• 농촌계획
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.67-84
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• 2015

Although the bottom-up rural area development project was conceived with great expectations, the general evaluation of the project so far reveals that it does not significantly differ from projects carried out in a top-down manner. This paper examines the nature of the bottom-up rural area development project with a focus on its background, including the roles of authority and project participants. Results revealed that the project was designed to be implemented in line with the state affairs ideology of the leader in a negative position of bureaucratic society. Though the form of implementation for the project seemed bottom-up as seen in the process of the roles and authorities in supporting organizations the top-down method of implementation can be seen in the authorities and roles of the central government. It was also noticed that the private sector, designed to elicit participation of various experts, looked to be managed and controlled by public organizations. The abovementioned signifies that the Korea rural area development project has been implemented not in a bottom-up manner but rather in an ever-strong top-down manner, which means that the central government holds more responsibility for the project's results, evaluation, and discussions. Furthermore, as seen in the background of the project, policies have been implemented in a top-down manner without the confidence of the bureaucratic society. Therefore, in order to implement a proper bottom-up rural area development project, there is a need for the bureaucratic society to have confidence in the rural societies.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2014

2014년 1분기 국내 스마트폰 기반의 모바일 뱅킹 등록고객 수는 4,034만명으로 2013년말 대비 8.5%(316만명) 증가했고, 하루 평균 거래액은 1조6276억원으로 집계되었다. 또한 2014년 스마트폰 뱅킹 악성앱 발견건수는 1,440건으로 소액결제, 스마트폰 공인인증서 탈취, 정상적인 은행 앱을 악성 앱으로 바꾸는 등의 악성코드가 크게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 이렇게 금융 스마트폰 앱 사용자수 및 거래액이 증가와 함께 스마트폰 악성코드 등도 늘어나면서 앱을 사용하는 금융소비자들에게 피해가 날로 확산되고 있다. 본 연구는 은행, 증권, 카드사들을 중심으로 금융 스마트폰 앱 설치 시 요구하는 개인정보 수집 권한에 대한 실태를 조사하였다. 이 결과를 토대로 개인정보 수집을 최소화 할 수 있는 방안을 제시하여 금융소비자의 개인정보를 안전하게 보호하고자 한다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.119-169
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• 1993

In this article the present writers have surveyed recent cases on Warsaw Convention especially on the cases emerged in the years between 1986 to 1993. The cases before 1986 were discussed already in the book titled "Liability of International Air Carrier," written by Professor Choi, published in Seoul 1986. In this article the writers have reviewed most of the American cases and some cases from the courts of Germany, France and England. Main subjects which were discussed herein were as follows: Liability of air carriers in Warsaw Convention carriage 1. Exclusivity of the Warsaw Convention as a remedy 2. Warsaw Jurisdiction 3. The scope of the Warsaw Convention's definition of "Accident" under Article 17 of the Warsaw Convention (1) Mental anguish (2) Unusual or unexpected events 4. Adequacy of notice of the limitation of liability to passengers for injuries and death 5. Damages recoverable, punitive damages and burden of proof 6. The wilful misconduct exception; definition of wilful misconduct 7. Cargo and passenger baggage 8. Time limitation of actions After examining articles published world-wide, this article compiles and analyses recent cases involving the Warsaw Convention system. As Warsaw System is based on international convention, maintaining uniformity in interpretation is of utmost importance. Therefore, this type of study is essential for resolving air-transportation disputes in Korea. This article examines the current state and recommends the desired course for the Warsaw Convention. The writers hope that this article is helpful to the Korean courts and those in the air-transportation industry in interpreting the Warsaw Convention.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2012

본 연구는 정부의 정책패러다임이 '질 좋은 창업' 으로 이행되고 있는 추세 속에, 질 좋은 창업의 개념 정립을 시도하고 이를 통해 질 좋은 창업이 창출 될 수 있는 서식지 모형을 제시하고 있다. 연구결과, '질 좋은 창업' 에 대한 직설적 논의는 정책적으로는 태동하였지만 이론적으로는 아직 충분하지 않은 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구는 기존의 성공창업에 대한 연구는 부분적으로 진행 된 바 이러한 선행연구를 참조하고 미국의 대학창업교육 현황 분석을 통해 질 좋은 창업의 개념을 이론적으로 정립하고 이의 달성조건을 모형으로 제시하였다. '질 좋은 창업' 달성 모형 핵심은 질 좋은 창업성립요소 확보, 이의 혼합을 통한 준비과정, 그리고 이의 실행을 주도하고 지원하는 실행생태계였다. 이러한 모형은 이미 미국 대학교육에서 방대하게 실행되고 있다. 특히 미국 노스캐롤라이나주립대의 TEC 프로그램 사례분석을 통해 이를 검증한 '질 좋은 창업육성 시스템' 을 제안하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1774-1783
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• 2015

