• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2017

본 연구는 뇌손상 진단을 받고 병원에서 재활치료를 실시하고 있는 환자의 가족 간병인 340명을 대상으로 근골격계증상을 알아보고 그 관련요인을 파악하고자 자기 기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 내용은 일반적 특성, 간병활동 특성, 근골격계 자각 증상이였다. 본 연구의 조사 기간은 2014년 3월부터 4월이며, 재활병원 및 요양병원에서 수집하였다. 연구결과 독립변수에 따른 자각증상 호소율은 신체부위별로 다르게 나타났다. 요인분석의 결과는 목의 경우 초졸의 학력이 영향을 끼쳤고, 어깨의 경우 여자, 나이 50~59세, 학력 중졸, 간병기간 1년 이내와 1년 7개월 이상 2년 이내가 영향을 끼쳤다. 팔/팔꿈치의 경우 나이 40~49세, 학력 대졸, 간병기간 1년 이내와 1년 7개월 이상 2년 이내 변인이 유의한 영향을 끼쳤다. 손/손목/손가락의 경우 나이 50~59세, 간병기간 1년 이내와 1년 7개월 이상 2년 이내 변인이 통증에 유의한 영향을 끼쳤다. 다리/발의 경우 나이 50~59세, 간병기간 6개월 이내 변인이 통증에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 허리의 경우 학력 초졸 중졸 고졸, 간병기간 1년 이내와 1년 7개월 이상 2년 이내, 독립보행 불가능 변인이 통증에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 진단명 별 간병활동 특성에서 근골격계 자각증상 호소율은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 근골격계 자각증상 호소에 가장 영향을 미치는 간병활동 동작으로는 이동하기와 보행이었다. 근골격계 자각증상에 영향을 미치는 전체 요인에 대해서는 간병 기간 1년 이내가 전체 통증에 유의한(p<.05) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결론으로는 뇌손상 환자의 가족 간병인은 환자를 간병하는 간병활동 특성에서 근골격계 질환의 위험에 노출되어 생활하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 뇌손상 환자를 돌보는 가족 간병인의 신체부위별 근골격계 증상에 영향을 미치는 요인이 다르므로 이러한 요인에 대한 체계적이며 종합적인 예방 교육과 연구가 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1063-1073
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 민들레 추출물(DE) 및 민들레 발효추출물(FDE)이 남성갱년기 증상의 개선에 영향을 미치는 지를 알아보기 위해 22주령된 고령 흰쥐에 추출물을 4주간 투여한 후, testosterone, SHBG, PSA, 체지방, 혈중지방, 근육량, 운동수행능력, 정자 수 및 정자 활동성 등에 미치는 영향을 조사하였고 세포 실험을 통해 그 기작을 알아보았다. DE 및 FDE 투여 후 남성갱년기의 지표로 사용되는 남성호르몬인 testosterone의 혈중 농도가 증가하였고, testosterone 과 결합하여 생체 내 활성을 저하시키는 SHBG의 농도는 감소하였다. 또한 남성호르몬 보충요법에서 문제가 될 수 있는 전립선에 대한 부작용을 알아보기 위해 전립선특이항원(PSA)을 측정하였으나, 대조군과 별다른 차이를 나타내지는 않았다. 지방조직과 근육에 대한 영향을 측정한 결과, 지방조직량은 줄이고 근육량은 늘리는 것으로 나타나 남성갱년기에서 흔히 나타나는 근육량 감소 및 체지방 증가에 긍정적인 효과를 갖는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 testosterone의 감소에 흔히 동반되는 혈중지질대사 이상에 있어서도 민들레 추출물 및 민들레 발효추출물 투여군이 총 콜레스테롤과 중성지방은 감소시킨 것에 반해 고밀도 콜레스테롤은 증가시켰음을 관찰하였다. 강제수영을 통한 운동수행능력 측정 결과에서는 민들레 추출물 및 민들레 발효추출물 투여군이 대조군에 비하여 수영시간이 증가하였고, 이는 민들레 추출물 및 민들레 발효추출물의 투여가 운동수행능력 향상에 기여한 것으로 사료된다. 총 정자 수와 활동성 정자 수를 측정한 결과에서도 민들레 추출물 및 민들레 발효추출물 투여군에서 증가한 것으로 나타났고, 이는 정자 형성과 활동성에 영향을 주는 testosterone 농도의 증가와 관련이 있는 것으로 여겨진다. 마지막으로 이러한 동물실험 결과의 기작을 알아보기 위해 세포실험을 통해 testosterone 생합성 과정에 관여하는 유전자의 변화를 측정한 결과 투여군에서 모두 증가함을 나타냄으로써, 추출물이 testosterone 합성을 직접적으로 촉진 시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 전반적인 결과로 민들레 추출물 보다는 발효추출물이 더 좋은 효과를 나타내었고, 이는 발효 과정을 통해 민들레 유효 성분의 생체 이용률이 증가한 것으로 사료된다. 따라서, 추후 연구에서 발효에 의해서 증가하는 활성 성분에 대한 분석이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 민들레 추출물 및 발효추출물이 남성갱년기에 긍정적인 개선 효과를 나타냄을 보였고, 이를 활용하여 남성갱년기 개선에 도움 줄 수 있는 소재로 개발 할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2006

콩류 섭취가 유방암이나 골다공증, 그리고 심혈관계 질환 예방에 도움이 된다는 사실은 학계는 물론 일반인들에까지 큰 관심을 불러 일으키고 있다. 그러나 콩류, 특히 그 주성분인 genistein(GS)이 상기한 긍정적인 효과 외에도 여성의 생식계에 잠재적으로 부정적인 영향을 미칠 가능성에 대한 의문이 계속되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 GS가 암컷 흰쥐의 사춘기 개시에 미치는 효과와 호르몬 수용체 등 이때의 다양한 생식 지표들의 변화들 조사하였다. GS(100mg/kg/day i.p.)를 생후 25일부터 사춘기 개시의 지표인 최초의 질구 개방(vaginal opening, VO)이 일어나는 날까지 투여하였다. 다음 날 희생시킨 후 난소와 자궁의 외양 변화와 조직 무게를 측정하여 GS가 이들 조직의 세포분열에 미치는 효과를 확인하였고, 조직절편의 현미경 관찰을 통해 해부학적인 변화 양상을 조사하였다. 한편 채취한 혈액내의 LH 수준은 방사면역측정법(RIA)로 측정하였다. 또한 자궁 성숙의 지표가 되는 프로게스테론 수용체(PR)의 mRNA 수준에 대한 정량적인 RT-PCR 조사를 수행하였다. GS 투여에 의해 질구 개방이 앞당겨짐이 확인되었고 ($35.3{\pm}0.7$ day in control group vs $31.2{\pm}0.6$ day in GS group, p<0.0l), 이 때 GS군의 체중이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮음을 관찰하였다. 난소와 자궁의 크기와 무게, 그리고 혈중 LH 수준이 GS군에서 유의하게 증가함이 관찰되었다. GS군의 난소에서는 성숙의 지표가 되는 그라프 난포(Graafian follicle)와 황체가 관찰되었으나 대조군의 난소는 미성숙한 난포들만이 관찰되었다. 자궁의 경우도 GS군에서는 내막층과 근막층은 물론 상피층까지 잘 발달된 과다 성장 상태와 함께 분비선 수의 증가가 나타났으나 대조군에서는 모든 세포층의 발달이 미약한 상태였다. 이러한 결과들은 GS의 에스트로겐 유사 효과에 기인하는 것으로 보인다. RT-PCR에서 난소와 자궁에서의 PR mRNA 수준은 GS 투여에 의해 발현 증가가 나타났다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 사춘기 전 특정 시기에 단기적인 GS 투여에 의해 암컷 흰쥐의 생식계가 활성화되고, 그 결과 조기 사춘기가 유도될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.16-42
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• 1978

