Effects of Internal Family Systems Therapy Program to Increase Ego-Identity of Middle-Aged Women

내적가족체계치료 프로그램이 중년여성의 자아정체감 증진에 미치는 효과

  • 변외진 (영남권역 해바라기 아동센터) ;
  • 김춘경 (경북대학교 아동가족학과)
  • Published : 2007.10.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of an internal family systems therapy program aimed at increasing ego-identity of middle-aged women. The objectives of this program were for middle-aged women to differentiate the self of internal systems, to identify constraints impinging on an individual part, to release constraints impinging on an individual part, to harmonize the internal family, and to enhance ego-identity. 31 middle-aged women ranged in age from 40 to 60. Two groups were identified as equivalents for the study in the pre-test. The program of this experimental group was implemented twice a week for 120 minutes per each session over a 6-week period. The pre-test(Aug. 29. 2006), the post-test(Oct. 20. 2006) and the follow-up test(Nov. 20. 2006) were implemented in order to verify the effectiveness of the programs. The participants who were absent more than three times in the program were excluded from the post-test and follow-up test. Eventually, the data in 31 persons(15 for the internal family systems therapy, 16 for the control group) were analyze to verify the effectiveness of the program. The instruments used in the study were the ego-identity scale. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, simple main effect, post-hoc t-test, means and standard deviations. And the program was from Sep. 5. to Oct. 20. 2006. The findings of the study were as follows: The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on enhancing the ego-identity. There was a large increase of the ego-identity in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time.