Milk lysozyme is the ubiquitous enzyme in milk of mammals. In this study, the cDNA sequence of a new chicken-type (c-type) milk lysozyme gene (YML), was cloned from yak mammary gland tissue. A 444 bp open reading frames, which encodes 148 amino acids (16.54 kDa) with a signal peptide of 18 amino acids, was sequenced. Further analysis indicated that the nucleic acid and amino acid sequences identities between yak and cow milk lysozyme were 89.04% and 80.41%, respectively. Recombinant yak milk lysozyme (rYML) was produced by Escherichia coli BL21 and Pichia pastoris X33. The highest lysozyme activity was detected for heterologous protein rYML5 (M = 1,864.24 U/mg, SD = 25.75) which was expressed in P. pastoris with expression vector $pPICZ{\alpha}A$ and it clearly inhibited growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Result of the YML gene expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the YML gene was up-regulated to maximum at 30 day postpartum, that is, comparatively high YML can be found in initial milk production. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the amino acid sequence was similar to cow kidney lysozyme, which implied that the YML may have diverged from a different ancestor gene such as cow mammary glands. In our study, we suggest that YML be a new c-type lysozyme expressed in yak mammary glands that plays a role as host immunity.

• 한국호스피스완화의료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2000년도 동계학술대회
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• pp.162-174
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• 2000

The purpose of this hermeneutic study was to investigate the meaning of "good dying" of Chinese terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwan; the factors related to this morning; and the strategies cancer patients used to ensure "good dying". Indepth unstructured interviews, prolonged participant observations, and review of clinical records were selected as the methods for data collection. In the four and one-half month period of data collection, the researcher was in the role of a full time clinical nurse specialist who directly took care of the subject patients in 4 hospitals and in patients' homes. The 20 subject were selected purposively according to selection criteria and various demographic backgrounds. Interview transcripts and field notes comprised the data for analysis. The results were composed by 3 constitutive patterns and 12 themes. Achieving inner peace appeared to herald the good dying state. The "good dying" for Chinese terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwan meant peace of body, peace of mind, and peace of thought. The constitutive pattern of peace of body included 4 themes: (1)minimizing the agony of physical symptoms; (2)short period of dying process without lingering death; (3) cleanliness, neatness, and integrity of the body; and (4) mobility. The constitutive pattern of peace of mind included 5 themes: (1) yielding; (2) non-attachment; (3) not to be lonely; (4) settle down all affairs; and (5) being in a preferred environment and enjoying nature. The third constitutive pattern of peace of thought included 3 themes: (1) getting through day by day without thinking; (2) meaningful life; and (3) expectation that the suffering would be ending. Through understanding of the terminally ill cancer patient' needs in their meanings of "good dying", recommendations can be made for humanistic care. The findings of this study have recommendations for care givers daily contact with dying patients and for medical and nursing education.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제1호
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• pp.123-134
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• 1997

Our conuntry have come out to the phenomenon to the atrocity crimes, make into a intellecture crims and specialization with them due to various change to the expension of economy growth, drift of population to cities and sense of value is plunged in confution, Now that things have come to this day, since foundation of the security guard law it first begin, ten years, civilian securities guard law was include to the civil service securities law due to amendment fo the civility secuties law newly on Dec. 30, 1995. According to the amendment, the part of the public peace of peoples livelihood were slough of the visual angle in knowledge which function of the civilies security were only be in under the government dimension were put in order to be tointly according to the such state of affairs, should found the consider a counterplan fundamentally regarding to the what to doing efforts foster the civilities securitylaw and qualitalive elevation of presidential guards. To make a long story short by few words, the question resolves itself into the following five points. The first, peoples arrengements for the attitude fo public duty service with devotedly Sustaining publicity work activities for the thire divert of the understanding of civilian security guard. The secondly, Existing security traders and security association should to support to the civilian security works. The third, The government office concerned should strengthen the licensing system in order to improve the quality of existings in order to may establishment newly systems of license and technical institute of regarding to them. The fourth, Should be newly organixed the exclusive organization of personal protective works in the police buroau for the sustaining development of civirity guard works and soundness of the upbringing. The fifth, It is necessary to found the reserch institute for the study on oretical, scholarly, study for the technical reserch and enlargement of effeciveness And try to find a solution to the Universitys function and duty, activity plan, support plan to the Department of security specialist for the come forward in succession it under the national assistance. The finally, I am sure that the Korean security association could be transiormed into the organization which reliable and receive a love from the peoples when doing best utmost to do pursuit of the structure to be a securitys legalism, specialization and total security systems.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.205-221
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• 2001

