• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2013

After the Iraq war, the Korean government established an Iraq Peace and Reconstruction Division, 'Zaytun'. Zaytun division has been dispatched in northern Iraq, since August 3, 2004. As one of our missions, 'Zaytun Hospital' was built to support the demand for the insufficient medical facilities and supplies in Iraq, which was opened on November 27, 2004. Zaytun Hospital, equipped with modern operation room and general ward, has been composed of 12 clinical departments. Although we had many problems, such as difficulty of communication with Iraqis, connection with medical facilities of Iraq and risk of terrorism, we overcame these difficulties and were able to achieve our missions successfully. I wish that our special experience in Iraq are will be the guideline to other oral and maxillofacial surgeons, who want to help those individual in unfortunate areas such as Iraq.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.141-145
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• 2005

Hypoxia (decreased tissue oxygen tension) is a component of many diseases such as tumors, cerebrovascular diseases and ischemic heart diseases. Although hypoxia can be secondary to a low inspired $pO_2$ or a variety of lung disorders, the most common cause is ischemia due to an oxygen demand greater than the local oxygen supply. In the heart tissue, hypoxia is often observed in persistent low-flow states, such as hibernating myocardium. Direct "hot spot" imaging of myocardial tissue hypoxia is potentially of great clinical importance because it may provide a means of identifying dysfunctional chronically ischemic but viable hibernating myocardium. A series of radiopharmaceuticals that incorporate nitroimidazole moieties have been synthesized to detect decreased local tissue pO2. In contrast to agents that localize in proportion to perfusion, these agents concentrate in hypoxic tissue. However, the ideal agents are not developed yet and the progress is very slow. Furthermore, the research focus is on tumor hypoxia nowadays. This review introduces the myocardial hypoxia imaging with summarizing the development of radiopharmaceuticals.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2016

In this research, we performed to investigate the relationship between interpersonal relation, communication skills and work-related stress in physical therapists. The subjects of this study were consist of 388 physical therapists from general hospitals and medical rehabilitation centers in Gyeonggi region. Data were analyzed using the PASW 18.0. Work-related stress showed statistically significant differences according to the demographic characteristics of clinical experience. Interpersonal relation found significant negative correlation for work-related stress except job-demand stress. Also, this study found negative correlation between communication skills and work-related stress, and significantly correlated interpersonal relation with communication skill. The results of this study suggest that in developing programs to manage work-related stress for improving interpersonal relations and communication skills in physical therapists.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.424-429
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• 2007

The demand for pharmaco-economic data has increased since the introduction of positive list system for drug insurance. A survey was conducted for pharmaceutical companies, universities and hospitals to find the current states and barriers for pharmaco-economic studies in Korea. The results showed that even those who are in charge of pharmaco-economic studies at companies/universities had a limited technical expertise. Government should pay more attention to the education of the relevant manpower, and the production of national statistics needed for economic evaluation.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.175-184
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• 2019

Increasing the aesthetic needs of patients and decreasing the use of amalgam had led to increased demand for dental resin composite. Thereby, light curing unit (LCU) has become an essential equipment in dental clinic. To ensure long-term prognosis of photopolymerized materials, LCU should have a uniform and consistent radiant output and an emission spectrum that includes the active wavelength range of photoinitiators. In addition, when the correct use and thorough maintenance and repair of LCU are performed, the higher success rate of restoration using photopolymerization materials will be achieved.

• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.547-554
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• 2024

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have decreased through regular screening colonoscopy, surveillance, and endoscopic treatment. However, CRC can still be diagnosed after negative colonoscopy. Such CRC is called interval CRC and accounts for 1.8-9.0% of all CRC cases. Most cases of interval CRC originate from missed lesions and incompletely resected lesions. Interval CRC can be minimized by improving the quality of colonoscopy. This has led to a growing interest in and demand for high-quality colonoscopy. It is important to reduce the risk of CRC and its associated mortality by improving the quality of colonoscopy. In this review article, we provide an overview of colonoscopy quality indicators, including bowel preparation adequacy, the cecal intubation rate, the adenoma detection rate, the colonoscopy withdrawal time, appropriate polypectomy, and complication of the procedure. Because colonoscopy is a highly endoscopist-dependent procedure, colonoscopists should be well-acquainted with quality indicators and strive to apply them in daily clinical practice for the prevention of CRC.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.163-207
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• 2020

