• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between caregivers' child rearing characteristics including discipline method, child rearing confidence, attitude, burden, attachment, and cognitive stimulation and preschooler's behavior problems in poor, urban group. Method: A cross-section study design was used. Conveniently selected one hundreds and three preschool aged children and their caregivers who are under National Security Act were recruited. Data was collected using Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBC) comprised of nine sub-dimensions and caregivers' self report questionnaires. Results: Caregivers' discipline method was associated with behavior problems of child. The internalizing and externalizing behavior problem scores including aggressive behavior of children who experienced spanking were significantly higher than children who did not. In addition, Caregivers' child rearing confidence also showed associations with the children's behavior problems. Child behavior problems showed positive relationships with caregivers' child rearing burden, and negative relationships with child rearing attitude, attachment, and cognitive stimulation. Conclusion: Caregivers' negative discipline methods and low child rearing confidence showed significant relationships with children's behavior problems of poor, urban children. Nurses working in primary care and community-based settings are in key positions to address this problem and improve the parenting attitude of low-income caregivers and positively affect the behavior of their children.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2009

Purpose: The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to describe levels of father involvement in child-rearing and maternal depression. Method: Data were collected from 277 mothers who had one to three years old infant at 8 day care centers and 2 public health centers in S and B city. The instrument used for this study was a self-report questionnaire that included the father involvement in child-rearing scale and maternal depression(BDI). Results: The mean score for father involvement in child-rearing was $44.60{\pm}12.06$. For father involvement in child-rearing, there were significant differences according to chid birth order, father's education, mother's job, income, marriage satisfaction, support for child-rearing. The mean for maternal depression was $10.24{\pm}7.70$. For maternal depression, there were significant differences according to mother's religion, parent's education, father's job, income, marriage satisfaction, support for child-rearing. There is significant difference in the maternal depression according to the father involvement in child-rearing. Conclusion: Father involvement in child-rearing and maternal depression influence child development. It is essential to assess father's participation in child-rearing and maternal depression, to develop knowledge about role of father for child health.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 2004

This study intends to analyse the concept on the child-rearing of parents. Through analysis, several concepts on the child-rearing would be cleared, and therefore the groundwork of the theoretical framework can be constructed. The concepts were analyzed by the method of Walker & Avant(1995). The attribute of child-rearing is as follows; nutrition supply, affectionate mind, caring, growth development supporting, protecting, instructing, pregnancy, delivery etc. The proper child-rearing helps reinforce child development, mother-infant attachment, social disposition, parental-role contentment and family relationship. This study would be helpful to the establishment of child-rearing paradigm. And therethrough this result although helps construct proper child-rearing as well as theoretical groundwork.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore foreign immigrant mothers' experiences of pregnancy, childbirth, and child rearing. Methods: Ten married female migrants were selected by a purposive and snowball sampling method. Data were collected during the period from September to November, 2009 by individual in-depth interviews and all interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Results: Ten categories were induced: In pregnancy and childbirth domain, social support-request help to their own parents, social support-depending on husband and mother's in law, Enduring emesis-gravidarum in strange environment were extracted. In Chid-rearing domain, child-rearing overburden, lack of self-confidence on maternal role, child-rearing difficulties due to language barrier, lack of information and education on child-rearing, lack of accessibility to public health care services, expectation of child's assimilation in Korea, financial strain in child-rearing. Conclusion: This study provides basic knowledge regarding married female migrants' experiences related to pregnancy, childbirth, and child rearing. The findings of the study will help health professionals designing effective interventions for married female migrants with difficulties related to child care, parenting, rearing.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2004

