• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.225-228
• /
• 2004

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important enzyme which catalyzes superoxide radicals to hydrogen peroxide. A Cu, Zn sod-like gene was found in Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus encoding 151 amino acids. To demonstrate its function, a recombinant virus named dsBmNPV with deleted sod gene was constructed. It was discovered that the sod gene was not essential for viral replication. Studies on growth of budded virus in BmN cells and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in vivo after dsBmNPV infection showed that the titer of dsBmNPV decreased obviously comparing to wild type BmNPV, the sod gene was effective on genomic DNA replication of baculovirus, the peak of SOD activity of silkworm infected with wt-BmNPV appeared between 36 and 48 hrs post infection, and with dsBmNPV, it did not appear. And the changes of CAT activity after infection were similar to SOD activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.28 no.12
• /
• pp.2329-2332
• /
• 2007

Salsolinol, endogenous neurotoxin, is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we have investigated the oxidative damage of DNA induced by the reaction of salsolinol with Cu,Zn-SOD. When plasmid DNA incubated with salsolinol and Cu,Zn-SOD, DNA cleavage was proportional to the concentrations of salsolinol and Cu,Zn-SOD. The salsolinol/Cu,Zn-SOD system-mediated DNA cleavage was significantly inhibited by radical scavengers such as mannitol, ethanol and thiourea. These results indicated that free radicals might participate in DNA cleavage by the salsolinol/Cu,Zn-SOD system. Spectrophotometric study using a thiobarbituric acid showed that hydroxyl radical formation was proportional to the concentration of salsolinol and was inhibited by radical scavengers. These results indicated that hydroxyl radical generated in the reaction of salsolinol with Cu,Zn-SOD was implicated in the DNA cleavage. Catalase and copper chelators inhibited DNA cleavage and the production of hydroxyl radicals. These results suggest that DNA cleavage is mediated in the reaction of salsolinol with Cu,Zn-SOD via the generation of hydroxyl radical by a combination of the oxidation reaction of salsolinol and Fenton-like reaction of free copper ions released from oxidatively damaged SOD.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.1399-1402
• /
• 2007

The virulence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) mutants of Vibrio vulnificus, as tested by intraperitoneal injection into mice, decreases in the order of sodC mutant, sodA mutant, and sodB mutant lacking CuZnSOD, MnSOD, and FeSOD, respectively. The survival of SOD mutants under superoxide stress also decreases in the same order. The virulence of soxR mutant, which is unable to induce MnSOD in response to superoxide, is similar to that of the sodA mutant, as the survival of the soxR mutant under superoxide stress is similar to that of the sodA mutant. Consistently, the lowered survival of the soxR mutant is complemented not only with soxR but also with sodA. Thus, the virulence of V. vulnificus is significantly affected by the cellular level of SOD activity, and an increase in SOD level through MnSOD induction by SoxR under superoxide stress is essential for virulence.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
• /
• 1994.10a
• /
• pp.250.1-250
• /
• 1994

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.460-465
• /
• 1992

The effect of PSOD expression on lacZ-sodP fusion (pYK4) was explored in Escherichia coli sodA sodB mutants (QC774) under oxidative stress. In this system, although .betha.-galactosidase activity was not fully induced by isopropyl-1-thio-.betha.-galactosidase (IPTG) and was inhibited by glucose, functional PSOD was under lacZ promotor control and was induced by IPTC, lactose, PQ and copper isons, finally, the results show that higher PSOD expression leel was consistently importnat in defending against superoxide radicals.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.270-275
• /
• 2005

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are metalloenzymes that convert $O_2^-\;to\;H_2O_2$. Rehmannia glutinosa is highly tolerant to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. The primary objective of this study was to characterize regulation of SOD gene expression in R. glutinosa in response to oxidative stresses and hormones. A full-length putative SOD clone (RgCu-ZnSOD1) was isolated from the leaf cDNA library of R. glutinosa using an expressed sequence tag clone as a probe. RgCu-ZnSOD1 cDNA is 777 bp in length and contains an open reading frame for a polypeptide consisted of 152 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of the clone shows highest sequence similarity to the cytosolic Cu-ZnSODs. The two to three major bands with several minor ones on the Southern blots indicate that RgCu-ZnSOD1 is a member of a small multi-gene family. RgCuZnSOD1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the leaf, flower and root. The expression of RgCu-ZnSOD1 mRNA was increased about 20% by wounding and paraquat, but decreased over 50% by ethylene and $GA_3$. This result indicates that the RgCu-ZnSOD1 expression is regulated differentially by different stresses and phytohormones at the transcription level. The RgCu-ZnSOD1 sequence and information on its regulation will be useful in investigating the role of SOD in the paraquat tolerance of R. glutinosa.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.7
• /
• pp.1006-1012
• /
• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate effects of zinc (Zn) bearing palygorskite (ZnPal) supplementation on growth performance, hepatic mineral content, and antioxidant status of broilers at early age. Methods: A total of 240 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allocated into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 8 chicks each. Birds in 5 treatments were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (Control group; Analyzed Zn content: 81 mg/kg), 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal for 21 days, respectively. Blood, liver and intestinal mucosa were collected at 21 days of age. Results: Treatments did not affect growth performance of broilers during the 21-day study (p>0.05). The contents of hepatic Zn and magnesium (Mg) were linearly increased (p<0.001) by ZnPal supplementation. ZnPal inclusion linearly (p = 0.007) reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in serum. The activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in liver increased linearly (p = 0.001) with concentration of ZnPal in diet. ZnPal inclusion linearly (p = 0.036) and quadratically (p = 0.005) increased T-SOD activity, and linearly (p = 0.012) increased copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) activity in jejunal mucosa. The maximum responses of hepatic and jejunal antioxidant enzymes activities (T-SOD and Cu/Zn SOD) were found when supplementing the basal diet with 60 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal. Furthermore, ZnPal supplementation quadratically (p = 0.001) increased Cu/Zn SOD activity in ileal mucosa, and its maximum activity was observed in the diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal. Conclusion: ZnPal supplementation did not alter growth performance of broilers. Dietary ZnPal inclusion could increase concentrations of hepatic trace minerals (Zn and Mg) and inhibit lipid peroxidation by reducing serum MDA accumulation, with the optimal dosage of Zn from ZnPal being 80 mg/kg diet (analyzed Zn content in the diet: 165 mg/kg), and 60 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal (analyzed Zn content in the diet: 148 mg/kg) was the optimum dosage for broilers to achieve maximum antioxidant enzyme activities.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 1985

