• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.182-191
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcome of proton therapy (PT) in patients with chordoma. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight patients with chordoma treated with PT between June 2007 and December 2015 at the National Cancer Center, Korea, were retrospectively analyzed. The median total dose was 69.6 cobalt gray equivalent (CGE; range, 64.8 to 79.2 CGE). Local progression-free survival (LPFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: With the median follow-up of 42.8 months (range, 4 to 174 months), the 5-year LPFS, DMFS, OS, and DSS rates were 87.9%, 86.7%, 88.3%, and 92.9%, respectively. The tumor location was associated with the patterns of failure: the LPFS rates were lower for cervical tumors (57.1%) than for non-cervical tumors (93.1%) (p = 0.02), and the DMFS rates were lower for sacral tumors (53.5%) than for non-sacral tumors (100%) (p = 0.001). The total dose was associated with both the LPFS rate and DMFS rate. The initial tumor size was associated with the DMFS rate, but was not associated with the LPFS rate. Three patients had grade 3 late toxicity with none ≥grade 4. Conclusion: PT is an effective and safe treatment in patients with chordomas. The tumor location was associated with the patterns of failure: local failure was common in cervical tumors, and distant failure was common in sacral tumors. Further refinement of PT, such as the utilization of intensity modulated PT for cervical tumors, is warranted to improve the outcome.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.406-409
• /
• 2007

A 12-year-old female mixed Chihuahua dog was referred because of acute blindness and progressive tetraparesis. Mutifocal lesions in the cerebrum were noted on brain magnetic resonance images and cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed monocytic pleocytosis. Based on these results, granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME) was strongly suspected. Cerebral lesions were definitely diagnosed as GME based on histopathological findings and positive results of immunohistological stains of brain with T-cell marker (CD3). This report describes the clinical findings, diagnostic imaging characteristics, and immunohistopathologic features of GME in an old dog. In addition, this case demonstrates that clinical signs of GME were mediated by perivascular infiltration of T lymphocytes and identification of causes in T cell-mediated inflammation should be further studied.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.335-341
• /
• 2011

In this study, 22 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae including Citrobacterfreundii (6 strains), Enterobacter cloacae (5 strains), Enterobacter aerogenes (3 strains), Serratia marcescens (7 strains) and Pantoea spp. (1 strain) were investigated for the biofilm forming ability and biosynthesis of curli and cellulose. Biofilm forming ability was the highest among the isolates of E. cloacae and the lowest among the isolates of E. aerogenes. The expression of the biofilm-forming extracellular matrix components, cellulose and curli fimbriae, was examined by Congo-red (CR) staining and calcofluor staining methods. PCR screening for the presence of curli gene (csgA) revealed that 4 strains of E. cloacae and 1 strain of C. freundii carried the csgA, showing a good correlation between the phenotypic detection of curli fimbriae by CR staining method and the genotypic detection of curli gene by PCR in E. cloacae.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.88-96
• /
• 2010

Purpose: Doxylamine is antihistamine drug that is used as a hypnotic. It is also used for suicidal attempts because it can be easily purchased at the pharmacy without a prescription. There were many articles about the complications after doxylamine intoxication such as a rhabdomyolysis, but only a few articles have reported on seizure. We reviewed the cases of doxylamine intoxication with seizure that were treated in the emergency department. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of the patients who were over 15 years old and who were intoxicated by doxylamine at 3 emergency medical centers from January 2006 to June 2010. We reviewed the patients' age, gender, the dose of doxylamine ingested, if gastrointestinal decontamination was done, the time from intoxication to hospital arrival, the seizure history, treatment of seizure, the electroencephalography (EEG) results, the brain computed tomography (CT) results and the blood test results. Results: There were 168 patients who were intoxicated by doxylamine during the study period. Twelve patients had a seizure episode. The differences between the patients who developed seizure and the patients who did not were the dose and the serum levels of sodium and creatinine. The only clinically meaningful difference was the amount of doxylamine. The amount of doxylamine ingested (>29 mg/kg) predicted the development of seizure with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 92% on the ROC curve. One patient among the seizure patients expired in the emergency department. Conclusion: In case of doxylamine intoxicated patients, there is close relationship between seizure and ingested amount, so close observation needs to be done for the patients who ingest too much because doxylamine can cause death. Further prospective studies are needed for doxylamine intoxicated patients with a seizure episode.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2019

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent and commonly detected in marine ecosystem. They coexist with a various contaminants including heavy metals in real environment, but most studies have been still focused on single effects of these contaminants to aquatic organisms. In this study, the single and combined effects of benzy[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and HgCl₂ were investigated in the brackish water flea, Diaphanosoma celebensis. For combined effect study, three mixtures A (3:7), B (5:5), and C (7:3) of benzy[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and HgCl₂ were determined by 48 h - LC₅₀ values of single exposure. Combined effects of both chemicals were estimated by concentration addition (CA) model and independent action (IA) model. As results, 48 h - LC₅₀ values of benzy[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and HgCl₂ was 25.75 ㎍ l^-1 and 3.6 ㎍ l^-1, respectively. TU values of mixture A, B, and C were 1.06, 0.83, and 0.96, respectively, indicating additive effects of mixtures using CA model. This study will be helpful as basic data for understanding the combined effects of contaminants in marine environment.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.56 no.1
• /
• pp.34-46
• /
• 2019

