• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.301-305
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• 2003

The effects of inorganic nitrogen sources such as KNO$_3$ and NH$_4$ NO$_3$ on cell growth and production of chlorogenic acid and eleutheroside E derivative were investigated in 5L bioreactor cultures of Eleutherococcus senticosus. The cell growth in the 1/2MS medium containing 15mMKNO$_{3}$. The fresh weight of cells harvested from bioreactor was affected by the concentration ratio of NO$_3$$^{[-10]}$ and NH$_4$$^{+}$ in culture medium. At the viewpoint of secondary metabolite production, the production of chlorogenic acid was affected by the concentration of NH$_4$$^{+}$ in the culture medium, but not by the total concentration of nitrogen sources in the culture medium. Futhermore, eleutheroside E derivative production was also affected by the concentration ratio of NO$_3$$^{[-10]}$ and NH$_4$$^{+}$ in the culture medium. Base on those results, it is suggested that cell growth and production of secondary metabolite(chlorogenic acid and eleutheroside E derivative) could be manipulated by controlling the total concentration of nitrogen sources and the concentration ratio of NO$_3$$^{[-10]}$ and NH$_4$$^{+}$ in the culture medium. medium.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.187-191
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• 2003

This paper reported the establishment of mass production system of adventitious roots of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus through the shake flask and bio-reactor culture. Induction of adventitious roots was started from the explants of germinated somatic embryos on half-strength Murashing and Skoog (MS) solid medium. The frequency of adventitious root formation was better in the explants comprising the basal hypocotyl parts than root explants alone. Among the different auxins tested (NAA, IBA and IAA), frequency of adventitious root induction was highest on medium with 0.5 mg/L NAA, and produced $16.3\pm1.9$ roots per explant. In shake-flask culture, deletion of $NH_4NO_3$ of MS medium was effective for induction of adventitious root compared with both full and half-strength MS media. Fresh weight increase of induced adventitious roots was performed well in medium with 0.5 mg/L IBA. When adventitious roots produced in shake-flask culture were transferred to 10-liter bioreactor, 5.5 times of fresh weight increase was gained after one month of culture. HPLC analysis revealed that the amount of eleutheroside E and E1 was higher in in vitro cultured adventitious roots than the 3 year-old field cultivated root barks of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus. The content of eltutheroside B was much lower in adventitious roots than that of field cultivated one.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 1998

Optimal feeding strategies in bioreactor operation of Scutellaria baicalensis G. plant cell culture were investigated to maximize the production of flavone glycosides by using a structured kinetic model which can predict culture growth and flavone glycosides synthesis in a rigorous, quantitative manner. For the production of baicalin and wogonin-7-0-GA, the strategies for glucose feeding into Scutellaria baicalensis G. plant cell culture were proposed based on the model, which are a periodic fed-batch operation with maintenance of cell viability and of specific production rate respectively, and a perfusion operation with maintenance of specific production rate for baicalin and wogonin-7-0-GA. Simulation results showed that the highest volumetric concentration of flavone glycosides was obtained in a periodic fed-batch operation with maintenance of cell viability among all the suggested strategies. In the periodic fed-batch operations, the higher volumetric production of flavone glycosides was achieved compared with that in the perfusion operation. It can be concluded that a periodic fed-batch operation with maintenance of cell viability would be the optimal and practical operating strategy of Scutellaris baicalensis G. plant cell culture for the production of flavone glycosides.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.378-383
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• 2004

Scopolamine and hyoscyamine are important anticholinergic compounds. To increase the productivity, we have selected various elicitors and developed culture system using a bubble column bioreactor (BCB). As the same manner of elicitation in flask cultures, the elicitors were introduced into BCB cultures and the productivity was investigated. Except the bacterial elicitor of Staphyllococcus aureus, the elicitors inhibited hyoscyamine production. In scopolamine production, the elicitors revealed different responses from the results obtained in flask cultures. The elicitors of KCl and Candida albicans less increased the production than flask cultures. However, methyl jasmonate and S. aureus showed stronger positive effects on tropane alkaloid production. In particular, S. aureus was the most effective elicitor on scopolamine production and the elicitor resulted in the highly increased production, approximately 10 times higher than the control culture.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.186-188
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• 2002

