• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.751-758
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to implement 3D Face Model, which resembles a user, using 3D Graphic techniques. The implemented 3D Face model is used to further study and implement 3D Facial Aesthetic Surgery System, that can be used to increase the satisfaction rate of patient by comparing before and after facial aesthetic surgery. For designing and implementing 3D Facial Aesthetic Surgery System, 3D Modeling, Texture Mapping for skin, Database system for facial data are studied and implemented independently. The Detailed Adjustment System is, also, implemented for reflecting the minute description of face. The implemented 3D Facial Aesthetic Surgery System for this paper shows more accuacy, convenience, and satisfaction in compare with the existing system.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.2 no.3 s.4
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 2006

Children exhibit different behaviors, skills, and motivations. The main aim of this research was to investigate children's sensibility factors for icons, and to look for the best typeface for application to Web-Based Instruction (WBI) for e-Learning. Three types of icons were used to assess children's sensibilities toward metaphors: text-image, representational, and spatial mapping. Through the factor analysis, we found that children exhibited more diverse reactions to the text-image and representational types of icons than to the spatial mapping type of icons. Children commonly showedn higher sensibilities to the aesthetic-factor than to the familiarity-factor or the brevity-factor. In addition, we propose a collaborative-typeface system, which recommends the best typeface for children regarding the readability and aesthetic factor in WBI. Based on these results, we venture some suggestions on icon design and typeface selection for e-Learning.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.737-744
• /
• 2009

This paper is to study and implement 3D Virtual Face Aesthetic Surgery System which provides more satisfaction by comparing the before-and-after plastic face surgery using 3D face model. For this study, we implemented 3D Face Model Generating System which resembles 2D image of the user based on 3D Korean standard face model and user's 2D pictures. The proposed 3D Virtual Face Aesthetic Surgery System in this paper consists of 3D Face Model Generating System, 3D Skin Texture Mapping System, and Detailed Adjustment System for reflecting the detailed description of face. The proposed system provides more satisfaction to the medical uses and stability in the surgery in compare with other existing systems.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the strengthening process of advanced beginner's nursing competence through the concept mapping methods. Methods: This study was conducted with focus group study for 1 month from November to December 2012 (n=5). Data were analyzed through open coding, axial coding and selection coding stage. Results: Advanced beginner to represent the experience of nursing empowerment and the three categories of the nine concepts were derived. The first category is 'able to see the entire search.' This concept is to start a search query, the search process of thinking, behavior change is expected. The second category is 'behavior change through the acquisition of knowledge.', and this concept is the embodiment of knowledge, confidence rising, and action changing. The third category is 'nursing empowerment', the aesthetic, ethical, and personal knowledge acquisition, as well as self-growth. Conclusion: Advanced beginner saw the full flow through the concept mapping and obtained knowledge, and changed behavior. Thus, the concept mapping is effective to strengthen the nursing competence.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.370-376
• /
• 2023

Background The posterior ledge (PL) is a vital structure that supports the implant posteriorly during orbital floor reconstruction. This study describes a technique for mapping the PL in relation to the infraorbital margin (IM) in patients with orbital floor blowout fractures. This study establishes the location of the optic foramen in relation to the PL. Methods Facial computed tomography (FCT) scans of 67 consecutive patients with isolated orbital floor blowout fractures were analyzed using Osirix. Planes of reference for orbital fractures, a standardized technique for performing measurements on FCT, was used. Viewed coronally, the orbit was divided into seven equal sagittal slices (L1 laterally to L7 medially) with reference to the midorbital plane. The distances of PL from IM and location of optic foramen were determined. Results The greatest distance to PL is found at L5 (median: 30.1 mm, range: 13.5-37.1 mm). The median and ranges for each slice are as follows: L1 (median: 0.0 mm, range: 0.0-19.9 mm), L2 (median: 0.0 mm, range: 0.0-21.5 mm), L3 (median: 15.8 mm, range: 0.0-31.7 mm), L4 (median: 26.1 mm, range: 0.0-34.0 mm), L5 (median: 30.1 mm, range: 13.5-37.1 mm), L6 (median: 29.0 mm, range: 0.0-36.3 mm), L7 (median: 20.8 mm, range: 0.0-39.2 mm). The median distance of the optic foramen from IM is 43.7 mm (range: 37.0- 49.1) at L7.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1997.10a
• /
• pp.652-655
• /
• 1997

An exploration for an intelligence paradigm has been delineated. Artificial intelligence and artificial life paradigms seem to fail to show the whole picture of human intelligence. We may understand the human intelligence better by adding the emotional part of human intelligence to the intellectual part of human intelligence. Emotional intelligence is investigated in terms of composing machine as a modern abstract art. Various algorithmic composition and performance concepts are currently being investigated and implemented. Intelligent mapping algorithms restructure the traditional predetermined composition algorithms. Music based on fractals and neural networks is being composed. Also, emotional intelligence and aesthetic aspects of Korean traditional music are investigated in terms of fractal relationship. As a result, this exploration will greatly broaden the potentials of the intelligence research. The exploration of art in the view of intelligence, information and structure will restore the balanced sense, of art and science which seeks happiness in life. The investigations of emotional intelligence will establish the foundations of intelligence, information and control technologies.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.1061-1075
• /
• 2016

