• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2023

본 연구는 학교공사의 공사기간을 산정할 때 공사 목적물의 품질 및 공사의 안전성과 경제성을 확보하며 공사의 규모와 학사의 일정, 지역여건(민원발생) 등을 고려한 해당 지역 또는 교육청에 최적화된 공사유형별 적정 공사기간 산정을 위해 A교육청의 학교시설 환경개선 공사사례를 바탕으로 공사기간 연장 사유 등의 사례를 분석하였다. 공사기간 사례 분석을 위해 A교육청 관할의 학교공사 분석 기상자료개방포털 자료 분석, 2단계 통계분석을 종합적으로 검토하여 학교시설 적정공사기간을 산정하는 것으로 설정하였다. 향후 학교시설 적정공사기간 산정을 다양한 사례 분석을 통해 합리적이고 체계적인 방법으로 산정하여 공사기간을 설정하는 것이 필요하다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.351-361
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• 2013

In this study the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to flow data in a water distribution pipe system to analyze the relevance between the flow observation dates, which have the outliers of observed night flows, and the maintenance records. The data was obtained from four small size water distribution blocks to which 13 maintenance records such as pipe leak and water meter leak belong. The flow data during four months were used for the analysis. The analysis was carried out to identify an appropriate analysis period for a PCA model for a water distribution block. To facilitate the analyses a computational algorithm was developed. MATLAB was utilized to realize the algorithm as a computer program. As a result, an appropriate PCA period for each of the case study small size water distribution blocks was identified.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 1994

This study tried to find the effect to the representation patterns of science concepts upon the momentum effect. The previous studies showed that the momentum effect is influenced by students' cognitive levels and the abstractness of test items. The representation patterns of science concepts are divided into 4 different types: quantitative and qualitative, verbal and image. The research method used in this study is time series design. The period is 50 days. The period is divided into "pre-lest", "intervention-test", "post-test". Pre-test period is 5 days and in this period class instruction does not exist. Intervention-lest period is 30 days and in this period class instruction exist. Post-test period is 15 days and in this period class instruction does not exist. The results showed longer momentum effect on the image-qualitative representation pattern than the other representation patterns. Qualitative concepts is formed better than quantitative. Momentum effects is not artifact but the essential characteristics of science study.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.70-84
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• 1994

This study tried to find the effect to cognitive structure upon the momentum effect. The previous studies showed that the momentum effect is influenced by students' cognitive levels and the abstractness of test items. The cognitive structure is examined by cognitive level and cognitive style. Cognitive levels and cognitive styles are determined by GALT and GEFT respectively. The research method used in this study is time series design. The period is 50 days. The period is divided into "pre-test", "intervention-test", "post-test". Pre-test period is 5 days and in this period class instruction does not exist Intervention-test period is 30 days and in this period class instruction exist Post-test period is 15 days and in this period class instruction does not exist. Field independent students showed longer momentum effect than field dependent students. Formal level students showed less ratio of decrease on post-test than nonformal level students. Momentum effects is not artifact but the essential characteristics of science study.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2002

In this study, the characteristics of long period waves are analyzed by field observation at Sokcho harbor on the eastern coast of Korea. firstly. the pressure data obtained from field observation are transformed into water surface elevations and the wave by wave analysis is applied to the observed wave data. also, we select long period waves by setting up the range 30-200sec, and suggest the relationship between ordinary waves and long period waves using the concept of the significant wave height. and, we examine the effects oft he long period waves on the rate of the harbor operation. The observation results demonstrate that the long period waves with heights of 1.2-14.6cm and periods of 35.8-162sec exist at Sokcho harbor. also, we found the rates of harbor operation based on long period waves are 61.8%-99.5% lower than the usual rates of 93.8%-100%.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.553-567
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 SPI의 문제점을 보완하는 측면에서 수정 SPI(MSPI)를 제안하고, 이를 서울지점의 가물분석에 적용하여 비교하였다. MSPI는 강수량을 이동평균하기 전에 정규화 하는 과정을 추가하는 경우로 SPI가 강수의 절대량을 이월하는 반면 MSPI는 강수의 상대량을 이월하는 형태를 가지게 된다. 서울지점 월강수량자료는 1777년-1996년까지의 것으로 각각 전체자료 및 1900년을 전후로 한 장기건조기의 전반부 및 후반부를 따로 분석하여 비교될 수 있도록 하였다. 그 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. (1) MSPI가 SPI에 비해 보다 현실적인 결과를 준다. 이는 1900년도 전후로의 장기건조기가 포함된 기록과 포함되지 않은 기록을 분석한 결과의 비교에서 확인되었다. (2) MSPI는 SPI에 비해 극단적인 강수사상에 덜 민감한 결과를 준다. 장기건조기의 전반부 및 후반부에 대해 MSPI를 적용한 결과를 비교하면 가뭄의 발생가능성은 보통 가뭄의 경우는 대체로 비슷하나 아주 심한 가뭄의 경우는 약간 줄어들었음을 파악할 수 있다(재현기간 약 18년에서 16년으로). 그러나 가뭄 발생 시 그 지속기간은 전반부에 비해 후반부가 길게 나타나고 있다(아주 심한 가뭄의 경우 약 2개월에서 2.5개월로). 이러한 결과는 상대적으로 극단적인 결과로 나타내는 SPI(아주 심한 가뭄의 경우 재현기간은 약 25년에서 10년으로, 지속기간은 1.5개월에서 3.5개월로)에 비해 보다 현실적이라고 판단할 수 있다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.218-225
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• 2005

