• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.24 no.1_2
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• pp.167-178
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• 2007

This paper deals with the solutions of linear inhomogeneous time-fractional partial differential equations in applied mathematics and fluid mechanics. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. The fractional Green function method is used to obtain solutions for time-fractional wave equation, linearized time-fractional Burgers equation, and linear time-fractional KdV equation. The new approach introduces a promising tool for solving fractional partial differential equations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2008

We present a new version of the first return time test for pseudorandomness. Let $R_n$ be the first return time of initial n-block with overlapping. An algorithm to calculate the probability distribution of the first return time $R_n$ for each starting block is presented and used to test pseudorandom number generators. The standard Z-test for log $R_n$ is applied to test the pseudorandom number generators.

• Architectural research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2009

Since the late 1980s, the schedule technique applied to the construction industry around the world has rapidly changed from the traditional ADM (Arrow Diagramming Method) to the PDM (Precedence Diagramming Method) technique. The main reason for this change is to overcome the limits and inconveniences of the traditional ADM technique. The time-cost trade-off is one of the core scheduling techniques to establish the best optimized combination plan in terms of a relationship between the cost and schedule. However, most of the schedule-related textbooks and research papers have discussed and proposed applications of a time-cost trade-off technique based only on the Finish to Start relationship. Therefore, there are almost no consideration and discussion of problems or restrictions that emerge when the time-cost trade-off technique is applied to the PDM network that has overlapping relationships. This paper proposes the lead-time adjustment method as a methodology for overcoming some restrictions that are encountered when the time-cost trade-off technique is applied to the overlapping relationships of the PDM network.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.405-410
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• 2017

In order to study current-voltage-luminance and impedance characteristics according to elapsed time, a blue fluorescent OLED was fabricated. The current density and luminance gradually decreased in accordance with elapsed time and did not emit light after 480 hours, and the threshold voltage increased as time elapsed. The Cole-Cole plot was a semicircular shape of a very large size at 2 V of the applied voltage below the threshold voltage, and the maximum value of the real number impedance did not change greatly from 9314.5 to $9902.2{\Omega}$ as time elapsed. Applied voltages 4, 6, and 8 V above the threshold voltage showed a large change in the real number impedance value at the semicircle end to 9,678.2, 9,826, $9,535.4{\Omega}$ according to the elapsed time from 2,222.5, 183.7, $48.2{\Omega}$ immediately after fabricating the device. By increasing the applied voltage beyond the threshold voltage just after device fabrication, the energy difference between the device and the organic layer was overcome and the current flowed, the maximum value of the real number impedance sharply decreased. As time passed, current did not flow through the element even at high applied voltage due to degradation of the element, and even when the applied voltage was higher than the threshold voltage, it showed an impedance value such as applied voltage equal to or less than the threshold voltage. As a result, it can be learned that the change in the impedance with elapsed time reflects the characteristics due to the degradation of the OLED and can predict the characteristics and lifetime of the OLED.

• Architectural research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.71-77
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• 2017

Dynamic pricing refers to a system in which a tariff varies, according to a level of charging and applied time depending on time change. The power billing system used in the Korean Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) is based on time of use (TOU) pricing, which is one of the dynamic pricing systems. This paper aimed to determine the operational results of a variable refrigerant flow system, to which a new control algorithm was applied, in order to respond to dynamic pricing, in summer and the utility of the new control. To do this, real measured data was acquired from a VRF system installed in a building for educational purposes, where dynamic pricing was applied for about 100 days during summer time. At the maximum load operation time period in TOU, the new control minimized operation within the indoor comfort range, an increase in refrigerant evaporation temperature in the indoor unit and the number of revolutions in a compressor in the outdoor unit was limited. As a result, power usage was decreased by 11%, and the operational cost by 14.6%. Furthermore, measurement results using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) model, that represented satisfaction of thermal environment, showed that 82.8% to 90.4% of the occupants of the building were satisfied during operation when the new control was applied.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.724-729
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• 2001

This paper discusses the composition of the theory of reinforcement learning, which is applied in real-time learning, and evolutionary strategy, which proves its the superiority in the finding of the optimal solution at the off-line learning method. The individuals are reduced in order to learn the evolutionary strategy in real-time, and new method that guarantee the convergence of evolutionary mutations are proposed. It possible to control the control object varied as time changes. As the state value of the control object is generated, applied evolutionary strategy each sampling time because the learning process of an estimation, selection, mutation in real-time. These algorithms can be applied, the people who do not have knowledge about the technical tuning of dynamic systems could design the controller or problems in which the characteristics of the system dynamics are slightly varied as time changes. In the future, studies are needed on the proof of the theory through experiments and the characteristic considerations of the robustness against the outside disturbances.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2008

Small scale time-course microarray experiments are those which have a small number of time points. They comprise about 80 percent of all time-course microarray experiments conducted up to 2005. Several statistical methods for the small scale time-course microarray experiments have been proposed. In this paper we applied three methods, namely, QR method, maSigPro method and STEM, to a real time-course microarray experiment which had six time points. We compared the performance of these three methods based on a simulation study and concluded that STEM outperformed, in general, in terms of power when the FDR was set to be 5%.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1998

We consider G/M/1 queues with multiple vacation disci-pline where at the end of every busy period the server stays idle in the system for a period of time called changeover time and then follows a vacation if there is no arrival during the changeover time. The vaca-tion time has a hyperexponential distribution. By using the methods of the shift operator and supplementary variable we explicitly obtain the queue length probabilities at arrival time points and arbitrary time points simultaneously.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2003

ATM networks provide the various kinds of service which require the different Quality of Services(QoS) such as loss and delay. By statistically multiplexing of traffics and the uncertainty and fluctuation of source traffic pattern, the congestion may occur. The leaky bucket scheme is a representative policing mechanism for preventive congestion control. In this paper, we analyze the HOL(Head-of-Line) priority leaky bucket scheme. That is, traffics are classified into real-time and nonreal-time traffic. The real-time traffic has priority over nonreal-time traffic for transmission. For proposed mechanism, we obtain the system state distribution, finally the loss probability and the mean waiting time of real-time and nonreal-time traffic. The simple numerical examples also are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.124-131
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• 2015

Hyperpolarization methods are the most emerging techniques in the field of magnetic resonance (MR) researches since they make a contribution to overcoming sensitivity limitation of MR spectroscopy and imaging, leading to new fields of researches, real-time in vivo metabolic/molecular imaging and MR analysis of chemical/biological reactions in non-equilibrium conditions. Make use of enormous signal enrichments, it becomes feasible to investigate various chemical and biochemical systems with low ${\gamma}$ nuclei in real-time. This review deals with the theoretical principals of common hyperpolarization methods and their experimental features. In addition, more detailed theories, mechanisms, and applications of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) are discussed.