This paper provides the numerical results for the self-propulsion performance in waves of a car ferry vessel with damage in one of its twin-screw propulsion systems without flooding the engine room. The numerical simulations were carried out according to the Safe Return to Port (SRtP) regulation made by the Lloyd's register, where the regulation requires that damaged passenger ships should have an ability to return to port with a speed of 6 knots in a Beaufort 8 sea condition. For the validation of the present numerical analysis study, the resistance performance and the self-propulsion performance of the car ferry in intact and damaged conditions in calm water were calculated, which showed a satisfactory agreement with the model test results of Korea Research Institute of Ship and Ocean engineering (KRISO). Finally, the numerical simulation of self-propulsion performance in waves of the damaged car ferry ship was carried out for a normal sea state and for a Beaufort 8 sea state, respectively. The estimated average Brake Horse Power (BHP) for keeping the damaged car ferry ship advancing at a speed of 6 knots in a Beaufort 8 sea state reached about 47% of BHP at MCR condition or about 56% of BHP at NCR condition of the engine determined at the design state. In conclusion, it can be noted that the engine power of the damaged car ferry ship in single propulsion condition is sufficient to satisfy the SRtP requirement.

• Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.3211-3225
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting job satisfaction of PACU (post-anesthesia care unit) nurses in the context of job stress, organizational culture and professional identity. A total of 149 nurses participated in the cross-sectional, descriptive study suing a structured questionnaire. Job stress in pay and treatment category, innovation-oriented culture, relation-oriented culture, and professional identity were positively correlated with job satisfaction (r=.373, p<.001; r=.507, p<.001; r=.559, p<.001; r=.544, p<.001). The factors related to job satisfaction were professional identity (${\beta}=.391$, p<.001), relation oriented culture (${\beta}=.302$, p<.001), innovation oriented culture (${\beta}=.209$, p=.004), which accounted for 48.7% of the variance in job satisfaction. Professional identity was the most significant predictor of job satisfaction. Thus, in order to enhance the job satisfaction of nurses in the PACU, it is necessary to develop an education program that can improve professional identity and apply strategies for fostering relation and innovation oriented organization culture.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2019

This paper considers a numerical assessment of the self-propulsion performance of a damaged ferry carrying cars in irregular waves. Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations were performed to see whether the ferry complied with the Safe Return to Port (SRtP) regulations of Lloyd's register, which require that damaged passenger ships should be able to return to port with a speed of 6 knots (3.09 m/s) in Beaufort 8 sea conditions. Two situations were considered for the damaged conditions, i.e., 1) the portside propeller was blocked but the engine room was not flooded and 2) the portside propeller was blocked and one engine room was flooded. The self-propulsion results for the car ferry in intact condition and in the damaged conditions were assessed as follows. First, we validated that the portside propeller was blocked in calm water based on the available experimental results provided by KRISO. The active thrust of starboard propeller with the portside propeller blocked was calculated in Beaufort 8 sea conditions, and the results were compared with the experimental results provided by MARIN, and there was reasonable agreement. The thrust provided by the propeller and the brake horsepower (BHP) with one engine room flooded were compared with the values when the engine room was not flooded. The numerical results were compared with the maximum thrust of the propeller and the maximum brake horse power of the engine to determine whether the damaged car ferry could attain a speed of 6 knots(3.09 m/s).

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.136-142
• /
• 2019

Drought stress is considered as one of major abiotic stresses; it leads to reduce plant growth and crop productivity. In this study, we selected bacterial strains for alleviating drought stress in chili pepper plants. As drought-tolerant bacteria, 28 among 447 strains were pre-selected by in vitro assays including growth in drought condition with polyethylene glycol and plant growth-promoting traits including production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, indole-3-acetic acid and exopolysaccharide. Sequentially, 7 among pre-selected 28 strains were screened based on relative water content (RWC); GLC02 and KJ40, among seven strains were finally selected by RWC and malondialdehyde (MDA) in planta trials under an artificial drought condition by polyethylene glycol solution. Two strains GLC02 and KJ40 reduced drought stress in a natural drought condition as well as an artificial condition. Strains GLC02 or KJ40 increased shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll and stomatal conductance while they decreased MDA in chili pepper plants under a natural drought condition. However, two strains did not show biocontrol activity against diseases caused by Phytophthora capsici and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria in chili pepper plants. Taken together, strains GLC02 or KJ40 can be used as bio-fertilizer for alleviation of drought stress in chili pepper plants.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.329-336
• /
• 2019

The study was to identify the factors affecting accomplishment of outcome-based education of nursing students. Study subjects were recruited 364 nursing students of junior and senior. We collected data using self-reported questionnaire of communication competence, critical thinking disposition, self-leadership, research competence and accomplishment of outcome-based education. accomplishment of outcome-based education showed statistical differences according to grade, understanding of outcome-based education, satisfaction of outcome-based education, and experience of clinical practicum. Accomplishment of outcome-based education was positively correlated with communication competence, critical thinking disposition, self-leadership and research competence. The influences of accomplishment of outcome-based education were satisfaction of outcome-based education (${\beta}=0.33$, p<0.001), self-leadership (${\beta}=0.21$, p<0.001), research competence (${\beta}=0.18$, p<0.001), critical thinking disposition (${\beta}=0.17$, p<0.003), communication competence (${\beta}=0.14$, p=0.006), and experience of clinical practicum (${\beta}=0.10$, p=0.023). These variables explained 38.1% of total valiance on the accomplishment of outcome-based education. It would need to develop and apply formal and non-formal educational courses for enhancing self-leadership, research competence, critical thinking disposition, and communication competence.