• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.427-431
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 어절별 중의성 해소 규칙과 trigram 통계 정보를 이용하는 혼합형 한국어 품사 태깅 시스템에 대하여 기술한다. 어절별 중의성 해소 규칙은 중의성을 가지는 어절들 각각에 대해 정의된 중의성 해소 규칙으로, 현재 중의성을 가지는 어절의 50%에 대해 작성되어 있다. 본 논문의 태깅 시스템은 먼저 보조용언, 숙어, 관용적 표현 등에 해당하는 공통규칙을 적용하고, 그 후에 어절별 중의성 해소 규칙을 적용한다. 마지막으로 중의성이 해소되지 않은 어절은 각 어절을 중심으로 하는 trigram 통계 정보를 이용하여 중의성을 해소한다. 실험 결과는 본 논문에서 제안하는 어절별 중의성 해소 규칙과 trigram 통계 정보를 혼합하여 중의성을 해소 시키는 방법이 높은 정확률과 넓은 처리 범위를 가지고 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• 대한수학회논문집
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 1997

Some formulas of the genus numbers and the ambiguous ideal class numbers of function fields are given and these numbers are shown to be the same when the extension is cyclic.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2007

Neuromagnetic fields were recorded from normal 10 subjects to investigate the time course of cerebral neural activation during the resolution of lexical ambiguity. All recordings were made using a whole-head 306-channel MEG (Elekta Neuromag TM Inc., $Vectorview^{TM}$). The observed activity was described by sLORETA (standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography) techniques implemented in CURRY software (Neuroscan). In the results, bilaterally occipito-temporal lobe was activated at 170ms. At 250ms was associated with bilateral temporal lobe during ambiguous condition, whereas in left parietal, temporal lobe on unambiguous condition. The left frontal lobe, temporal lobe were activated at 350ms for all condition. At approximately 430ms, was activated in right frontal, temporal lobe on the resolving ambiguous condition, in left parietal lobe, right temporal lobe on the preserving ambiguous condition. In conclusion, the cerebral activations related to the resolving lexical ambiguity were right frontal lobe and the areas of mountainous ambiguity were left parietal lobe.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.87-91
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of prosody of utterance of ambiguous sentences in patients with neurogenic communication disorders. Ambiguous words on which prosody may have an impact were used to investigate this matter. The characteristics of tone duration, pitch and intensity were analyzed to examine the characteristics of prosody in patients with lesions in the left or right hemisphere and normal controls. The whole process was recorded using a Praat 4.3.14 and for statistical analyses, two-way Anova and multiple comparative analyses were carried out using SPSS10.0 for Windows. The conclusions of this study are as follows: The length of vowel in homograph in Korean was different depending on the meaning and the duration of vowel was the longest in patients with lesions in the left hemisphere. There was agreed that they had problem of timing of prosody(Danly & Shapiro, 1982). On the other hand, there found that patients with lesions in the right hemisphere had deficiency of changeability in pitch. Among various acoustic parameters, this study focused on the duration which are closely related to suprasegmental characteristics of prosody. More acoustic parameters should be taken into account in future studies.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Negative laparotomy in patients with abdominal penetrating injuries (APIs) is associated with deleterious outcomes and unnecessary expense; however, the indications for laparotomy in hemodynamically stable patients with ambiguous computed tomography (CT) findings remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with negative laparotomy. findings Methods: Data of patients who underwent laparotomy for APIs between 2011 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who presented with definite indications for laparotomy were excluded. The patients were dichotomized into negative and positive laparotomy groups, and the baseline characteristics, laboratory test results, and CT findings were compared between the groups. Results: Of 55 patients with ambiguous CT findings, 38 and 17 patients were assigned to the negative and positive laparotomy groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the baseline characteristics or the nature of the ambiguous CT findings. However, the laboratory test results showed that there was a difference in the percentage of neutrophils between the groups (negative: 55.6% [range 47.4-66.1%] vs. positive: 79.8% [range 77.6-88.2%], p<0.001), although the total white blood cell count was not significantly different. The mean duration of hospital stay for the negative laparotomy group was 13.1 days, and seven patients (18.4%) experienced complications. Conclusions: Diagnostic factors definitively indicative of laparotomy were not identified, although the percentage of neutrophils might be helpful. However, routine laparotomy in patients with peritoneal injuries could result in instances of negative laparotomy.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.20-28
• /
• 2005