This experiment was carried out to know the effect of media and agar concentrations, aeration and growth regulators on rooting and acclimatization of the shoots harvested from bioreactor culture in Rehmannia glutinosa. Half MS media with 1.2% agar improved rooting and acclimatization of shoots. Shoots were effectively acclimatized and rooted well in case of aeration by using membrane filtered vessels. Shoots acclimatized in vessel with membrane Inter were healthier and had higher ex vitro survival rate than those without membrane Inter on plug tray. Addition of paclobutrazol 0.3-0.4 mg/L, to acclimatization media enhanced shoots growth and root development.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.392-396
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• 2009

Protocorms were newly formed from the culture of axillary buds, obtained in the seedlings of Dendrobium moniliforme in vitro. Its formation ratio was calculated to 43.7% on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L BA. To test their survival ratio, we gradually increased the inoculation of transplant populations from single to more than three, and then found that the ratio in three populations went up as high as 95.2% rather than those of one or two. In bioreactor, explant obtained from the axillary bud grew well in lower concentration as 1/4 MS medium, while clearly grew slow in a little bit high concentration as 1/2 MS medium. We found that the explant of axillary bud, obtained from the Dendrobium moniliforme seedlings, would grow five times after culturing in a bioreactor for six weeks in 1/4 MS medium.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.1
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• pp.158-162
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• 2012

The acclimatization of in vitro propagated plants is an important step to produce vigorous plants for clonal forestry and in vitro micro-environment may affect the growth in ex vitro condition. To monitor in vitro environmental effects on the growth in ex vitro condition, several culture systems such semi-solid medium(SS), temporary immersion bioreactor(TIB) and continuous immersion bioreactor(CIB) culture types were tested to compare for the growth of acclimated plants of Liriodendron tulipifera. Results suggested that morphological characters, stomatal conductance, evapotranspiration and chlorophyll contents of acclimated plants were affected by the different of in vitro culture conditions. CIB type of culture was resulted to the lowest value in the biomass of acclimated plants. Net photosynthsis rate of CIB was the same level as those of SS and TIB. However, stomatal conductance, evapotranspiration and $CO_2$ partial pressure in the intercellular air space were lower than those of SS and TIB. The amounts of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids were also lower than those of the other two culture systems. TIB, showing a little lower or higher value than SS in many growth character, is recommended rather than CIB to produce healthy yellow poplar plants in ex situ condition.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.117-118
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• 2000

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.221-227
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• 2011

This study was carried out to determine optimal medium conditions for mass propagation by bioreactor culture of ever-bearing strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa D.). Two different type of nitride were that mixed $NH_4NO_3$ and $KNO_3$ or added $KNO_3$ only. And nitride concentrations were at the 4 levels of $1/2{\times}$, $1{\times}$, $2{\times}$ and $3{\times}$ that was included $NH_4NO_3$ and $KNO_3$. Sucrose content ranged at 3 levels of $10g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, $20g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $30g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and medium pH were at the 3 levels of 4.6, 5.6 and 6.6. In bioreactor culture, medium that are included $NH_4NO_3$ and $KNO_3$ together in MS medium was suitable for mass propagation. Medium EC rose rapidly when the nitride concentration was increased. For that reason, plantlet growth was inhibited. Shoots of nitride $1/2{\times}$ concentration was 10.8 ea and $1/2{\times}$ concentration was suitable for shoot propagation. Fresh weight of sucrose $30g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was 3,101 mg which was heaviest and aerial and ground part were higher than the other concentration. Shoots were increased in proportion to the increasing concentration of sucrose. In the pH condition, from pH 5.6 to 6.8 were appropriate for the optimum growth of aerial and ground part of plant. From the results, in bioreactor culture for mass propagation, MS medium was suitable $1/2{\times}$ concentration that was included $NH_4NO_3$ and $KNO_3$ together, and added $30g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of sucrose, and then adjusted pH between 5.6 and 6.6.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.338-341
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• 2000

An internal membrane bioreactor system was employed for continuous succinic ac id production from glucose in order to prove its performance and practicality. Succinic acid-producing Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens required more $CO_2$ for the proper growth and succinic acid production in cell recycled continuous culture than in batch culture. The maximum productivity obtained in cell recycled continuous culture was about 3.3 g/L-h which was ca. 3.3 times higher than that obtained in batch culture.