• Korean Security Journal
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• no.23
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• pp.41-63
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• 2010

This study aimed to asses the relationship between shoppers' security need sufficiency and customer satisfaction on the quality of security services in Shopping Mall. This study gathered data from 485 citizen in five shopping centres at KyungKi areas. Collected data was analysed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, path analysis and multiple regression analysis with SPSS WIN 16.0. The results of the study yielded the following four perspectives. First, secure equipment and the service quality of security officers in the shopping malls have a decisive effect on customers psychological stability and crime prevention. Second, they are a strong influence upon customer satisfaction and operational security. Especially, the professionalism of the staff has a marked effect. Third, the service quality of security officers and secure equipment in the malls have an effect on operational security services and efficiency of secure services. Finally, this dissertation showed that the quality of secure equipment services and officers' mild In summary, the conclusion of this study is that secure equipment service, officers' mild manner and professionalism of the security officers affect the customer satisfaction measurement directly. They also affect customer satisfaction through psychological stability and the prevention of crime indirectly. In other words, the good quality of security in the shopping centres affects the using of facilities definitely.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.87-96
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• 2001

If we look at Korea's urbanization since 1960, only the urban communities like buildings have developed, yet the resting places for human itself have been ignored. Many people continuously felt alienated especially after the mechanization and started to demand for better living space. For that reason, it is essential for us to develop the resting places for human among the buildings in urban areas and these resting places could form the basis of new community. We have researched on street furniture and citizen's behavior pattern in resting places through references and internet surfing to propose a design concept for a new resting place and street furniture, Therefore, we would like to design a resting place in urban area considering human, community and environment. As a result, we have designed a resting place where citizens could interact with surrounding environment and let office workers enjoy the nature among the buildings in this resting place. People could always stop by and take some rose by enjoying the surrounding nature. The resting place consists of 5 zones- public square, environmental zone, communication zone, technology zone, and entertainment zone. Each zone has its own design motif to lead systematic street furniture and site planning. The resting place is formed in a specific region which is a prototype of a resting environment in urban areas in the future and it could be reassigned according to its regional condition.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to understand the character of concerned local area through using roadside space that is space for daily experience of citizen as target, extracting symbolic image reconsidering the historical and cultural character and clarifying the local identity on the basis of it. Through applying image of local symbolism and future-oriented roadside to street furniture, I tried to express local symbolism and through composing symbolic roadside of local that can be newly recognized as unique street, I tried to give a local symbolism and compose active roadside environment. Through providing basic material and actual design example, this paper tried to activate characterized local culture. As the method to approach design of symbolic roadside, the researcher divided local symbolic image into present local image and future-oriented image through selecting the roadside that historical element is lost and urbanization is achieved as target. The researcher characterized local roadside, using street furniture as symbolic tool of future-oriented roadside on the basis of symbolic image extracted from image evaluation testing. This paper has the meaning to suggest one direction for extracting symbolism when organizing distinguished roadside through applying symbolic image to roadside environmental facility, helping for of local resident's sense of place, his self-esteem and love for his hometown and public authority's establishing and promoting the policy concerned to the context of this paper.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.173-198
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• 2008

As we took a look at above, this researcher suggest following device to extend Korea's private security industry's area. First, it is necessary to extend private investigation law's area grafting private security together. Second, it is necessary it is necessary to think of private security's role related key figure law, corresponding terror law, Presidential Security Service Guard law. Third, as a draft of a proposed law related prevention flowing out of industry techniques among industry security related law, passed, it is necessary private security's diversity, subdivision, composition through an enterprise security, and private security industry area's grafting together. Fourth, a research about private security company's investment and professional area's bringing up as well as business's extension device should be groped for the security consulting though total system management service. Fifth, there are no big difference education course and purpose, duty about a security police man law and security law's unification, so it is necessary to drive forward actively unification through government organization's cooperation. Sixth, a paradigm shift should be occured about private security service among policeman, citizen, and private security guards. Seventh, it is considered the role of security association is important. Lastly about a matter communication between the National Police Agency, and Security Association, not only look at from an authority's angle, collecting information, corresponding ability but now it is considered to grope each other cooperation device together among organizations not only the National Police Agency but also, National Organization, National Intelligence Service, the prosecution, Presidential Security Service Guard, Army etc.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.4
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• pp.83-118
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• 2006