This paper investigates that the ambiguity of the boundary between interior space and exterior space in architecture appears universally in history and reveals the various aspects of ambiguous boundary in architecture. The space is formed by the relationship with the surroundings and the boundary of two opposite spaces is apt to be ambiguous according to lots of complex factors. Before Modern Architecture the boundary of interior and exterior space had a tendency to be ambiguous by modifying compositional method of material boundary, that is semi interior-exterior space, the reversion of interior and exterior space and space in space. After Modern Architecture the meaning of physical boundary in space is lost along with dissolution of boundary over the society and the boundary of space comes to be dematerialized by the technology and the change of space perception. The phenomenon of deconstruction in spacial boundary accelerate increasingly according to fluid space, mutually interpenetrated space, visual transparency and adjustment of layers. And contemporary technology is collapsing the meaning itself of space division fundamentally.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
• /
• pp.32.1-32
• /
• 2001

Up to now, many studies on human-machine interface with voice systems have been reported. However, in these systems, precise instructions are necessary for a robot to execute given tasks successfully. In order to make a robot friendly, more ambiguous instructions with some kinds of degree adverbs (, e.g., "move it a little", "lift it more" and so on, ) will be preferable. Therefore, we analyze the relationship between ambiguous instructions and the characteristics of instructed human motion in positioning task to design human friendly interface systems. Several experimental results show that adverbial expressions are mainly divided into three clusters corresponding to the displacement, and that instructors and perators have several differences in distance sense each other.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제27권7호
• /
• pp.800-808
• /
• 2003

The sensibilities of cotton fabrics were subjectively evaluated by 126 subjects with 7-points scale questionnaires using the 4-dimensions and 8-axes system, which was composed of adjectives such as ‘masculine-feminine’,‘new-old’,‘casual-classical’, and ‘ambiguous-arranged’. And the sensibilities of cotton fabrics were classified through the cluster analysis. Also, we measured color and physical characteristics, which were variables to have an effect on the sensibilities of cotton fabrics. The sensibilities of cotton fabrics were classified into 8 groups such as ‘feminine, arranged, and classical sensibility’,‘arranged, classical, and old sensibility’,‘feminine sensibility’,‘new, feminine, and ambiguous sensibility’,‘casual and new sensibility’, and ‘ambiguous and old sensibility’The sensibilities of cotton fabrics were more influenced by color characteristics such as value, chroma, and hue than by physical characteristics.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.93-110
• /
• 2016

VP-ellipsis constructions in English can be schematized as S + [NP finite-AUX __ ] where the underlined part is understood to be a VP. Similarly, the pattern S + NP[-to] can be observed in Korean colloquial contexts. Though the English VP-ellipsis sentence pattern and the Korean pattern superficially seem to be similar, the Korean pattern exhibits peculiar properties: Syntactically, the NP of the pattern should have the delimiter -to. Semantically, it may convey ambiguous readings: VP-ellipsis-like and/or Stripping-like interpretation. To account for the pattern at issue, we propose a base-generated analysis driven by the delimiter -to within a construction grammar. We claim that the mother of the NP[-to] in this pattern is an S whose meaning is ambiguous between a VP-ellipsis-like and a Stripping-like reading. Consequently, the code of the VP-ellipsis in English is finite auxiliary verbs while that of the pattern S + NP[-to] in Korean is the delimiter -to.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.275-288
• /
• 2001

The sentences with the same surface word order may be realized with the pragmatically different meanings, depending on the contexts under which they could appear. Semantically, their meaning differences have been explained in terms of the different information structures (Steedman 2000), whereas prosodically, they can be explained in terms of the different compositions of intonational components which make their own semantic contributions (Pierrehumbert and Hirschberg 1990). In other words, the different intonation realizations of the sentences with the same word order reflect the different information structures. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the information structure and the intonational meaning by way of analysing the production of the sentences with ambiguous scopes of the English focus particle 'only'. In contrast to the previous quantitative approaches to the scopes of the focus particle 'only', two independent levels of information structure (Steedman 2000)-theme/rheme, and focus/ background-make it possible to consistently explain the intonational phenomena.