This survey was made for a month starting from November 15 to December 15, 1977 covering 711 students taking the junior. (3rd-yea.) and the senior. (4th-year) at nine college of nursing in Seoul concerning their perception and Attitude toward the profession of nursing, motive for the necessity of learning, environment of study, attitude of study and particulars relevant with study performance, particulars of library, references and reading, assignments and particulars of the degree of confidence for the learning achievement. Through the survey of the above Particulars, the following results were obtained by classifying all subject matters and by analysing motive of the selection of their course, awarding or not awarding of scholarships. 1. General characteristics: it was revealed that 406 students (57.1%) were attending at the junior. while 305 students (42.9%) were taking the senior. Thus, the total number was 711 and their average age was 21.4 years. Their dwelling category was; 73.9 percent of them resided at their parent's home, 214 students (30.1%) were awarded with scholarships. The reason to be attracted by nursing science was the possibility of continuing social life after graduation (43.5%). 2. Their perception and attitude toward the profession of nursing: According to the perception of profession by the students of each grade, students of the 4th grade showed comparatively strong conception. Also, students of the 4th grade showed more positive attitude in the purchase and reading of magazines relative with the science of nursing, in the reading of Code for Nurses and in their interest in the activity of nursing field. For the necessity of mission of nurse, 97.7 percent of the entire number of students covered responded to necessity. For the necessity of the particular humanity and particularity in the character of nurses, 95.8 percent of those students responded to necessity. By the each grade, students of the 4th grade showed more response. 3. As to professional field desired after completing the professional course: 57 percent of those students desired for clinician nurse while 55 percents desired for community health-nurse. 4. As to the environment of study: they were mostly satisfied with their present residential environment. However, they complained of inconvenience at their lecture-halls. Students of the 3rd grade showed more complain. As to their attitude toward the adjustment of environment of study, they showed a affirmative response. As to the opinion of factors which interfere with their study, comparatively strong response was showed in their scepticism in the science of nursing, insufficient comprehension in general learning, relation with professors n4 discrepancy in the method of study. According to opinions of students at each grade, students of the 4th grade showed more scepticism. 5. Particulars relative with their attitude and performance of study : As to their knowledge of the objectives of their study of subject, the majority was to study with a partial knowledge of the objectives of their study. As to the plan of study, a low percentage indicated management of routine life under regular scheduling. Students of the 4th grade responded to rather planned life. As to time spent in independent study, response to concentrated study when necessary was stronger than that to regular daily study. Students of the 4th grade showed stronger response to regular study than that of the 3rd grade. As to the contents of their note-taking, 67.4 percents of those students responded to such regulatory procedure performing in the lecture-hall as they listen to lectures. 17.3 percents of those students showed response to adding supplementary informations from references to what was entered in choir note-taking at their lecture-halls. 6. Particulars of library, references and reading books: As to receiving of instruction for the utilization of library and time of receiving such instruction 64.7 percents of those students had received such instruction. 66.7 percents of the those responded received such instruction at orientation conducted for freshmen. As to the convenience of the utilization of library, 49.9 percents of those students responded to convenience. However, students of the 3rd grade showed a much stronger response to inconvenience. As to the time of the utilization of library,92.5 percents of those students showed a response to occasional utilization for particular purpose than regular utilization. 53.2 percents of those students responded to ordinary in quantity that library have references. 34.2 percents of those students responded to insufficient. As to the particular relative with the method and field of reading: 53.5 percents of those students responded to intensive reading and was the majority. As to the reading field, fiction u as the majority. When read any books for their major, they usually rend Korean text-b, oks. 7. Particular relative with giving assignment: All respondents were well aware of the objectives of giving home tasks. As to the attitude toward assignments and performing home tasks, 54.8 percents of those students to making ostentatious study because of an excessive quantity of assignments imposed. For performing assignment, they showed comparatively positive response. Also, 52.2 percents of those students responded that they usually submitted complected assignment with references. 