In this apartment market, many apartments are being reconstructed within even less than 20 years from their first construction. This entails many problems in environmental and economical facets, for which many researches are under way in several institutions and universities. International cases show that the international trend goes for remodeling of maintenance, management, and repairing rather than new building. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of cost evaluation for establishing the time period of apartment based on durability of material and equipment while considering the economic feasibility of apartment, when remodeling as a concept of sustainability regarding building is being vitalized. This study investigates the proper period of remodeling in consideration of weight accruing to the LC(Life Cycle) and cost based on the standardized durability. The weight of cost, period establishment analysis, and LC according durability varies the data values of remodeling periods. The physical durability and cost from this data enable the investigation into not only the repair period of individual materials of the apartment but also remodeling period.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2016

This study considered about freaky design of men's wear in Edo period, and also compared and analyzed it to modern men's wear. The purpose for this study is to contribute to the development of modern men's wear by this analysis. Edo period was a male dominated period, so culture of showing off their powers appeared in their fashion as symbols of skulls, monsters or tattoos. Kabuki culture used this kind of social background and it incited the actors roles and clothes to become more famous. 2016-17 F/W, 2017 S/S modern men's wear expressed more various freaky design, so it was able to be classed as shapes, pattern, materials and total coordination. Edo period just expressed freaky design by symbols however, freaky design in modern men's wear is showing more various expressions. This study can conclude that freaky design usually shows weird, peculiar, scary and dampish images. Also freaky design showed in the persuit of various choices including parade of power in modern men's wear.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2024

Background: In today's modern world, longer working hours, shift work, and working at night have become major causes of the disruption of our natural circadian rhythms. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the type of shift work (rotating vs. fixed day), duty period (on-duty vs. off-duty), and working period within each shift (nighttime vs. daytime) on the circadian rhythm characteristics of nurses who provide direct patient care. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a purposive sampling method. Cosinor analysis was applied to analyze the actigraphy data of nurses providing direct patient care for seven consecutive days. The linear mixed effects model was then used to determine any variances between shift type, duty period, and working period within each shift for the nurses. Results: The mesor value did not differ according to nurses' shift type, duty period, and working period within each shift. The amplitude was statistically higher in on-duty nurses and in daytime working hours. The acrophase was significantly delayed in nighttime working hours. As well as nurses in rotating shift had experience. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the peak activity of nurses occurs significantly later at night while working and nurses working during nighttime hours may have a weaker or less distinct circadian rhythm. Thus, this study suggests that limits be placed on the number of rotating nighttime shifts for nurses.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.147-170
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• 2022

이 논문은 70개 수도권 시군구 아파트 매매가격의 주간 수익률을 대상으로 그 변동 순환과 현 정부의 집권 시기 등을 고려하여 전체기간(2008년 4월~2021년 8월), 가격 급등기 이전(2008월 4월~2018년 10월), 그리고 가격 급등기(2018년 11월~2021년 8월)로 나누어 확산효과를 분석한다. 이러한 분석으로부터 얻어진 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 확산효과에 대한 분석은 시기에 따라 기존의 연구 결과와 유사하기도 하지만 다르기도 하다. 전체기간과 가격 급등기 이전 시기에 대한 확산효과 분석은 수도권 아파트시장에서 '강남' 효과가 실재한다는 것을 보여준다. 반면에 가격 급등기에 대한 확산효과 분석은 이전과는 상이한 결과를 나타낸다. 순환 표본의 분석을 통해 계산된 확산효과 지수는 수도권 아파트 매매가격 순환의 하강기에는 확산효과 지수가 낮아지고, 반면에 상승기에는 그 반대의 추세를 보여준다. 확산효과 지수의 정점과 정책 개입 간의 타이밍을 보면 대체로 2017년에는 확산효과 지수의 정점 이후, 2018년과 2019년에는 정점 이전, 2020년 이후 정점 무렵이나 정점 이후에서 정부의 정책 개입이 이루어진 것으로 나타난다.