This study is to develop digital leadership in a field of national defense. Today, korean society is facing the crisis of national security. But national defense leadership is not show in the circumstance of national security crisis. As you know, national defense leadership is a process that make use of influence. Which means it converges people's interest and demands well and also show people the right vision of national defense and make them to comply the policy about national security. Because of the environmental change, our national defense leadership is having a new turning point. First, international order, which is under post-cold war, raises possibility of guarantee of peace and security in international society but also, cause the increase of multiple uncertainty and small size troubles in security circumstance. In addition, Korean society is rushing into democratization and localization period by success in peaceful change of political power went through about three times. The issue of political neutralization of military is stepping into settlement but still, negative inheritance of old military regime is worrying about it. In this situation, we can't expect rise in estimation about the importance of security and military's reason for being. So, military have to give their concern to not only internal maintenance of order and control and growth of soldiers but also developing external leadership to strength influence to society and military's the reason for being. So for these alternative I'm suggesting a digital leadership of national defense which fits digital era. This digital leadership is the leadership which can accept and understand digital technology and lead the digital organization. To construct digital national defense we need a practical leadership. The leadership has to be digital leadership with digital competence that can direct vision of digital national defense and carry out the policy. A leader who ha s digital leadership can lead the digital society. The ultimate key to construct digital government, digital corporate and digital citizen depends on digital leader with digital mind. To be more specific, digital leadership has network leadership, next generation leadership, knowledge driven management leadership, innovation oriented leadership. A leader with this kind of leadership is the real person with digital leadership. From now on, to rise this, we have to build up human resource development strategy and develop educational training program.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.105-111
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• 2010

This research aims to grasp the main factors of the image of Xi'an Ming City Wall Park and the harmony level with city walls and moat based on citizen's consciousness to improve the future design, field survey and the POE method are employed to analyze the image factor and harmony level of the Xi'an Ming City Wall Park. In the literature survey, the related materials were collected to obtain the most useful information for references, POE study of the Xi'an Ming City Wall Park were conducted. The instrument for survey is a questionnaire that includes a portion of questions regarding Xi'an Ming City Wall Park and the design intention of the surroundings of city wall. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS17.0 for Windows). Multiple regression analysis, and correlation analysis were employed along with the use of general descriptive data analysis. The factor analysis of the image of Xi'an Ming City Wall Park identified three factors, "environment" factor, "convenience" factor, "cultural aesthetics" factor, and the most important factor is "environment" factor. Among 14 landscape elements, paving, garden architectures and entrance spaces were identified as important variables which significantly affect the overall level of harmony with the city wall, and the space for rest; waterscape and paving were identified as important variables which significantly affect the overall level of harmony with the moat.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.109-120
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• 2006

Part of public arts, environmental builforms not only enhance the beauty of a building, but also serve to stabilize the citizen's psychology and as a landmark having intimate values with the city environment and symbolic meanings. Thus they do have sociocultural values as an original formative artwork. The purpose of this study was to suggest evaluation and review methods and an evaluation framework for environmental builtforms, which had legal binding under the building decoration system, to a local government to improve the quality level of urban environment. It will be such a distant goal of creating a desirable urban environment as long as environmental builtforms are merely regarded as an object to follow a vogue and a mandatory passage procedure. It's important to take a perspective of an expert to set up and suggest an evaluation system in the public aspects. In the study a consideration was made of the current systems and review criteria of environmental builtforms, which was followed by the development of a theoretical research model and of a framework for statistical evaluation by a group of experts. The questionnaire designed based on the theoretical research model was tested for validity and reliability. Its pilot test results were then analyzed to verify the hypotheses. The questionnaire collected twice were statistically analyzed in exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with the SPSSWIN 11 program. All the analysis results were used to come up with a final evaluation framework.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.43
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• pp.37-65
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• 2015