8. As to motive to realize the necessity of study : 55.6 percents of those students responded that they realized such necessity in communication with patients when they were engaged in clinical practice. Also, 8.6, the lowest percents of those students responded that they realized such necessity in the course of conversation with nurses when they were engaged in clinical practice. 9. As to the determination of their confidence in the performance of study relative with clinical experience: They showed a general inclination of having in nursing. The major response was that they came to well comprehend the patients families. the lowest response was that they could apply what was learned at lecture-hall to practice. This response incidentally showed the distance the lecture-hall and practical study. In general items, students of the 4th grade showed more favorable response than students of the 3rd grade and there was a significant difference. 10. As to the perception and attitude toward profession according to the motive of selecting the nursing science : Those who selected the nursing voluntarily showed stronger conception than those who selected the nursing through indirect influence. However, there was no significant difference on this point. Only there was a remarkable difference in the reading of Code for Nurses. 11. Those who showed a stronger conception in the profession of nursing according to the motives of attractive nursing science indicated a strong will and ability to manage stable life and comparatively strong response was shown in the management of good home life because of the good adaptability of the science to their character. This group showed a strong conception of the profession than those who responded that they prefer this profession out of a longing for the work of a hospital and for the easy obtaining of opportunity to immigrate to over seas and for economic cause and for high school grade. There was significant difference between these two groups, 12. As to the conception and attitude toward the profession of nursing according to benefits by scholarships, those who were benefitted by scholarship showed stronger conception of profession than those who did not receive scholarship and there was a remarkable difference between these two categories. However, there was no remarkable difference between these two categories in the extent of interest of the activities of nursing fields and in the reading of Code for Nurses. 13. As activation for study according to the benefits of scholarships, those who were benefitted by scholarships showed stronger response to the motive for study comparing with those who receive. 14. As to tile field of reading according to the benefits by scholarships, those who received scholarships tended to read autobiographies and essayers to a considerable extent. Those who did not receive scholarships tended to read novels. Those who received scholarships more read nursing boots than those who did not receive scholarships. 15. As to the attitude of study and doing of assignment according to benefits of scholarships, those who received scholarships managed a favorable life with schedules for study, More students of receiving scholarship showed a regular study for more than one hour per day. Also, in the method of doing home tasks, more students of receiving scholarship showed reference to relative books frequently for the submission of completed assignments.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.83-101
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• 1981

Under the full consideration of the growing need and importance of population education in the field of home economics in Korea, the study was carried out to verify and assess the following facts on the current issues of population education of home economists who are presently engaging in teaching professions as the teachers of middle and high school and professors of college and universities by setting its primary objectives of the study as followings; 1) to assess the degree of general knowledge and attitudes of home economists toward population education in the field of home economics, 2) to verify the problems encountered in implementing population education by home economists in its field, 3) to find an existing status of previous trainings received and other activities of population education of home economists aimed at utilizing these findings as a part of reference materials when the population education is conducted in the field of home economics. In order to attain these objectives described above, the questionnaire was carefully designed to house a total of 40 questions with good combination of multiple-choice and the simple answer questions. The mail questionnaire survey was conducted by establishing teachers of home economics at middle/high schools and college/universities as Senior Home Economists(SHE) who are from public, private liberal arts and vocational schools. The rate of response observed during the survey was 45.6 percent and the findings of the survey research are as follows: 1) Examining the status of the respondents by residence and religion, it was found that 45 percent of middle & high school teachers ar.d 59. 