In this paper, we discuss various methods to visualize high dimensional large-scale data and review some issues associated with visualizing this type of data. High-dimensional data can be presented in a 2-dimensional space with a few selected important variables. We can visualize more variables with various aesthetic attributes in graphics or use the projection pursuit method to find an interesting low-dimensional view. For large-scale data, we discuss jittering and alpha blending methods that solve any problem with overlapping points. We also review the R package tabplot, scagnostics, and other R packages for interactive web application with visualization.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.02c
• /
• pp.183-188
• /
• 2007

게임은 데카르트적 좌표(Cartesian coordinates)의 전통을 뒤흔들고 육체와 정신, 이성과 감성, 실재와 가상을 가로지르면서 진화하고 있다. 수많은 철학적 담론을 야기하는 사유의 대상이 되고 있는 게임은 "미학적 기술(Aesthetic Technology)의 철학화(Philosophizing)"로 새롭게 정의될 수 있다. 게임의 메타포적 특성은 철학화하는 게임을 규정하는 중요한 면이다. 메타포(Metaphor)는 '개념의 매핑'(Mapping of the Concept)이며, 분리된 정신과 육체, 내용들을 연결하는 게임 역시 개념의 매핑으로 메타포가 된다. 게임의 메타포적 특성은 몰입(Immersive)과 연결되며 게임 기술의 발달로 개념의 매핑은 '개념의 몰핑'(Morphing of the Concept)으로 나아간다. 게임과 서사 사이의 갈등 또한 철학화 하는 게임의 까다로움을 드러내는 것이다. 게임학(Ludology)과 서사학(Narratology)의 이론적 논쟁에도 불구하고, 게임의 서사와 문학의 서사 사이에는 분명한 존재론적 차이가 있다. 우리는 게임에서 단지 사물이 움직이는 것을 보는 것이 아니라, 우리는 '우리 자체가(우리 스스로가) 움직이기 때문에 움직이는 것들을 보는 것'이기 때문이다. 그러므로 게임의 앵글(보는 방식)은 의미와 행위자가 아니라 '사용과 사용자(Use and User)'로 이동되어야 하며, 이때 서사는 '규칙의 해석(Interpretation)' 과정에서 생기는 잉여물(Surplus)이 된다. 게임은 수적으로 재현되며, 수적 재현을 통해 만들어지는 생산물(Product)은 서사가 아니라 알고리즘(Algorithm)이라는 숨은 규칙을 지닌 데이터베이스(Database)이다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.42 no.3 s.303
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we propose a deformation technique based on Radial Basis Function (RBF) and a blending technique combining the deformed facial component with the original face for a Virtual Aesthetic Surgery (VAS) system. The deformation technique needs the smoothness and the accuracy to deform the fluid facial components and also needs the locality not to affect or distort the rest of the facial components besides the deformation region. To satisfy these deformation characteristics, The VAS System computes the degree of deformation of lattice cells using RBF based on a Free-Form Deformation (FFD) model. The deformation error is compensated by the coefficients of mapping function, which is recursively solved by the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique using SSE (Sum of Squared Error) between the deformed control points and target control points on base curves. The deformed facial component is blended with an original face using a blending ratio that is computed by the Euclidean distance transform. An experimental result shows that the proposed deformation and blending techniques are very efficient in terms of accuracy and distortion.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.311-313
• /
• 2005

Generally, many Asian women tend to dislike the square jaw, as they believe it makes the face look wider, giving a stubborn and strong impression. Contouring of the mandible is therefore a relatively common aesthetic procedure among Asians. These days, the use of botulinum toxin for contouring of the lower face offer simple alternative to surgery. Motor point, which is the site over a muscle where its contraction may be elicited by a minimal intensity short duration electrical stimulus, is the optimal injection point of botulinum toxin. Study was undertaken to identify the location of motor point of the masseter muscle and the skin surface landmark. First, the thickest point of the masseter muscle was inspected through palpation and inspection by 3 different individual plastic surgeons and then compound muscle action potentials(CMAPs) of masseter muscle in 15 health volunteers were recorded using EMG. For the localization of the measured points, line between lateral canthus to the mandibular angle was used. Location of motor points were mapped to skin surface from lateral canthus in a percentage of the distance along the landmark line and in distance in millimeters. The clinical injection point was located at 71.69 percentile and 7.3 mm of the landmark line. The motor point test was located at 72.54 percentile and 7.1 mm of the landmark line. The depth of motor point was 16mm. There was no statistically significant difference between the clinical injection point and the motor point. We conclude that surface mapping of motor point of the masseter muscle would increase accessibility and accuracy in botulinum toxin injection for contouring of the lower face.