This study was carried out to observe the formation of superoxide radicals and the changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase (EC.1.15.1.1.) from the various organs of a rat which was blocked tricarboxylic acid cycle. In order to block the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the beta-fluoroethylacetate was injected into peritoneal cavity of rat and removed the various tissues from the rat at internals of an hour. By tissue extracts being prepared by the method of Weigiger and Fridovich the activities of superoxide dismutase, aconitase, and contents of bliid glucose, citrates, and wuperoxide radicals were determined. The experimental results are summarized as follows: Accumulation of citrates if increased within three hours after treatment in the all tested tissues, especially, in the geart and spleen they are higher than one of other tissues as 12 and 20 times of control. The activities of aconitase are ingibited to 30-35% on an hour after beta-fluoroethylacetate treatment comparing with that of control rat. The content of blood glucose is increased to 1.6 fold of normal value after 5 hours of treatment. In all tested tissues, superoxide radicals are formed in the heart as 0.26 micromoles per gram tissue between one and three hours after treatment. The activities of total superoxide dismutase are increased between one and three hours after treatment in the all tested tissues and one of these enzymes in heart is highest. The activities of superoxide dismutase containing Mn are also increased with an increase of total superoxide dismutase activities.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 1996

Using superoxide dismutase (SOD)-deficient mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the oxidative stresses induced by 0.1 mM of copper ion $(Cu^{++})$ was studied. In aerobic culture condition, yeasts lacking MnSOD (mitochondrial SOD) showed more significant growth retardation than CuZnSOD (cytoplasmic SOD)-deficient yeasts. However, not so big differences in growth pattern of those mutants compared withwild type were observed under anaerobic condition. It was found that, under aerobic condition, the supplementation of 0.1 mM copper ioh:(Cu") into culture medium caused the remarkable increase of CuZnSOD but not so significant change in MnSOD. It was also observed that catalase activities appeared to be relatively high in the presence of copper ion in spite of the remarkable reduction of glutathion peroxidase in CuZnSOD-deficient yeasts, but the slight increments of catalase and glutathion peroxidase were detected in MnSOD-deficient strains. It implies that the lack of cytoplasmic SOD could be compensated mainly by catalase. However, these phenomena resulted in the significantincrease of cellular lipid peroxides content in CuZnSOD-deficient yeasts and the slight increment of lipid peroxides in MNSOD-deficient cells. In anaerobic cultivation supplementing copper ion, the cellular enzyme activities of catalase and glutathion peroxidase in SOD-deficient yeasts were slightly increased without any significant changes of lipid peroxides in cell membrane. It suggests that a little amount of free radicals generated by copper ion under anaerobic condition could be sufficiently overcome by catalase as well as glutathion peroxidase.dase.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2002

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress in plants. We have developed transgenic tomato plants overexpressing a cassava SOD in fruits. Three transgenic tomato plants (one from cv. Pink forcer and two from cv. Koko) using a new vector system, ASOp :: . mSOD1/pBI101, harboring ascorbate oxidase promoter (ASOp) expressing dominantly in cucumber fruits, CuZnSOD cDNA (mSOD1) isolated from cultured cells of cassava, and nptll gene as a selectable marker were successfully developed. SOD specific activity (units/mg protein) in transgenic fruits of both cultivars was increased with maturation of the fruits. SOD specific activity of well-mature fruits in transgenic Pink forcer and Koko showed approximately 1.6 and 2.2 times higher than control fruits, respectively. The strength of SOD isoenzyme bands well reflected the SOD activity during the fruit maturation. These results suggested that SOD gene was properly introduced into tomato fruits in a fruit-dominant expression manner by ASO promoter.