1 percent of college professors are residing in Seoul city area and that the largest percent of them are christian in their religion. Analyzing respondents by their ages, 56 percent of middle/high school teachers are in their 30s, 45 percent of college professors are in their 40s, and 37 percent of college teachers are in their 30s. In addition, 13 percent of the total respondents are found to be unmarried. The study also revealed that 71 percent of the college professors finished Master Degree course and 82 percent of middle/high school teachers are graduated from college level lasting 4 years. Looking over the status cf major fields of respondents, 68.4 percent of middle/high school teachers are specialized in home economic education and the college professors, on the other hand, show relatively even prortion by specializing in the order of food & nutrition science, clothes & textile science and home managerial science. As far as the length of teaching experience is concerned, a relatively longer period of teaching experience is observed in the college professors in comparison with that of middle/high school teachers. In other words, 33.3 percent of middle/high school teachers are experienced in teaching from 6 to 10 years on average while 43.9 percent of college professors show more than 16 years of experience. 2) Examining the status of existing number of children cf the respondents, one boy and one daughter pattern is predominant, showing 28.5 percent in middle/high school teachers and 21.1 percent in college professors. As for the desired number of children of unmarried respondents, it is observed that 43.8 percent of middle/high school teachers desire to have one boy and one girl, and 31.3 percent of college professors want to have one child regardless of the sex. By assessing the degree of awareness of the population education through their students, it is observed that 53 percent of middle/high school teachers and 50 percent of college professors are aware of population education in some extent and that a majority of respondents took the positive attitudes toward an inclusion of family planning components into the formal school education. Another noteworthy to observe is that a total of 84.8 percent out of middle/high school teachers pointed that the population education currently conducted at schools as a part of home economics are less sufficient than it should be. 3) Analyzing the tendency as to whether the respondents were experienced in receiving population education during the time when they were students, 75 percent of college professors and 59 percent of middle/high school teachers responded negative answers in the survey. In the mean time, a total of 50 percent of the respondents replied that they began to acknowledge the importance of population education mainly through the participation of some sort of population-education orientend seminars, experienced by 40 percent of college professors and 80 percent of middle/high school teachers. 4) What it calls attention in this study was to find that 96.5 percent of middle/high school teachers and 72 percent of college professors conduct population education to some extent during their lecture hours and that more than 80 percent of them are never experienced in teaching population and family planning contents in their regular classes. It is, on the other hand, found that no more than once was the response of those who believe themselves that they are experienced in teaching these relevant components to their students. Analyzing the contents of the subjects being taught in the class, a large percent of them are found to be consisted of population and family planning contents. According to this study, the current population education through the formal school is quite inactive. Analyzing the facts, 44.9 percent of the college professors responded that the population and family planning components are quite apart from their specialization which eventually generates lack of interest in the field. 