• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.853-857
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• 2013

We design, develope and test a parallel active polymer pen lithography (PPL) device, which consists of individually addressable elastomeric probe tips. The PPL array chip is fabricated using soft lithography method with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material. Individual probe can be pneumatically actuated via a computer controlled interface. We demonstrate parallel writing with 16 individually addressed pens, with each pen producing a different pattern in the same run. The largest proof-of-concept array fabricated is $4{\times}4$ with a spacing of $250{\mu}m$ in both x and y axes.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.139-142
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• 2004

X-band Waveguide slot way antenna is developed for heliborne MTD radar applications. The antenna is composed of multi-layer waveguide structures. Each of them has it's own functions, such as, radiation, power/phase distribution, coupling, etc. Broad-wall offset slots are used for radiators, inclined slots on broad-wall for power distribution to radiating(branch) waveguide, some kind of coaxial probe structures for in-phase coupling and H-plane T-junction power dividers. Antenna is realized by precision machining and careful assembly. It is tested and measured by 3m${\times}$l.7m planar near-field probe, which is set-up in MTG. Far-field calculations have good agreement in tolerable bounds. Special but necessary process such as brazing, will increase the accuracy and performance. Results show promising possibilities of future applications for real systems.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.315-320
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• 1984

The newly discovered minerals found during 30 years have been discovered with election microprobe analysis, and several other new minerals have been described largely on the basis of probe analysis. Widely used types of instrument are the wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS) and the energy dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), with emitted X-ray dispersed by a curved crystal that is arranged to satisfy the Bragg equation ($n{\lambda}=2dsin{\theta}$). Atomic Nos of Z 4 to 92 can be analyzed quantitatively if they present in amount exceeding 50~100ppm. The application of the microprobe in mineralogical and geological research is quantitative chemical analysis of grains as small as a few microns in diameter, individual grains in a rock or can be analyzed in thin section and polished section, analysis can be made comparatively short time, methods in non-destructure, to photographical and crystallographical information. This paper was written in order to document data evaluation procedure for quantitative energy dispersive election probe analysis.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1997

A hitherto unknown diphenylbutadiene analog viz. 1-(p-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-methyl-1E,3E-butadiene (10) has been prepared and its absorption, excitation, and fluorescent emission properties in different media including various organic solvents and aqueous bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been studied. For comparision, these properties have also been investigated for the parent diphenylbutadiene (2). Diene 10 exhibits solvent polarity/polarizability-sensitive fluorescence properties ($\lambda$$_{max}$, $\Phi$$_f$, $\tau$$_f$, K$_f$, f). It also binds to the hydrophobic domains of aqueous bovine serum albumin (BSA) with a binding constant of 3.89 x 10$^4$ M$^{-1}$. The relative fluorescence quantum yield of 10 increases, while, the fluorescence lifetime decreases with increasing concentration of-BSA. The results highlight the polar character of the singlet excited state of diphenylpolyenes and the utility of 10 as fluorescence probe for studying microenvironments of organized assemblies and biological supramolecular structures.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.804-808
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• 1998

The inductively coupled plasma(ICP) etching of platinum with BCl$_3$/Cl$_2$ gas chemistry has been studied. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the chemical binding states of the etched surface. The plasma characteristics was extracted from optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and a single Langmuir probe. In this case of Pt etching using BCl$_3$/Cl$_2$ gas chemistries, the result of OES and Langmuir probe showed the increase of Cl radicals and ion current densities in the plasmas with increasing Cl$_2$ gas ratio. At the same time, XPS results indicated that the intensities of Pt 4f decreased with increasing Cl$_2$ gas ratio. The decrease of Pt 4f intensities implies the increase of residue layer thickness on the etched Pt surface.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1625-1630
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• 2004

