• Applied Microscopy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2002

Sprague-Dawley rat에 complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)를 투여하여 유발한 골다공증에 미치는 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3\;(Vit\;D_3)$의 효과를 알아보기 위하여 실험동물을 정상 대조군, CFA 투여 대조군, CFA 투여후 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3\;0.01{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군 (Vit $D_{3}L$) 및 $0.1{\mu}g/kg$ 투여군(Vit $D_{3}H$)으로 분류하여 경구로 3주간 투여하였다. 골다공증의 억제 효과를 알아보기 위하여 골밀도와 골함유량의 변화 및 주사전자현미경적 소견을 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 골밀도와 골함유량은 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ 투여용량과 부위에 따라 차이가 있었는데 Vit $D_3$ 투여군이 CFA 투여 대조군과 비교하여 골밀도와 골함유량이 증가하였으며 Vit $D_{3}H$군이 Vit $D_{3}L$군보다 좀 더 효과적이었다. 대퇴골의 주사전자현미경적 소견은 Vit $D_3$ 투여군의 골피질과 골소주의 손상이 CFA 투여 대조군보다 억제되었음을 볼 수 있었으며 Vit $D_{3}H$ 투여군이 Vit $D_{3}L$ 투여군보다 좀 더 효과적이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 $1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$의 투여는 CFA에 의해 유발된 rat의 골다공증 모델에서 골다공증의 진행을 억제하였고 Vit $D_{3}H$ 투여군이 Vit $D_{3}L$ 투여군보다 좀 더 효과적이었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.432-435
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• 2000

We report a case of primary undifferentiated cardiac sarcoma. The tumor originated from the left atrial free wall with multi-organ metastases, e.g., lung, and adrenal gland. The patient gradually grew worse with dyspnea and hemoptysis because of the obstructed left atrial outflow. Surgical resection of the left atrial sarcoma was undertaken to save the patient's life, followed by chemotherapy and brain irradiation as adjuvant therapy. The prognosis of cardiac sarcoma with metastases is very poor. However, in patients with hemodynamic instability, surgical intervention could be a therapeutic modality as palliation.

• 생약학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 1983

Studies were undertaken to develop for the anti-inflammatory analgesic activities of 'Insam-Tang' extract, which composed of four crude drugs; Ginseng Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, and Zingiberis Rhizoma, was known to be applied in edema, convulsion, excremental blood, and cooling pain etc, in oriental herb remedies. It was exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenin inflammation, and preventive and therapeutic effects to chronic inflammation on Freund' complete adjuvant in rats, Especially, therapeutic effect of extract 500mg/kg was observed more effective than that of phenylbutazone 50mg/kg. Also, it was shown significant effect on leakage of dye into the peritoneal cavity and analgesic effect on squirm symptom induced by acetic acid in mice.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2018

Surgery and radiotherapy are mainstays of treatment for ependymomas (EPNs). Recent molecular subgrouping could be superior to histopathological grading for predicting the prognosis of patients with EPNs. Gross total resection is an effective treatment approach regardless of its locations or pathologic grades. Adjuvant therapeutic strategies could be decided based on molecular subgrouping with risk-stratification. Information of histologic-molecular biology is now providing clues to therapeutic insights.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2001

In hepatoblastoma, encouraging cure rates have been achieved with recent advances in chemotherapy and surgical techniques, The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of combined therapeutic modalities and surgical resection in hepatoblastoma. Fifteen cases of hepatoblastoma were treated from January 1993 to August 2000. Six patients had resectable tumors at initial diagnosis. All underwent surgical resection and in four patients postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was needed. Nine out of 15 patients had unresectbale tumors at initial diagnosis, and preoperative chemotherapy was applied. There was one operative mortality and 14 patients showed good prognosis after surgery. Although various treatment modalities should be combined for the unresectable hepatoblastoma. surgical resection remains the major curative procedure.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2012

The purpose of this study explain the experimental effects of Guizhishaoyaozhimu-Tang (桂枝芍藥知母湯) that have clinical efficacy in rheumatoid Arthritis. Materials of present study were Guizhishaoyaozhimu-Tang freeze dried powder (GSZT), Sprague-dawley rats (300 g or so, male), various kinds of needing experimental studis. In order to study the therapeutic effects of GSZT, this Prescription (GSZT 500 mg/kg, 1,000 mg/kg) were administered per oral to the rats with the arthritis induced by Freund's complete adjuvant ($0.2m{\ell}/kg$), several experimental items were measured and compared each other ; that is body weight, rate of edema, analgesic effect by hot plate method, WBC, total protein, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-10 and expression and localization of H&E, COX-2 staining in synovial tissues from rat with rheumatoid arthritis by immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal COX-2 antibodies. Rats were divided into four groups. Normal group was not treated with Freund's complete adjuvant and treated with DDW 1.0 $m{\ell}$, Control group was treated with Freund's complete adjuvant 0.2 $m{\ell}/kg$ and DDW 1.0 $m{\ell}$, Sample A group was treated with Freund's complete adjuvant 0.2 $m{\ell}/kg$ and GSZT (500 $mg/m{\ell}$) $1.0m{\ell}$, Sample B group was treated with Freund's complete adjuvant 0.2 $m{\ell}/kg$ and GSZT (1,000 $mg/m{\ell}$) 1.0 $m{\ell}$. 0 was day that did not start experiment, 14 was day that confirmed rheumatism induced by Freund's complete adjuvant, 28 was day that completed experiment. The following results were obtained in this study ; Sample A group was increased in body weight, escape time and paw licking time statistical significance compared with Control group, and were decreased in edema, WBC, total protein, TNF-${\alpha}$ with statistical significance compared with Control group. Sample B group was increased in escape time with statistical significance compared with Control group, and were decreased in edema, WBC, total protein with statistical significance compared with Control group. Sample A and Sample B groups were increased in IL-10 compared with Control group, and Sample B group was decreased in TNF-${\alpha}$ compared with Control group. And, Control, Sample A and Sample B groups were showed considerable reduction of positive expression in comparison to Normal group. Especially, Sample B group was most significantly reduction of positive expression than the other groups. From above results, I suggest that GuizhiShaoyaoZhimu-Tang can be used for curing rheumatoid arthritis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.242-254
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• 2018