5) It is also noticed through the study that the degree of frequency of commenting on population and family planning contents during the classes was depending significantly on their specializations which means that the degree of frequency varies from a major to another. Those who majored in home managerial science was the first one, as compared to others who majored in different specializations. Glancing over the status of correlations between ages of the respondents and numbers of seminar paticipation, it is quite clear that the aged group participated more than the younger group did, and that the most highest number of participations made by college professors were those who are in 50s. In addition, it is also found that those who are aged 20s and 60s of the respondents were the group who comments least on the contents of population and family planning at their classes. The suggestions and recommendation made through this survey research are as follows. 1) No one denies that the rapid increase of population, as compared to the limited size of land and resources, will certainly affect adversly to an enhancement of individual life quality which will, eventually, bring forth the poverty of the nation. This is the reasson why we are insisting that the world population be controlled up to an optimum level with a matter of global concerns. It is our understading that the primary aim for reducing number of population is believed to be attained only by conducting the systematic and comprehensive population education through the formal schools. Therefore, the role of home economists in the field of population/family planning education is considered very importment due to the fact that an ultimate goal of population education is placed in elevating the quality of family life by having optimum number of children through family planning program. 2) It is quite clear that home economists as teachers of formal school in all level are invited to pay their attention on redefining the ultimate goal of education and that of population education. We also understant that the primary objective of population education is to change the norm and value of the clients by replenishing the students with pertinent knowledge and attitudes on population and its related problems through a sort of education in order to attain the ultimate goal for enhancing the quality of life. There is no exception in the theory of home economics. An altimate goal of home economics is to elevate the general quality of life through an establishment of value existed in daily life. Considering the relations between population education and home economics, it is quite indespensable to bandle population components as an integral part in the field of home economics. We believe, therefore, that the senior home economists positive participation in the effort population control is more needed than it has been. 3) It is also strongly urged that population education should be a part of instructor training course for home economics. In other words, the teacher of home economics should be well aware of population and its problems by teaching interrelationship between population education and home economics, needs, contents and methods of population education during the instructor training courese for home economics. In addition, the senior home economists should be encouraged through positive participation on the short term training by types of domestic and international seminar, workshop, etc. 4) We certainly believe that the population education can not sustain itself without any backing-up of information and findings' of various and comprehensive researches of natural and social sciences. Accordingly, every senior home economist is invited to exert their maximum effort to conduct systematic study with an aim to utilize these findings and information at best in population education in the field of home economics. Therefore, we consider that the development of training material is imminent in order to provide effective and efficient population education through the for training of home economies. It should be noted that these training materials must be carefully designed, tailored and developed to meet the different classes of trainees under the considerations as to whether it is easily adaptable and infusable into the curricula of every field of home economics, and it is acceptable in the degree of difficulty and quality in its contents. 5) It is true that there are many domestic and international research rapers, reports and findings in the field of population education and family planning. However, there is a tendency that the most of research papers are heavily relying on the authors intension and preferences in its expression and publication. Under these circumstances, it is urged that the home economists should aware of the growing need of the technical training in order to keep these available information and research findings reprocessed and redesigned to insure the practical application into the population education in the field of home economics in Korea.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.167-190
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• 2010

