescriptions, calcium channel blocker was the most commonly used class, and the prescription pattern in clinic did not closely followed recommendations of Hypertension Treatment Guidelines.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2020

This study multilaterally explores South Korean YouTuber Winter Library's book-related contents uploaded on one's channel. As science and technology have developed, now the ordinary people can produce their videos and share them online. YouTube has been the most popular video storage service, and many Koreans use and enjoy it as well. This study investigates book-related contents produced by YouTuber user Winter Library, often called BookTuber (Book plus YouTuber). More specifically, it analyzes Winter Library's various contents by 1) Components of YouTube Channel 2) Contents of Components 3) Components that help to increase reading rates. This study is contributing as it focuses on book, which is not so common topic in YouTube. As a result, the study discovers unique aspects of YouTube contents, and also explores the book-related industry in South Korea. This YouTube channel could be functional for increasing reading rates, especially among adults.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.550-556
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• 2001

The computerized cardiac analysis system, which acquires and analyzes the electrical activation signal propagating along the surface of the heart, is indispensible equipment for the open heart surgery and electrical cardiac study. In this paper, the design requirement and the electrical circuit analysis are performed to construct the multi-channel cardiac activation pre-amplifier necessary for a signal conditioning circuit. The general 64 channel configuration is expanded into 128 channels to enhance the spatial resolution on the mapped surface of the heart. The 128 channels pre-amplifier consists of input circuit, differential amplifier, right leg driven circuit and isolation part. It has distinct features; high voltage protection, leakage current limitation, isolation and the maximization of common mode rejection ratio with respect to the half-cell potential difference due to different electrode materials. The final pre-amplifier circuit is assembled with 8 boards, each of which composing of 16 channels.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.452-456
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• 2016

In this paper, a dual-channel readout amplifier array is realized in a standard $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS technology for the applications of panoramic scan LADAR systems. Each channel consists of a PIN photodiode with 0.9 A/W responsivity and a 1.0 Gb/s readout amplifier(ROA). The proposed ROA shares the basic configuration of the previously reported feedforward TIA, except that it exploits a replica input to exclude a low pass filter(LPF), thus reducing chip area and improving integration level, and to efficiently reject common-mode noises. Measured results demonstrate that each channel achieves $70dB{\Omega}$ transimpedance gain, 829 MHz bandwidth, -22 dBm sensitivity for $10^{-9}BER$, -34 dB crosstalk between adjacent channels, and 45 mW power dissipation from a single 1.8 V supply.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.887-892
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• 2017

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a technology that controls computer and transmits intention by measuring and analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) signals generated in multi-channel during mental work. At this time, optimal EEG channel selection is necessary not only for convenience and speed of BCI but also for improvement in accuracy. The optimal channel is obtained by removing duplicate(redundant) channels or noisy channels. This paper propose a dual filter-based channel selection method to select the optimal EEG channel. The proposed method first removes duplicate channels using Spearman's rank correlation to eliminate redundancy between channels. Then, using F score, the relevance between channels and class labels is obtained, and only the top m channels are then selected. The proposed method can provide good classification accuracy by using features obtained from channels that are associated with class labels and have no duplicates. The proposed channel selection method greatly reduces the number of channels required while improving the average classification accuracy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.59-67
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• 2011

Digital Contents have been considered as major parts in the areas, such as design, cartoon, video and etc. A number of Digital Contents are made with the works of popular computer program, Photoshop, and used in some courses of making works. Channel is obviously regarded as a high-level function among others in using Photoshop, even though it hinder a lot of users in understanding the way and the principle to use. Channel and Displacement Map have something in common, because they share the infoshade of channel. The infoshade is the information of 256 levels which consists of black and achromatic colors between white and black color. The infoshade of Channel is used as a concept of movement in Displacement Map. Displacement Map analyzes infoshade in 'Displacement map images' and transfer the pixels of original images under the application of displacement map. This means that the infoshade of Channel can be made for the application with characteristic of movement. This study was carried out to analyze the principle of application of infoshade in 'Displacement Map' with Photoshop. Thus, the central aim of this study is not so much studying engineering algorithm as studying and analyzing the principle of Channel's infoshade through studying how the infoshade of channel is applied in the work.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.341-345
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• 2010

WMN is one of efficient solutions to provide Internet services for users by forming wireless backbone networks with wireless links. The dominant technology for WMNs is the IEEE 802.11, which provides multi-channel and multi-rate capabilities. One of important issues in WMNs is the network capacity and it is essential to design a multi-channel protocol that leverages the network capacity. However, when wireless links that use different data rates operate on the common channel, the performance of high-rate links is severely degraded by the presence of the low-rate links, which is often referred as performance anomaly. In this paper, we propose a Tree-based Channel Assignment (TreeCA) protocol to mitigate the performance anomaly problem by distributing data rates over multiple channels. TreeCA performs channel assignments based on the tree WMN architecture to accommodate the Internet traffics efficiently. Parent nodes on the tree distribute their child nodes over multiple channels so that the performance anomaly is reduced. Through simulations, we observed that the proposed TreeCA outperforms the existing multi-channel protocols for WMNs.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.222-229
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• 2007

According to the advancement of multimedia compression technologies, high quality multi-media services are easily found in common life. Along with this situation, 5.1-channel audio service also has expanded the application area to home theater system and car theater system and consumer can easily take a chance to experience the feeling of 5.1-channel audio. On the other hand, terrestrial DMB service has been launched in Korea from Dec. 2005 as a handhold multi-media broadcasting service. However, multi-channel audio was not considered due to the insufficiency of bandwidth and the handhold usage. Lately, MPEG is standardizing high efficiency multi-channel audio compression technology for handheld broadcasting service, and several trial for application is introduced in Europe. In this paper, we would like to explain multi-channel audio compression technology, describe the implementation of the verification system for the multi-channel audio service over T-DMB and investigate the possibility of further realization of the service.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2012

In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), unlicensed users sense the licensed spectrum bands and opportunistically access them without interfering operations of licensed users. Especially, in ad hoc networks, the MAC layer plays an important role in coordinating unlicensed users access to the spectrum and, thus, a number of MAC protocols have been studied recently. In this paper, we comparatively examine MAC protocols in cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs). First, we categorize the protocols on the basis of common control channel (CCC) requirements and further review major implementations for each category. Then, we make a qualitative comparison of the protocols in terms of inherent characteristics and performance.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.732-744
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• 1991

In this paper, performance evaluation of the common channel signalling module which performs the message transfer part function of the CCITT No.7 in TDX 1 exchange is carried out. Simulation model is developed using SLAM II network nodes according to signalling mode and transrated into SLAM II statement, . The simulation results are compared with experimental results and analyzed in order to get the maximum throughput, processing delay time, bottleneck eiement. Also, in order to get the optimized structure of the CSM, simulation is performed on the vanous case, namely, change of the number of STB, change of STG bus or B bus speed, change of CSIOB, processing speed, change of the number of transfered message per one poll.