• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.313-325
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• 1999

This study aimed to classify the data of children's bodies into several clusters by principal component scores that were extracted through the factor analysis in the former study, and to describe the distribution and body characteristics of the clusters. The sample was 308 elementary school children aged from 6 to 8 and the anthropometric measurements were performed indirectly from the photographs of the subjects, which was the same as the first analysis. The data were analysed statistically using SPSSWIN Ver. 8.0. Through the statistical analysis, 3 clusters were obtained from the data. The first cluster distributed more in the children aged 7 and 8 than in the children aged 6. The somatotype of this group was the tallest among the three groups, and they were the most developed group compared to the two other groups in lateral component as well as in linear component. The second cluster group wasn't well developed in lateral components, and had lowest level in Rohrer Index, so this group had thin figures compared to the other groups. The third cluster revealed dominant distribution in the group aged 6, and the group had the least developed linear components but higher level in Rohrer Index. Each cluster group revealed peculiar somatotype that was dominant in one group but rarely in other cluster groups. Lateral views of these characteristics were showed using the average of the measurements of clusters.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2000

The objective of this study was to investigate nutritional status of middle aged Korean men exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and identify the risk factors related to IGT Data were collected from 163 men with a fasting blood glucose level from 115 to 139mg/dl(high blood glucose group: HBG) and 170 men with a normal fasting blood glucose level(control) aged from 40 to 59 years in both groups. Weight, body mass index(BMI) and percent body fat were significantly higher in high blood glucose(HBG) group than those of control group. Age, weight, BMI, percent body fat were positively related to blood glucose. There were no differences in exercise, smoking and family history of diabetes between two groups. Frequency of fat eating and overeating of HBG were higher than those of control group but frequency of sweet snacks intake of HBG was lower than that of control group. There was no difference in daily total energy intake in two groups. Total and supper energy intakes were positively associated with blood glucose. Percent energy intake of alcohol was significantly higher in HBG group and positively related to blood glucose, however there were no difference in daily intake of nutrients in two groups. Alcohol intake was positively related to BMI, but after adjusting BMI, there was no correlation between alcohol intake and blood glucose. Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher in HBG group than those of control group. Serum total cholesterol i,nd triglyceride were positively related to blood glucose and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was negatively associated with blood glucose. After adjusting BMI, serum triglyceride was positively related to blood glucose. In conclusion, weight, BMI, percent body fat and blood total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were positively related to blood glucose level of middle aged Korean men exhibiting impaired glucose tolerance. Their eating habits exhibited higher frequency of overeating, fast eating, high energy intakes of supper. (Korean J Nutrition 33(1) : 59-67, 2000)

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.47-63
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of an internal family systems therapy program aimed at increasing ego-identity of middle-aged women. The objectives of this program were for middle-aged women to differentiate the self of internal systems, to identify constraints impinging on an individual part, to release constraints impinging on an individual part, to harmonize the internal family, and to enhance ego-identity. 31 middle-aged women ranged in age from 40 to 60. Two groups were identified as equivalents for the study in the pre-test. The program of this experimental group was implemented twice a week for 120 minutes per each session over a 6-week period. The pre-test(Aug. 29. 2006), the post-test(Oct. 20. 2006) and the follow-up test(Nov. 20. 2006) were implemented in order to verify the effectiveness of the programs. The participants who were absent more than three times in the program were excluded from the post-test and follow-up test. Eventually, the data in 31 persons(15 for the internal family systems therapy, 16 for the control group) were analyze to verify the effectiveness of the program. The instruments used in the study were the ego-identity scale. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, simple main effect, post-hoc t-test, means and standard deviations. And the program was from Sep. 5. to Oct. 20. 2006. The findings of the study were as follows: The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on enhancing the ego-identity. There was a large increase of the ego-identity in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.525-533
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was designed to find out the effect of game and mandala convergence approach on the attention ability of the with school aged children. Method : The subjects of study were 30 children(11 male, 19 female) with school aged children who were attending in A, B community children center located in B city. The intervention was administered for 4 weeks : 3 times a weeks and 12 sessions in total. They were separated into a mandala group(n=10), game group(n=10) and control group(n=10). The experimental group was provided game and mandala program for 4 weeks. Each group examined though FAIR attention and concentration test. Result : The results of this study showed that the game and mandala program was effective to improved attention ability of the school aged children. Conclusion: This study concludes that game and mandala program had effect on the improvement of children's attention.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the effect of a CPR education program on middle-aged women's knowledge of and attitude toward CPR. It is a quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent control group. 58 middle aged women who participated in a vocational education program in S city were divided into the experimental group (n=29) and control group (n=29). The experimental group participated in the CPR education program once a week for 4 weeks. The data collected were analyzed using the SPSS program, frequency, proportion, chi-square test, and paired t-test. After the application of the CPR education program, the experimental group showed a significantly significant increase in their knowledge (t=10.39, p<.001) and attitude (t=8.94, p<.001). The CPR education program improved the middle-aged women's knowledge of and attitude toward CPR.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.254-261
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• 2007