The research conducted here focuses on the effect of factors that affect the behavior of UCC (User Created Content) website users, other than user's rational recognition of how useful a UCC website can be. Most discussions in the existing literature on information systems have focused on users' evaluation how a UCC website can help to attain the users' own goals. However, there are other factors and this research pays attention to an individual's 'personality,' which is stable and biological in nature. Specifically, I have noted here that 'extroversion' and 'neuroticism,' the two common personality factors presented in Eysenck's most representative 'EPQ Model' and 'Big Five Model,' are the two personality factors that affect a site's 'usefulness,' by this I mean how useful does the user consider the website and its content. How useful a site is considered by the user is the other factor that has been regarded as the antecedent factor that influences the adoption of information systems in the existing MIS (Management Information System) research. Secondly, as using or creating a UCC website does not guarantee the user's or the creator's extrinsic motivation, unlike when using the information system within an organization, there is a greater likelihood that the increase in user's activities in relation to a UCC website is motivated by emotional factors rather than rational factors. Thus, I have decided to include the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable in the research model. Thirdly, when based on the S-O-R Paradigm of Mehrabian and Russell, the two cognitive factors and emotional factors are finally affected by stimulus, and thus these factors ultimately have an effect on an individual's respondent behavior. Therefore, this research has presented an assumption that the recognition of how useful the site and content is and what emotional pleasure it provides will finally affect the behavior of the UCC website users. Finally, the relationship between the recognition of how useful a site is and how pleasurable it is to useand UCC usage may differ depending on certain situational conditions. In other words, the relationship between the three factors may vary according to how much users are involved in the creation of the website content. Creation thus emerges as the keyword of UCC. I analyzed the above relationships through the moderating variable of the user's involvement in the creation of the site. The research result shows the following: When it comes to the relationship between an individual's personality and what they find pleasurable it is extroverted users who have a greater likelihood to feel pleasure when using a UCC website, as was expected in this research. This in turn leads to a more active usage of the UCC web site because a person who is an extrovert likes to spend time on activities with other people, is sensitive to new experiences and stimuli and thus actively responds to these. An extroverted person accepts new UCC activities as part of his/her social life, rather than getting away from this new UCC environment. This is represented by the term 'Foxonomy' where the users meet a variety of users from all over the world and contact new types of content created by these users. However, neuroticism creates the opposite situation to that created by extroversion. The representative symptoms of neuroticism are instability, stress, and tension. These dispositions are more closely related to stress caused by a new environment rather than this creatingcuriosity or pleasure. Thus, neurotic persons have an uneasy feeling and will eventually avoid the situation where their own or others' daily lives are frequently exposed to the open web environment, this eventually makes them have a negative attitude towards the web environment. When it comes to an individual's personality and how useful site is, the two personality factors of extroversion and neuroticism both have a positive relationship with the recognition of how useful the site and its content is. The positive, curious, and social dispositions of extroverted persons tend to make them consider the future usefulness and possibilities of a new type of information system, or website, based on their positive attitude, which has a significant influence on the recognition of how useful these UCC sites are. Neuroticism also favorably affects how useful a UCC website can be through a different mechanism from that of extroversion. As the neurotic persons tend to feel uneasy and have much doubt about a new type of information system, they actively explore its usefulness in order to relieve their uncomfortable feelings. In other words, neurotic persons seek out how useful a site can be in order to secure their own stable feelings. Meanwhile, extroverted persons explore how useful a site can be because of their positive attitude