It will become more and more popular to use the long-term care facilities and home health care services with the chronic disease increasing. It depends on how much the consumers would pay and purchase the services. They might get more benefits from that kind of services than from ordinary hospitalization. So far, the study of determining the medical service price has focused most often on the efforts from the providers' view. But it must be reasonable to include the consumers' value for the service. This study was performed to assess WTP(Willingness to Pay) for home health care service in order to apply to the determination of nursing price in a reasonable manner. In this study, respondents were asked if they would pay for the service's intangible benefits under the four different types(open-ended minimum WTP, open-ended maximum WTP, bidding WTP, referendum WTP). The contingent valuation method is a potentially useful tool in understanding how people value the benefits of the service. As a result, average open-ended minimum WTP was W16,015 per day among 65 respondents. Average open-ended maximum WTP was W29,154 per day among 65 respondents. Average bidding WTP was W26,300 per day among 65 respondents. Average referendum WTP was W22,200 per day among 70 respondents. The results of regression analyses were also consistent with theoretical prediction, e.g., increasing WTP with consumers' value for the service, state of patients, and household income. This study demonstrated that it was more reasonable to consider the consumers' value in determining the services' price. In addition, a further study is needed to test the validity of this CV method and to determine a proper nursing price based on the consumers' view.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.660-672
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• 2007

오늘날 벤처기업이 우수한 기술력과 첨단제품을 보유하고 있다 하더라도 시장에서 지속적인 경쟁우위를 위해서는 여러 제반 여건이 필요하겠지만 그 중에서도 효과적인 글로벌 마케팅 전략은 매우 중요한 부분이다. 따라서 본 연구는 벤처기업의 특징과 현황 그리고 마케팅전략에 관한 연구를 고찰하고 2006년 12월말까지 등록된 벤처기업 중 총 200개 업체를 대상으로 직접 방문하여 설문지를 작성하였으며 그 중 154개 업체의 자료를 통해 가설을 설정하고 연관분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석결과 성장단계에 따라 제품, 가격, 유통, 촉진정책에 차이가 있을 것이다. 라는 가설과 매출액에 따라서는 유통, 촉진정책에 차이가 있을 것이다. 라는 가설들이 채택되었다. 벤처기업은 기술개발을 통한 차별화된 제품개발과 마케팅 활동에 가장 큰 비중을 두고 있으며 매출에 미미한 창업초기일수록 인적, 물적, 기술적 자원과 정보수집의 한계로 적극적인 시장개척과 판촉활동에 소극적인 것으로 조사되었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2013

As facilities performing the production, processing, preservation, and shipment of agricultural products; agricultural facilities are categorized into planting facilities and livestock facilities based on the management target. Agricultural facilities are set in farmlands, and facility users mainly complain about the legal or institutional restrictions on farm rather than their own facilities itself. From 2009 to 2012, the Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) published the "Casebook of farmer Complaints on Farmlands" in order to help answer farmers' questions and support public workers' workloads. However, contents related to agricultural facility installed in farmland are currently not dealt with in particular. Among agricultural facilities, demands of property rights with livestock facilities have risen due to construction permissions, operational restrictions, and high initial investment costs; and relevant laws were revised and are now being executed. However, for planting facilities such as mushroom facilities, ginseng facilities, and greenhouses; farmer complaints related to property rights are constantly increasing because revisions to relevant laws are not being made despite the rising diversity of construction materials through technical developments as well as the rising scale of assets-i.e. mechanization, automation, and the application of New Regeneration Energies according to capital influx. In this study, the current state of relevant agricultural facility legislation were organized and their drawbacks deduced in order to propose improvements of Agricultural Facility Legislation. The result of interviewing with public workers and farmers show that agricultural facilities should be regarded as extensions of farmlands rather than as facilities built in land where development actions were being taken. Alternatives able to reflect these opinions were suggested through expert consultation.