Purpose: This comparative descriptive study was conducted to determine the effects of maternal employment on the maternal child-rearing attitude, child-rearing burden, and temperament and health related variables of their preschool children. Method: Samples were recruited in child care centers in Seoul, Daejeon, and Suwon. 209 mothers with children age of three to six participated. Result: Employed mothers showed more positive child-rearing attitude, but there was no significant difference in child-rearing burden, Also, maternal attitude and child-rearing burden were influenced by satisfaction on the employment state. Children's temperament subscales were not different in two groups. Breast feeding and compliance on vaccination were done better by unemployed mothers. However, home safety, experience of accident and hospitalization of children were not affected by maternal employment. Conclusion: Maternal employment has positive influence in some aspects. This study provides basic data for parent counseling and anticipatory guidance for employed mothers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.392-398
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was carried out to provide the theoretical understanding of mothers' child-rearing attitude and the eventual purpose was to contribute to the development of nursing interventions to help mothers have love-automous childrearing attitudes which will foster child development and enhance harmonious child-mother relationship. Method: The data were collected from April to september, 2002 by questionnaires with 130 married child-rearing mothers. Mothers' child-rearing attitudes were rated on the 5-point sclae of Schaefer's Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI). Result: 1) In love vs hostility and autonomy vs control, the score of love(3.79) is higher than hostility(2.64) and the score of autonomy(3.54) is higher than control(2.58). 2) In love- autonomous child-rearing attitude(3.69) is highest than hostility-control(2.75), love-control(2.70), hostility-autonomous (2.54) child-rearing attitude and the direction is autonomy→love. Conclusion: Nurses assess mothers' child-rearing attitude and provide teaching and counselling to help mothers to form love-autonomous child-rearing attitude.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare mother's caring-confidence, between primipara perception of the newborn, and child-rearing attitude and multipara. Method: The data was collected from 159 married mothers of newborns in the post-partum care center using self-rating questionnaires from November, 2003 to March, 2004. Data was analyzed using SPSS/Win program by t-test and Pearson Correlation coefficient. Result: 1) The mean score of mother's perception of the newborn, the newborn caring-confidence, and child-rearing attitude were .26, 3.13, and 3.43. 2) The score of the newborn caring-confidence of multipara was greater significantly than the one of primapara. 3) The score of mother's perception of tile newborn and child-rearing attitude of primapara were greater than the one of multipara but there were no significant differences. 4) There was a positive correlation between mother's perception of the newborn and child-rearing attitude and significant correlation between caring-confidence and child-rearing attitude. 5) The score of mother's perception of the newborn was significantly different according to the level of education type of family and delivery planned. 6) The score of caring-confidence was significantly different according to the helper, the history of delivery. 7) The score of child-rearing attitude was significantly difference according to the level of education and the birth weight of newborn. Conclusion: When the newborn care giver in the postpartum care setting is teaching the method of infant care to mother, there should be in consideration of the rearing experience of mothers. Mother's perception of the newborn, caring-confidence, and child-rearing attitude should be considered to develop the effective education program for mothers who have newborn. And its educational contents must be focused on the promotion of trust between infant and mother.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.182-201
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine a married nurse's experience of child rearing through being applied to phenomenological research method. By exchanging their experiences, helping and understanding one another, married nurses can work with delight considering their own present job as their lifelong job. In addition this study can help single nurses overcome the female crises such as marriage, childbirth, and child rearing they will experience in the future. The subjects of this research was 26 married nurses who work for a university hospital in affiliation in Seoul and have children. The period of materials collection was from Feb. 1st to Mar. 3, 1995. The method of materials collection was primarily to write down a questionary with openhearted contents. In collecting it, the respondents were allowed to say at their pleasure through further interview. The materials were analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method. The findings of this study are as follows ; 1) The responses of married nurses' experience of child rearing-[pleasure] [family solidarity] [maternal-infant attachment] [understanding] [toilsome]-were induced. That is, at once affirmative experience and hard experience coexisted. 2) The method of married nurses' child rearing-[rearing politely] [raising understanding] [having the sense of family community] [rearing with praying the heart] [careless]-were induced. 3) The support system of married nurses' child rearing-[having help family] [having help from others]-were induced. According to the above findings, the married nursed showed affirmative responses about their experience of child rearing, but at the same time they expressed painful when stayed apart from their children on account of their job or when their children were sick. In the method of child rearing, they tried to grow their children polite because there was much time for them to stay apart from their children. And they tried to give a better explanation in order that their children can have an independence spirit. They tended to compensate through frequent physical touch with their children. As the support system of married nurses' child rearing, they asked their parents or their parents-in-law to take care of their children, hired a nursery governess in their houses, or used a children's home, if they can't afford to. That is, the only one who has a firm sense of her profession, tries to inspire her accomplishment, and is receiving her husband' love and understanding is considered to perform two things simultaneously with harmony, having an recognition of lifelong job. Suggestions 1. The method to solve mental troubles on child rearing should be groped. 2. Their economical burden should be reduced by establishing children's home in their working places, and the increase of maternal-infant interaction should be contrived. 3. The chance of education should be offered in order that married nurses themselves might inspire self-conceit and professionalism on clinical nursing. 4. The familiar mood should be created through planning the programs to be accompanied with children as an annual event in hospital. 5. The part-time nurse system should be suggested to utilize. 6. The system of circulation working should be converted into the system of fixing working according to the characteristic of each department. 7. Programs for special activities such as learning foreign languages and computer should be supported positively.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in Korean child-rearing practices between the generations of young mothers and grandmothers. Method: The participants were 98 mothers who were 20 to 39 years old and had raised one-year-old child and 103 grandmothers who were over 60 years old and had raised their children in a small city. Data were collected through self-report questionnaire based on the Korean traditional child-rearing practice from Yoo(1986). The data were analyzed using the SPSS Win 10.0 program. Results: Of 37 items in the categories of feeding and weaning, health management and taboo matters, play, and baby celebrations, the grandmothers practiced 13 items (35%) more frequently than the young mothers. However, no generation differences were found in 21 items (57%), and 3 items were practiced more frequently by the young mothers. For the young mothers, there were 15 items (41%) which were practiced over 70%, 7 items (19%) which were practiced less than 30%. Conclusion: It seems that some Korean traditional child-rearing practices were transferred to modern child-rearing practices. Therefore pediatric nurses need to pay attention to traditional child-rearing practices for the best health, growth and development of children.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.486-496
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the awareness of child rearing among parents of children in early childhood and to provide fundamental data for parent education programs according to child rearing type. Methods: Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Forty Q items which were derived from a literature review and interviews with nurturing mothers were classified into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed using the QUANAL PC Program. Results: Four types of parents' child rearing were identified. Type I was named 'affection-respect type', type II, 'concern-rule compliant type', type III, 'solicitude-model type', and type IV, 'geniality-encouragement type'. Conclusion: For proper growth and development during early childhood, parents should have rational information and awareness of their child rearing type. Results of this study can be used as essential data to develop child rearing education programs according to parents' child rearing attitude.