and curiosity. As a lot of MIS research has revealed that the recognition of how useful a site can be and how pleasurable it can be to use have been proven to have a significant effect on UCC activity. However, the relationship between these factors reveals different aspects based on the user's involvement in creation. This factor of creationgauges the interest of users in the creation of UCC contents. Involvement is a variable that shows the level of an individual's mental effort in creating UCC contents. When a user is highly involved in the creation process and makes an enormous effort to create UCC content (classed a part of a high-involvement group), their own pleasure and recognition of how useful the site is have a significantly higher effect on the future usage of the UCC contents, more significantly than the users who sit back and just retrieve the UCC content created by others. The cognitive and emotional response of those in the low-involvement group is unlikely to last long,even if they recognize the contents of a UCC website is pleasurable and useful to them. However, the high-involvement group tends to participate in the creation and the usage of UCC more favorably, connecting the experience with their own goals. In this respect, this research presents an answer to the question; why so many people are participating in the usage of UCC, the representative form of the Web 2.0 that has drastically involved more and more people in the creation of UCC, even if they cannot gain any monetary or social compensation. Neither information system nor a website can succeed unless it secures a certain level of user base. Moreover, it cannot be further developed when the reasons, or problems, for people's participation are not suitably explored, even if it has a certain user base. Thus, what is significant in this research is that it has studied users' respondent behavior based on an individual's innate personality, emotion, and cognitive interaction, unlike the existing research that has focused on 'compensation' to explain users' participation with the UCC website. There are also limitations in this research. Firstly, I divided an individual's personality into extroversion and neuroticism; however, there are many other personal factors such as neuro-psychiatricism, which also needs to be analyzed for its influence on UCC activities. Secondly, as a UCC website comes in many types such as multimedia, Wikis, and podcasting, these types need to be included as a sub-category of the UCC websites and their relationship with personality, emotion, cognition, and behavior also needs to be analyzed.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.101-115
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• 2000

본 연구는 벨지움의 프랑코폰 공동체를 사례로 중등학교 지리교육의 내용과 교사양성의 실태를 일반 교육체제의 범주에서 고찰하였다. 중등학교 제1단계에서는 주당 2시간씩 환경교육을 학습하는 데 그 내용은 생활주변의 지리적 지식을 관찰 정리하는 것이고, 제2단계에서는 주당 1시간씩 세계지리를 학습하며 특히 유럽과 러시아에 큰 비중을 둔다. 제3단계에서는 자연지리와 인문지리를 계통적으로 학습한다. 교실수업에서 사용하는 공식적인 교과서는 없고 교사가 텍스트를 준비하여 학습에 임하고 있으며 학생 중심의 탐구식 수업이 보편적으로 이루어지고 있다. 하급중등교사는 교육전문학교에서 복수전공교사로 양성되는데 지리교사는 생물 화학 지리교사 또는 역사 사회 지리교사의 유형으로 양성되며, 상급중등교사는 종합대학의 교직과정부에서 단일전공교사로 양성된다. 중등학교 현직교사를 공식적인 실습지도교사로 임용하고 교생들의 책임수업과 평가를 합리적으로 관리하는 등 교육실습이 효과적으로 이루어지고 있으며, 학과 교수들은 교사자격 취득을 위한 심사에서 합격기준을 강화함으로써 교사의 질적 향상에 크게 기여하는 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 내용들의 상당 부분은 우리나라의 지리교육과 교사양성에서 참고할 가치가 있다고 생각한다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.157-176
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• 2016

스마트폰, 태블릿PC와 같은 모바일 기기의 확산과 더불어 앱의 보급도 크게 늘어나면서 우리 일상의 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 게임, 생활, 엔터테인먼트, 정보, 전자상거래 등 다양한 종류의 수많은 앱이 생겨나고 있으나, 그들 중 대부분이 사용자의 구매 선택조차 받지 못하고 있으며, 구매가 이루어진 이후에도 많은 수는 오랫동안 사용되지 않고 외면당하고 있다. 사용자가 앱을 선택하고 사용하는 데에 영향을 미치는 요인을 찾는 연구는 사용자에게 적합한 앱을 선별적으로 추천하는 데에 활용됨으로써 마케팅 효과를 높일 수 있다는 점에서 앱 개발자나 배포자 및 사용자 모두에게 기여하는 실무적 가치가 크다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이런 관점에서, 본 연구는 앱의 사용에 영향을 미치는 요인이 앱 유형별로 어떻게 달라지는지를 파악하려는 목적에서 수행되었다. 앱 사용에 영향을 미치는 요인으로서 사용자의 인구통계학적 특성뿐만 아니라 사용자가 앱을 구매하고 사용한 경험, 구매 시 참고한 앱에 대한 객관적 평가인 별점, 마케팅의 수단으로서 상품의 소개 화면에 노출되는 배지(Badge)의 영향을 살펴보았다. 사용자의 앱 선택에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 기존 연구들은 대부분 설문에 대한 응답 결과를 분석에 사용함으로써 사용기록이 정확히 반영하지 못하는 한계점을 갖는 반면, 본 연구는 특정한 기간 동안 사용자의 실제 사용기록 전체를 측정하고 수집하여, 이 데이터를 기반으로 분석을 실시했다는 점에서 큰 의의를 갖는다고 할 수 있다. 사용자가 자신의 모바일 기기에 설치된 다양한 앱을 설치해놓고 이들 중 자신의 필요에 적합한 것을 선택하여 사용하게 되는데, 이 선택에 영향을 미치는 요인이 카테고리 별로 다를 것이라는 점을 고려하여, 다변량 프로빗 모형을 활용하여 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과로 앱 사용에 영향을 미치는 요인이 앱 카테고리 별로 달라지는 것과 앱 카테고리 선택 간의 상관관계를 제시하였으며, 사용자의 앱사용 목적에 따라 쾌락성(Hedonic)과 실용성(Utilitarian)으로 구분지어 설명하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2009