Keywords

References

  1. 강정희(1996). 중년기 여성의 위기감 적응을 위한 사회교육 프로그램 개발. 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 석사학위 청구논문
  2. 김부(2005). 해결중심적 미술치료가 중년여성의 발달현상에 대한 태도와 갱년기 증상에 미치는 영향. 대구대학교 재활과학대학원 석사학위논문
  3. 김옥진(2000). 자아성장프로그램이 중년여성의 자아개념에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구. 서강대학교 학생생활상담 연구소, 21, 23-40
  4. 김은아(1992). 중년기 부인의 자아정체감과 생의 의미에 관한 연구. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  5. 박아청(1996a). 한국형 자아-정체감검사 개발에 관한 연구. 한국심리학회지, 15(1), 140-162
  6. 서봉연(1975). 자아정체감 형성에 관한 심리적 일 연구. 경북대학교 대학원 박사학위논문
  7. 송말희(1998). 중년기 주부 대상 가족생활교육 프로그햄 개발-성인미혼자녀와의 관계향상을 중심으로-. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 박사학위논문
  8. 송정아(1996). 사회심리적 변인에 의한 중년기 부부의 위기감 연구. 대한가정학회지, 34(1), 79-92
  9. 오금숙(2003). 중년기 여성의 자아분화와 결혼만족도 향상을 위한 집단미술치료사례. 영남대학교 환경대학원 석사학위논문
  10. 이경혜(1997). 중년 기혼여성의 역할적응과 자아정체성 형성과의 관계. 서울여자대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  11. 이경희(2005). 중년여성의 자아분화와 자아정체감간의 발달 관계 연구. 서울여자대학교 기독교대학원 석사학위논문
  12. 이규은 . 최의순(1999). 율동적 동작 프로그램이 우울성향 중년여성의 정서적 건강에 미치는 효과. 여성건강 간호학회지, 5(1), 43-53
  13. 정현주(2004). 자기성장프로그램이 중년여성의 자아존중감, 결혼만족도, 가족간 의사소통에 미치는 효과. 한남대학교 학제신학대학원 석사학위논문
  14. 차영남(2001). 중년기 우울 여성을 위한 대처자원 증진 프로그램 개발 및 효과분석. 충남대학교 대학원 박사 학위논문
  15. 최광선(1997). 중년기 여성이 보고하는 자아정체감의 변화-전업주부, 간호사, 교사에 대한 직종별 비교-. 사회 과학, 9, 159-182
  16. 하종성(1994). Clinebell의 성장상담 프로그램이 중년기 부부의 자아존중감 및 결혼만족도에 미치는 효과. 단국 대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  17. Breunlin, D. C., Schwartz, R C., & Mackune-Karrer, B. (1992). Metaframeworks: Transcending the models of family therapy. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
  18. Brown, R., Lewinsohn, P.(1984). A Psychoeducational approach to the treatment of depression: Comparison of group, individual and minimal contact procedures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52(5), 774-783 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.52.5.774
  19. Carlson, J., & Kjos, D.(2002). Theories and strategies of family therapy. Boston: Allyn and Bacon
  20. Dinkmeyer, D.(1991). Mental health counseling: A psychoeducational approach. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 13, 37-42
  21. Goulding, R. A., & Schwartz, R. C.(1995). Mosaic mind: Empowering the tormented selves of child abuse survivors. N.Y.: Norton
  22. Goulding, R. A., & Schwartz, R. C.(2002). The mosaic mind: Empowering the tormented selves of child abuse survivors. Oak Park, IL: Trailheads Publications
  23. Gordon, V., & Ledray, L.(1986). Growth-support intervention for the treatment of depression in women of middle years. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 8, 263-283 https://doi.org/10.1177/019394598600800302
  24. Gordon, V., Matwychuk, A., Sachs, E., & Canedy, B. (1988). A 3-year follow-up of a cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 2, 218-226
  25. Hughes, R. Jr.(1994). A Framework for developing family life education programs. Family Relations, 43, 74-80 https://doi.org/10.2307/585145
  26. Johnson, L. C, & Schwartz, R. C.(2000). Internal family systems: Working with children and families. In C. Everett Bailey (Ed.), Children in therapy. N.Y.: W. W. Norton and Co
  27. Kavanagh, D., & Wilson, P.(1989). Prediction of outcome with group cognitive therapy for depression. Behavior Research in Therapy, 27, 333-343 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(89)90003-X
  28. Levinson, D. J., Darrow, C. N., Klein, M. H., Levinson, M. H., & Mckee, B.(1978). The seasons of a men's life. N.Y.: Altred Knopf, Inc
  29. Maynard, C.(1993b). Psychoeducation approach to depression in women. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 31(12), 9-14
  30. Nichols, M. P., & Schwartz, R. C.(2004). Family therapy: Concepts and methods. 6th edition. Boston: Allyn and Bacon
  31. O'Neil, L. F., Strongin, D. L., & Schwartz, R. C.(2004). The development of a personality scale based on the intemal family systems model. Journal of Self Leadership. 1(1), 1-32
  32. Schwartz, R. C.(1987). Our multiple selves. Family Therapy Networker. 11, 25-31, 80-93
  33. Schwartz, R. C.(1988). Women and eating disorder. In F. Walsh & C. Andson (Eds.), Chronic disorder and the family. N.Y.: Haworth
  34. Schwartz, R. C.(1992). Rescuing the exiles. Family Therapy Networker, 16, 33-37
  35. Schwartz, R. C.(1995). Internal family systems therapy. N.Y.: Guilford Press
  36. Schwartz, R. C.(1999). The self-to-self connection: Intimacy and the internal family systems model. In J. Carlson & I. Sperry (Eds.), The intimate couple. Philadelphia, PA: Bruner-Mazel
  37. Schwartz, R. C.(2001). Intemal family systems therapy. In J. Carlson & D. Kjos (Eds.), Theories and methods of family therapy. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon
  38. Schwartz, R. C.(2003). Pathways to sexual intimacy. Psychotherapy Networker, May/June
  39. Schwartz, R. C., & Johnson, S. M.(2000). Does couple and family therapy have emotional intelligence? Family Process, 39, 29-34 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2000.39105.x
  40. Schwartz, R. C., & Norman, D. M.(2003). Maintaining self leadership with 'borderline' clients. Journal of Self Leadership, 1(1), 32-37
  41. Selmistraitiene, D.(1999). The effects of internal family systems therapy on psychological maturation of adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Vilnius University, Lithuania (Copies can be obtained through Tom Homes, Department of Social Work, Western Michigan University)
  42. Wasaha, S., & Angelopoulos, F. M.(1996). What every women should know about menopause. American Journal of Nursing. 96(1), 25-32 https://doi.org/10.2307/3465155
  43. Washington, O.(1999). Effects of cognitive and experimental group therapy on self-efficacy and perceptions of employability of chemically dependent women. Issues Mental Health Nursing, 20, 181-198 https://doi.org/10.1080/016128499248600
  44. Wilmoth, M. C.(1996). The middle years: women, sexuality and the self. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 25(7), 615-621 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1996.tb02121.x
  45. Zust, B. L.(2000). Effect of cognitive therapy on depression in rural, battered women. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 14(2), 51-63 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9417(00)80020-5