An experimental study was carried out to investigate influence of flow conditions on a boundary layer to the near-wake of a flat plate. The flow condition in the vicinity of trailing edge that is influenced by upstream condition history is an essential factor that determines the physical characteristics of a near-wake. Various tripping wires were used to change boundary layer flow condition of upstream at the freestream velocity of 6.0 m/sec. Measurements of the boundary layer and near-wake according to the change of upstream conditions were conducted by using both I-probe(55P14 for boundary layer) and X-probe(55P61 for wake). Normalized velocity profiles of the boundary layer were shown the flow types such as laminar boundary layer, transition, and turbulent boundary layer at 0.95C from the leading edge. The velocity and turbulence intensity profiles of the near-wake for the case of laminar boundary layer at the flat plate surface exhibited a defect and a double peak showing perfect symmetry, respectively.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.69.1-69.1
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• 2021

We present preliminary results of the VLA archival HI data of local AGN hosts. The sample consists of the galaxies selected from the Swift-BAT hard X-ray survey. The main goal is to probe the gas environment of the sample in order to verify the role of gas accretion as one of the major AGN triggering mechanisms. HI, as a mostly diffuse and extended gas component in many galaxies, is a sensitive tracer to explore the impact of the surroundings on galaxies. In this work, we therefore probe the HI imaging data of a subsample of BAT-BASS AGN hosts, starting with the cases for which relatively high HI fluxes have been reported from the past single-dish observations. Based on their resolved HI properties, we will discuss the possibility of gas accretion and its role in powering AGNs in these examples.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.21
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• pp.419-420
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• 2008

In this work, we report several experimental data capable of evaluating the phase transition characteristics of (InTe)x(GeTe)y (x = 0.1, 0.3, y =1) pseudo-binary thin films. (InTe)x(GeTe)y phase change thin films have been prepared by thermal evaporator. The crystallization characteristics of amorphous (InTe)x(GeTe)y thin films were investigated by using nano-pulse scanner with 658 nm laser diode (power : 1~17 mW, pulse duration : 10~460 ns) and XRD measurement. It was found that the crystalline speed of In-Ge-Te thin films are faster than $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$[1] and also the crystalline temperature is higher. Changes in the optical transmittance of as-deposited and annealed films were measured using a UV-VIS-IR spectrophotometer and four-point probe was used to measure the sheeresistance of InGeTe films annealed at different temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.357.2-357.2
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• 2014

Ruthenium (Ru) 박막은 우수한 화학적 열적 안정성 및 높은 일함수(4.7eV) 특성으로 인해 20 nm급 이하의 차세대 DRAM capacitor의 전극 물질 및 Cu metalization을 위한 seed layer로 각광을 받고 있다. Ru박막의 나노스케일 정보전자소자로의 적용을 위해서는 두께제어가 용이하고 3D 구조에서 우수한 단차 피복 특성을 갖는 atomic layer deposition (ALD)을 이용한 박막 형성이 필수적이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ALD 방법을 이용하여 0가의(cymene) (1,5-hexadiene) Ru (0) (C16H24Ru) 전구체를 합성, ALD 방법을 이용하여 우수한 초기성장거동을 갖는 Ru 박막을 증착 하였다. 형성된 Ru 박막의 표면 형상, 두께, 밀도를 주사전자현미경(Scanning electron microscopy)과 X-선 반사율 측정(X-ray reflectometer)으로 조사하였다. 또한 전기적 특성을 4침법(four-point-probe)으로 측정하였고, 박막의 화학적 조성과 결정성의 정보를 X-선 광전자분광법(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy)과 X-선 회절(X-ray diffraction)을 이용하여 확인하였다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.36.1-36.1
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• 2016

The physical scenario describing the origin of quasar winds remains largely unsettled due to our failure to account for X-ray weak BAL quasars. We approach this problem by studying the relation between the inner part of the outflow which is likely to be shielding the X-ray emission and thereby helping to drive the UV winds characterised by broad absorption lines (BALs). In particular, we aim to probe the wind-shield connection in the highly X-ray variable BAL quasar PG 2112+059, which has exhibited periods of X-ray weakness and X-ray normality in the past. A set of two 20 ks Chandra observations and two contemporaneous HST observations, separated by at least eight months, combined with a nearly simultaneous archival Chandra-HST observation from 2002, afford us a unique opportunity to study the connection between the shield (which is thought to be responsible for the X-ray absorption) and the ionisation state of the wind (observed as UV BAL features; e.g., C IV and O VI lines) over various timescales.