There has been discussions and investigation on the nexus between religion and citizen's supports for suicide attacks and terrorist groups conducting such acts. In terms of the relationship, there were two potent hypotheses attempting to explain the process and mechanism of the relationship: religious belief hypothesis and coalitional commitment hypothesis. previous studies examined these hypotheses have been carried out across different cultural, religious, and political contexts. Until today, however, there are still lack of concrete evidence, which is generated from empirical studies, supportive evidence for any of these hypotheses. Therefor this study aims to investigate the association between religion and popular support for suicide attacks by using a survey data collected from three middle east countries, Egypt, Morocco, and Pakistan. In analysis, a step-wised regression analysis conducted with a set of variety of variables considered to be related with the association. This study found that variables reflecting religious belief hypothesis, such as prayer to God, religious devotion were unrelated to support for suicide attacks. Yet, prayer time predicted reduced supports for suicide attacks. Further, attendance at religious services, thought to enhance coalitional commitment, predicted support for suicide attacks. Yet, it showed negative association with support for suicide attacks. These findings suggest that regular attendance at religious services and regular prayer have combined effects reducing on the willing to support for suicide martyrdom. However, this study findings affirmatively support for neigher religious belief hypothesis nor coalitional commitment hypothesis. Instead, it suggests the needs for further research examination on the relationship as well as corrections of these hypotheses. Finally, Implications for the research findings for preventing suicide attacks are discussed.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.1-17
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• 2008

This study is trying to analyse the private security prevention role of citizen, For this analyse the public opinion survey on the crime prevention of the private security was carried in Kyungnam area about the crime prevention system and the storage and institution, the role of the crime prevention of private security etc. So that, we have experimented a fact-finding survey about civil consciousness. The result of this fact-finding survey about crime prevention system is on the hand pointed out the circumscription of the police power, and the other hand they have the age-old ceremonies on the dependence about police system. Because the public security order needs the compelling power to maintenance the peace and this power is exercising only by police. They don't have the trust about the role of the private security as the crime prevention institution. But, they consider the private security is just for anyone in particular and special class by their demand. And also, they consider the private security is very expensive to utilize for their security in the everyday life. There for, some people have trust for the private security and if they have a chance for the security, they consider to utilize the private security for their safe life as an security agency. The private security has a powerful experts and so many high-tech equipments for the security. Thus, we have to find a solution to get the best out of it. Because the private security is also a part of crime prevention institution as the police agency.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.353-376
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• 2019

The study aims to analyze the factors affecting citizens' willingness to cooperate in police activities and to verify the intermediation effects of citizens' trust in police in these relationships. In order to achieve the purpose of such research, we selected factors that are expected to affect cooperation in police activities and police confidence by conducting a survey of 502 adult men and women living in Seoul and utilized them for analysis. The results from the analysis are summarized as follows. First, procedural fairness was confirmed as an influence factor on the cooperative history of police activities. In other words, it is necessary to have police activities conducted more fairly and citizens recognize them in order to induce cooperation from citizens, as the fairer police activities are shown to increase the willingness of citizens to cooperate. Second, it was confirmed that the level of citizen awareness of patrol activities and level of disorder in the community affected cooperation in police activities through the medium of police trust. It can be said that the more positively citizens evaluate police patrol activities, the more police confidence increases and this trust leads to citizens' cooperation in police activities. In addition, as the disorderly environment in the community improves, citizens' trust in the police increases, leading to civic cooperation in police activities. Based on this, the police trust was able to confirm that it had a fully operational effect. Third, if the procedural fairness of police activities increases, citizens trust the police, and this police trust leads to cooperation in police activities. In addition, it was found that procedural fairness had a direct impact on citizens' cooperation in police activities, so it was able to confirm that there was a partial selling effect.