본 연구는 서울시에서 전형적인 소수민족집단체류지역(ethnic enclave)의 형태를 보이고 있는 가리봉동 "옌볜거리"의 장소성 형성 요인을 분석하고 그것이 함축하고 있는 의미를 찾음으로써, 국내 외국인 거주자 및 주거지역의 증가에 의한 문화적 다양성을 수용하고 그러한 다양성이 긍정적으로 발현될 수 있는 도시경관 형성에 기초적 자료를 제공하기 위하여 수행되었다. 소수민족집단체류지역(ethnic enclave)으로서의 옌볜거리의 장소성을 형성하는 요인은 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 장소성을 형성하는 물리적 환경 요인으로 나타난 쪽방촌과 열악한 공간적 환경은 외부자의 부정적 인식과는 달리 거주자에게는 그들의 경제여건에 부합하는 긍정적인 의미를 보였다 둘째, 연길에서의 그것과 유사한 색채 및 한글과 한문이 혼용된 간판은 옌볜거리에서의 장소성을 형성하는 물리적 환경 요인으로서, 내부인인 조선족에게는 구성원들 간의 내적 소통의 수단으로 조선족 문화의 정체성을 나타내는 요인으로 해석되었다. 셋째, 옌볜거리에서는 물리적 건축 환경 요소보다는 집단적 삶의 일상성을 충족시키는 구매활동, 여가 및 정보교환 활동이 장소성 형성에 더욱 크게 작용하고 있었다. 넷째, 공간적 전유(appropriation)현상과 주변과의 격리현상이 뚜렷이 나타났으며, 이러한 격리현상은 외부인에게 부정적 장소성을 형성하고 있었다. 다섯째, 조선족의 고향에 대한 인식, 문자 및 언어, 음식문화 등에서의 문화적 이중성(dualism) 및 혼재(mingling) 양상은 현재 옌볜거리의 장소성을 형성하는 주요한 요인으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 옌볜거리의 장소적 현상에 있어서 임시성(temporariness)이 두드러졌으며, 이러한 임시성은 불법체류라는 조건 하에서 더욱 강화되고, 이는 주거환경에 대한 무관심 등의 부정적 결과를 야기할 수 있으나, 동시에 그러한 임시성으로 인한 불안감을 완화시키고, 내부자간의 협력과 유대를 강화함으로써 긍정적으로 작용하는 장소성 형성 요인으로 나타났다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제14호
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• pp.53-83
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• 2012

This thesis is a study of artistic measures and climate refugees, based on Hack's World Climate Refugee Camp project. According to Hack, climate refugees appeared with the process of globalization. Hack claimed that the people who put climate refugees in danger are the industrialized nations, and therefore, their rejection of refugees is nonsense. He also stated that the fundamental solution would be the active participation of such nations. Thus, he travels around the world, encouraging participants and globalizing his project. Interestingly, the practical participation method of his climate calamity project is divided into four methods, which are all related to realizing the danger and presenting various solutions. First, the aesthetic of survival: the reason Hack focused on the warming trend and claimed that we have to accept the climate refugees as refugees comes from the thought that we are all potential refugees, and the anxiety that climate refugees may cause war in the end. The solution Hack found for surviving in such a world is to create "refugee camps" to notify people about the seriousness of climate change, and to put the "aesthetic for survival" in action. Second, a relation-oriented relationship: communication between Hack and the participants was done in various ways. They are experiencing a bond and emotions of an interrelationship through their actions in the experimental field, experiencing a new form of art, which they were not able to experience in a museum. Third, a utopian measure: Hack's utopian measure started from the fear of dystopia but Hack still believes that it is not only a dream, but that it can be realized. He claims that even though the start may be feeble, it is possible to rescue children from starvation and to treat climate refugees as proper human in the end, when communication and cooperation is done the right way and properly. Fourth, the aesthetic of global relation, the internet: the new solution Hack is trying on the internet is to make more people participate in his project. It is fate that "human are the wrongdoer and the victim at the same time", but according to Hack's opinion, social disaster can be avoided through effort and it is optimistic that we can give form to the culture revolution we are experiencing now. Hack's project illustrated the importance of daily life, compared to art inside a museum, through active participation of the people and opened up a new method of art through realistic responses to disasters. This is distinctive from the past exhibitions, where artists gave shape and form to ideals and an imaginary world, in that it shows that the artist and audience aim for creating a community-like structure, just like Bourriaud's art method. Hack's project of climate calamity illustrates that installation and action art is not only an art genre which shows installation and activities, but that it can include social and political issues and that it can be completed with the help of participants, consequently becoming a genre of modern art. Hack raises a question about art's identity through various descriptions. Artists as planners, who base their artworks on their subjectivity or the characteristics of a specific period, the people as participants, the duet of art work and play, human and human, and further, human and nature. The practical participation method, as a measure for "disaster", reveals the new art of the 21st century within Hack's artworks. Even though there are several problems with Hack's usage of art as a measure for disaster, it will actively open up a new page for the 21st century's art with the theme of disaster.