Korea has been positioned as the leading country in the industry of clinical trials as the clinical trail of Korea has developed for the recent 10 years. Clinical trial has plays a significant role in the development of medicine and the increase of curability. However, it has inevitable risk as the purpose of the clinical trial is to prove the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. Therefore, the clinical trial should be controlled properly to protect the health of the subjects of clinical trial and to ensure that they exercise a right of self-determination. In this context, the fiduciary duties of doctors who conduct clinical trials is especially important. The Pharmaceutical Affairs Act and the relevant regulations define several duties of doctors who conduct clinical trials. In particular, the duty to protection of subjects and the duty to provide information constitute the main fiduciary duties to the subjects. Those are essentially similar to the fiduciary duties of doctors in usual treatment from the perspective of the values promoted by the law and the content of the law. Nonetheless, clinical trials put more emphasis on the duties to provide explanation than in usual treatment. Further research and study are required to establish the concrete standard for the duty of care. However, if the blind pursuit of higher standards for the duty of care or to pass the burden of proof to doctors may result in disrupting the development of clinical trials, limiting the accessibility of patients to new treatment and even violating the principle of sharing damage equally and properly. In addition to these duties, the laws of clinical trials define several duties of doctors. Any decision on whether the violation of the law constitutes the violation of the fiduciary duty and justifies the demand for compensation of damages should be based on whether relevant law aims to protect the safety and benefit of subjects, even if in an incidental way, the degree to which such violation breaches the values promoted by the law and the concrete of violation of benefit of law, the detailed acts of such violation. The legal interests of the subjects can be protected effectively by guaranteeing compliance with those duties and establishing judicial and administrative controls to ensure that the benefit of subjects are protected properly in individual cases.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2000

Ginsenf Radix (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) has been traditionally used as a herbal medicine for many therapeutic or prophylactic purposes in the oriental countries such as Korea, Japan and China for at least two thousand years and also extensively studied in the modern scientific field of chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology. The herb is now also indicated for use as tonic or a prophylactic and restorative agent for enhancement of mental and physical capacities, in case of weahess exhaustion tiredness loss of concentration, impotence, cold limbs, during illiness anuor convalescence. Ginseng is commonly used in the form of detections, extract and powderl and ginseng products, in the form of capsules tablets and drinks. And also ginseng radix has been widely traditionally prescribed as an important comuonents of manny Chinese prescriptions or alone in various diseases and for health with its different dosages. Nowadays since rinsenf can be generally classified into food or medicine in many nations, it is very difficult to give any exact desnition on the dosage, which may be of particular importance in clinical applications. In addition, the establishment of the reasonable dosage is currently of great significance to meet the demand for such wide applications. Accordingly in this review paper we summarized the dosage of ginseng on the basis of oriental medical books oriental and western pharmacopeias and modern scientific clinical data. The recent survey demonstrated that the averare dosare of finsenf is considered to be three to four grams per day unless prescribed apart, while one to two grams per day in western countries from the western viewpoint of classification of ginseng as a medicine, surrorted by the dosage of not more than one gram per day in most clinical studies. For that reason, it seems likely that the dosage in western countries is ascribed to the safety of ginseng considering side or unwanted effects. Consequently whether the differences of dosage between oriental and western countries depend on dietary habits and races should be closely investigated. Besides, further studies on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ginseng components in clinical trials need to be done to decide optimum dosage of ginseng.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2009

Statement of problem: The increasing demand for esthetic restorations has been required developing new materials for tooth colored restoration. Ceromer(Ceramic Optimized Polymer) has some advantages over porcelain, and has gained increasing popularity in restorative dentistry. However, there is little information on the dimensional changes in a clinical restoration in moist conditions. Purpose: This study examined the dimensional changes in Ceromer restorations with a clinical crown shape that were fabricated in a clinical manner. Material and methods: The crowns for the maxillary central incisor were fabricated with two Ceromers($BelleGlass^{(R)}$ and $Targis^{(R)}$) using a similar clinical restoration manufacturing technique. A total of twenty specimens were prepared and immersed in distilled water at room temperature to allow for water absorption. The weight, height and width were measured at 24, 72 and 168 hours. The accumulated ratios of the changes were calculated and evaluated using a paired t-test and an independent independent t-test. Results: The dimensions and weight increased with increasing soaking time. $Targis^{(R)}$ showed significant differences in height and weight between 24 hours and the other times(P<.05). $BelleGlass^{(R)}$ showed significant differences in width and weight between 24 hours and the other times. The two materials showed different changing patterns of the dimensions but there were no statistically significant differences between them. Conclusion: The dimensions and weight of the Ceromer restorations were changed by water absorption. The clinical crown shaped specimen showed more complicated dimensional changes than the simplified specimens.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.108-123
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• 2010

Purpose: We analyzed the characteristics of women who gave birth at an obstetrician and those who received oriental medicine postpartum care, and investigated the level of their satisfaction to obtain fundamental data for Oriental-Western cooperative medicine treatment for postpartum care. Methods: The review was based on a 5-months' data, from August 1 through December 31, 2009. Information on age, labor record, level of education, and occupation of the patients who had received postpartum oriental-western cooperative medicine treatment was based on Electric Medical Record(EMR) of O O Oriental Medicine Hospital. The questionnaires were completed by the patients at the time of their discharge from the hospital. Results: The patients who were admitted to oriental medicine hospitals tended to be primiparae, and they were more likely to be younger women with higher education levels. The level of satisfaction on postpartum care program of oriental medicine hospitals was high. Conclusion: It is necessary to specialize the facilities, dietary formula, and staff training of oriental medicine hospitals through a survey of postpartum patients' demand and satisfaction level. In oriental-western cooperative medicine hospitals, it is needed to specialize the postpartum program for creating demand of premature delivery mothers.