Defensins are antimicrobial peptides that participate in the innate immunity of hosts. Humans constitutively and/or inducibly express ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-defensins, which are known for their antiviral and antibacterial activities. This review describes the application of human defensins. We discuss the extant experimental results, limited though they are, to consider the potential applicability of human defensins as antiviral agents. Given their antiviral effects, we propose that basic research be conducted on human defensins that focuses on RNA viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and dengue virus (DENV), which are considered serious human pathogens but have posed huge challenges for vaccine development for different reasons. Concerning the prophylactic and therapeutic applications of defensins, we then discuss the applicability of human defensins as antivirals that has been demonstrated in reports using animal models. Finally, we discuss the potential adjuvant-like activity of human defensins and propose an exploration of the 'defensin vaccine' concept to prime the body with a controlled supply of human defensins. In sum, we suggest a conceptual framework to achieve the practical application of human defensins to combat viral infections.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2014

Background: The development of diagnostic techniques and an awareness of health examinations can bring about an early diagnosis of lung cancer. However, appropriate postoperative management and adjuvant chemotherapy remain under debate in postoperative therapeutic strategy. The present study was conducted to assess the clinicopathologic factors that influence recurrence and prognosis after complete resection of lung cancer. Methods: The present study analyzed 62 patients with lung cancer who underwent complete resection of diagnosed adenocarcinoma between 1994 and 2007. In addition to conventional factors, which include staging factor and histological evaluation, the present study also performed univariate and multivariate analyses to consider claudin, a cell adhesion molecule, as a prognostic factor by immunohistochemical staining. Results: There was no correlation between conventional factors, including lymphatic and vascular invasion, and recurrence. However, there was a significant correlation between high expression of claudin 4 and cancer recurrence. In particular, there was a correlation between high expressions of claudin 1, 4, and 5 and a reduction of disease-free survival. Conclusion: Increased expressions of claudin 4 were negative prognostic factors in adenocarcinoma of the lung and thus could be used to identify high-risk patients for adjuvant chemotherapy, even if they had early-stage lung cancer. The present findings collectively suggest that consideration of claudin as a prognostic factor in the active postoperative treatment in patients at high risk will lead to better therapeutic outcomes with fewer side effects.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 1996

Antigenicity of recombinant human interferon $\beta$(LB00013), a newly developed drug for anti-cancer and anti-viral therapeutic use, was investigated in mice and guinea pigs. The following results were obtained: 1. Mice showed no production of antibodies against LB00013 sensitized with aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum) as an adjuvant, when judged by the heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test in rats. Meanwhile, antibodies against ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized with Alum were clearly detected. 2. In guinea pigs, the sensitization of neither LB00013 only nor LB00013 with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) produced positive reactions in the homologous active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and the PCA tests. Meanwhile, the sensitization of OVA with CFA produced positive reactions in both PCA and ASA. 3. A LB00013-specific reaction was not observed in an indirect hemagglutination(IHA) assay using sera isolated from LB00013 sensitized mice. The present results suggested that LB00013 may have no antigenic potential in mice and guinea pigs.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2013

Objective : Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare primary low-grade astrocytic tumor classified as WHO II. It is generally benign, but disease progression and malignant transformation have been reported. Prognostic factors for PXA and optimal therapies are not well known. Methods : The study period was January 2000 to March 2012. Data on MR findings, histology, surgical extents and adjuvant therapies were reviewed in twenty-two patients diagnosed with PXA. Results : The frequent symptoms of PXA included seizures, headaches and neurologic deficits. Tumors were most common in the temporal lobe followed by frontal, parietal and occipital lobes. One patient who died from immediate post-operative complications was excluded from the statistical analysis. Of the remaining 21 patients, 3 (14%) died and 7 (33%) showed disease progression. Atypical tumor location (p<0.001), peritumoral edema (p=0.022) and large tumor size (p=0.048) were correlated with disease progression, however, Ki-67 index and necrosis were not statistically significant. Disease progression occurred in three (21%) of 14 patients who underwent GTR, compared with 4 (57%) of 7 patients who did not undergo GTR, however, it was not statistically significant. Ten patients received adjuvant radiotherapy and the tumors were controlled in 5 of these patients. Conclusion : The prognosis for PXA is good; in our patients overall survival was 84%, and event-free survival was 59% at 3 years. Atypical tumor location, peritumoral edema and large tumor size are significantly correlated with disease progression. GTR may provide prolonged disease control, and adjuvant radiotherapy may be beneficial, but further study is needed.