Objective: This survey assessed the prevalence and type of sexual dysfunction in middle-aged women regarding sexually related personal distress and examined the prevalence of perceived sexual dysfunction and perceived partners' dysfunction by women. Methods: One-hundred ten healthy community-based middle-aged women participated voluntarily, and validated questionnaires of the Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Score(FSDS) were used. Results: The percentage of women having sexual dysfunction and sexual distress were 67% and 32% respectively according to the cut-off of FSFI and FSDS. The average score of FSFI was 23.5(s.d.=5.7), which was lower than the cut-off of FSFI, while the average score of FSDS was 13.2, which was in range of a normal score. When considering the two concepts simultaneously, the women were categorized into 4 groups: sexually stressed dysfunction group (24.8%), sexually depressed group(42.2%), sexually healthy group(25.7%), and sexually hyperactive group (7.3%). The percentage of women reporting sexual problems was 24.3%, while the percentage of women reporting sexual dysfunction in their partner was 29.9%. Conclusions: The results indicate a high rate of sexual dysfunction and sexual distress in middle-aged women. However, considering the relationships between sexual dysfunction and sexual distress, almost two thirds were in the sexually depressed group among the women having sexual dysfunction.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.275-289
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the middle aged's perception of aging and the degree of physical/financial/social preparation for later life and to explore the effect of the middle aged's perception of aging, who live in Gwangju & Jeonnam of Korea, on physical/financial/social preparation for later life. This research also explores gender differences in perception of aging, preparation for later life and related factors. For the purpose, the survey data was gathered from 424 middle aged (40's & 50's) citizens who live in Gwangju and Jeonnam, using structured questionnaire. The statistical methods used for data analysis are descriptive statistics, cross tables, t-test, correlations and regression with Spss/win 17.0 program. The major findings of this study are as follows: Most of the respondents perceive that the age of being aged is 65 or 70 years old. Respondents feel anxiety about health (84%), finance (57%) and roleless role (22%) of later life. Female group feel health anxiety more than male group. Many people perceive that social preparation for later life is better than financial preparation and physical preparation for later life. The result shows that female group perceives their physical preparation level more positively than male group generally. But, there were no differences in financial and social preparation between gender groups. Finally, the result shows the meaningful relationships between male group's perception of aging and financial preparation for later life. Monthly income is the most important variable predicting preparation for later life.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2012

This study was carried out to identify how a middle-aged woman's consciousness of the death and self-esteem was affected by whether the hospice volunteer's experience exist or not. As a form of descriptive research, this study, which is based on a structured questionnaire intended for the 191 middle aged women doing volunteer work at the non-profit women's organization, had been conducted twice from May 10, 2010, to May 21, 2010. The results of my research work is followed ; First, a middle-aged woman's consciousness of the death and self-esteem showed significant differences depending on whether the hospice volunteer's experience exist or not. Experienced hospice volunteer group showed a lower consciousness of the death and a higher self-esteem compared to non-experienced hospice volunteer group's case. Second, in case that the results show a high self-esteem, the consciousness of death reach at the low stage. Especially, the experienced hospice volunteer group showed an opposite correlation compared to non-experienced group. Third, Anyone's consciousness of death appeared at a low level when she had a religion and higher education background. Anyone's self-esteem oriented sense appeared at low level when she didn't have religion but rather appeared at high level when the health status of the targeted group was in a good shape. As a result, the hospice volunteer activities can be assumed to increase the middle-aged woman's self-esteem, therefore, turn the consciousness of death into a positive attitude.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.697-708
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• 2002

The purpose of this study deals with the profitable suit image design of middle-aged men by examining visual effects in physical design. The sample of this study is people who live in Kwangju, Korea and 20∼50age's men and women. And it is very variety in each population statistics factors the differences of physical design visual effect which considering the difference of sex and age, numbers of button, a figure and material pattern. The method of this study is experimentation. Accordingly, I used convenience sampling by considering sex and age distribution with the SPSS program for the data analysis. The difference of body design visual effect brought follow conclusion by demographics variability. The distinction of body design by sex and numbers of button, shoulders have similar differences only in men's group. The length has it both in man and woman's group. The dissimilarity of body design by age and the number of button, the shoulders have similar differences in 30 between 40 aged group and the abdomen has it in 30 aged group. The length has it in 20 between 40 and 50 aged group. In the three factors of body design by sex and shape either sex and pattern, both man and woman have similar differences by the pattern. Totally, number of button and pattern are very important clothes due to give an effect on whole visual effect man's suit. Also, these dues were felt differently by each types of body. Therefore, it is confirmed that the type of body is important that fluent to make people perceive.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.60 no.6
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• pp.654-660
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• 2017

Objective : Mechanical thrombectomy is increasingly being used for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The population over 80 years of age is growing, and many of these patients have acute infarction; however, these patients are often excluded from clinical trials, so the aim of this study was to compare the functional outcomes and complication rates in very elderly patients (age ${\geq}80$ years) and aged patients (60-79 years) treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Methods : Between January 2010 and June 2015, we retrospectively reviewed 113 senior patients (over 60 years old) treated at our institution for acute ischemic stroke with mechanical thrombectomy. They were divided into a very elderly (${\geq}80$ years) and aged (60-79 years) group, with comparisons in recanalization rates, complications, death and disability on discharge be reported. Results : The mean age was 70.3 years in the aged group and 83.4 years in the very elderly group. Elderly patients had higher rates of mechanical thrombectomy failure than the younger group (40% vs. 14%; odds ratio [OR] 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-11.9; p=0.012). Results from thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia and modified Rankin scale at discharge were worse in the older group (p=0.005 and 0.023 respectively). There were no differences in mortality rate or other complications, but infarction progression rates were significantly higher in the very elderly group. (15% vs. 2.2%; OR 8.0; 95% CI 1.2-51.7; p=0.038). The majority (92.3%) of the patients who failed in aged group were not successful after several trials. However, in half (4 of 8) of the very elderly group, the occlusion site could not be accessed. Conclusion : Patients older than 80 years of age undergoing mechanical thrombectomy for acute infarction were more difficult to recanalize due to inaccessible occlusion sites and had a higher rate of infarction progression, However, mortality and other complications were similar to those in younger patients.