• 한국안광학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2007

안구 조직에는 많은 양의 아연과 타우린이 존재하며 특히 망막에서 맥락막에 이르는 부위에서의 분포가 두드러지고, 이는 아연과 타우린이 이들 조직에서 중요한 역할을 담당하리라는 것을 시사한다. 또한 시각 감수성에 영향을 미치는 또 다른 인자로서, 온도에 대한 연구들이 보고되고 있다. 그러나 지금까지의 많은 연구에도 불구하고 시각 순응계에서의 이들의 기능이나 상호작용은 명확히 알려져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 변온동물의 일종인 황소개구리(bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana)의 안구를 이용하여 적정 농도의 아연과 타우린의 처리와 저온효과에 따른 망막전위도(ERG)와 흡수 스펙트럼의 변화를 관찰함으로써, 이들 인자들이 시각 감수성과 시각 순응에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 아연과 타우린의 효과를 알아보기 위한 이들의 적정 농도는 각각 10-4 M과 10-5 M로 결정하였고, 저온효과를 알아보기 위한 온도 변화 과정은'$25^{\circ}C {\rightarrow}0^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}25^{\circ}C$'를 거치게 하였다. 적정 농도의 아연과 타우린의 처리와 저온효과에 의해 망막전위도 실험 결과 역치(threshold)와 망막전위도 b-파의 크기가 증가하였고, 흡수 스펙트럼 분석 결과 400~750 nm 범위에서의 흡광도 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 또한 아연과 타우린, 그리고 아연과 저온효과 간에는 상승효과가 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.1312-1320
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• 2004

최근 다양한 시각적 특징 표현들이 연구되고 많은 시스템들이 만들어졌음에도 불구하고 기존의 내용기반 영상 검색 접근 방식들은 유음성에서 한계가 있었다. 특히 사용자의 고 수준개념들과 시스템의 저 수준 특징 사이의 차이와 시각적 내용에 대한 인간의 유사성 인식의 주관성이 배제되는 한계를 지니고 있었다. 따라서 영상정보의 정확한 데이터 전달과 이를 효율적으로 검색하기 위한 방법이 요구된다. 적합성 피드백은 멀티미디어 검색에 있어 사용자가 요구하는 정보를 반영할 수 있어 영상의 검색 효율을 높일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 적합성 피드백 기법의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 경계 값과 pre-fetching을 이용하여 긍정적 피드백과 부정적 피드백을 혼합한 개선된 영상 검색 기법을 제안한다. 또한, 제안된 피드백 기법을 이용하여 기존의 검색시스템을 보다 발전시킨 영상 검색 시스템을 구현한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3132-3139
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• 2012

본 연구는 회전근개건염 환자에게 체외충격파 치료를 실시하여 통증과 기능에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 2011년 9월부터 2012년 2월까지 초음파를 통해 회전근개건염 진단을 받은 환자 32명(치료군 16명, 대조군 16명)을 대상으로 치료군에게 4주 동안 체외충격파 치료를 실시하였다. 통증은 visual analog scale(VAS)와 pressure pain threshold(PPT)를 사용하여 평가하였고 기능평가는 위해 Constant and Murley Scale(CMS)와 Simple Shoulder Test(SST)를 통해 평가 하였다. 연구 결과 체외충격파 중재 후 치료군에서는 대조군에 비해 통증과 관절가동 범위, 근력, 기능 등 모든 부분에서 유의한 변화를 보였다. 이 결과는 회전근개건염 환자에게 체외충격파 치료가 어깨의 통증과 기능에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 가능성을 시사하고 효과적인 치료방법이라 할 수 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of direction (pitch and roll) on the perception of support surface rotation while standing. Thirty young healthy subjects participated in this study. Support surface was rotated at an unexpected instant in a very slow speed (0.2 deg/s). The direction of support surface rotation was randomly chosen among pitch (forward and backward) and roll (right and left) directions. The experiment was performed with eyes open and closed. Perception performance was evaluated by the perception threshold, defined as the rotation angle of the surface at the instant when a subject recognized that the support surface was moving. Results showed that the perception threshold was smaller for roll directions than pitch directions irrespective of vision and gender (p < 0.01). This indicates that the perception of support surface rotation is more sensitive in roll direction than in pitch direction. Among three sensory functions related to postural perception, the effect of vestibular and visual functions on the direction difference of the perception should be little because of the very slow surface rotation and independence on visual conditions. Therefore, the direction dependence of perception would have been affected mainly by the somatosensory function.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare visual analogue scale (VAS), pain threshold (PT), $%RMS_{RVC}$, and EMG gaps before and after applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the upper trapezius muscle at the patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). The subjects were 4 men and 10 women composed of both the inpatients and outpatients who were diagnosed as MPS at Wonju Medical Center. VAS and PT measurements were performed to assess the subjective pain level. The reference voluntary contraction (RVC) test was performed for 15 seconds for normalization on the bilateral trapezius muscle using surface electromyography (sEMG). After 3-minute resting time, the EMG signal was recorded while performing a typing activity for 2 minutes and then TENS was applicated with a comfortable intensity for 10 minutes. The EMG activity of the upper trapezius muscle was recorded during typing for 2 minutes. The results of study were as follows: 1) VAS score was significantly decreased on the more painful side after treatment, however, it was not significantly different on the less painful side. 2) PT was increased after treatment on both sides, however, it was not significantly different between before and after the TENS application. 3) The EMG activity during typing was significantly decreased after treatment, and 4) The EMG gaps were significantly increased after TENS treatment compared to before it. Consequently, the study showed that TENS was effective in decreasing VAS, $%RMS_{RVC}$, and in increasing EMG gaps. The EMG gap analysis could be a useful method to measure pain in patients with MPS in the upper trapezius.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2007

Objective: This study was to provide a standard for the evaluation of The Korean version of Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile(K-ASP) for University students and to investigate the difference of the subjective sense recognition regarding the characteristics of sensory processing. Method: The subjects consisted of 84 University students. A researcher examined subjective sense recognition and K-ASP for subjects. Visual Analog Scale used to evaluate subjective sense recognition and K-ASP was utilized to evaluate the characteristics of sensory processing. Results: 1. The average scores and standard deviation of K-ASP were $32.93{\pm}7.88$ for low registration group, $39.39{\pm}6.55$ for sensory seeking group, $38.94{\pm}9.13$ for sensory sensitivity group, and $34.24{\pm}7.85$ for sensory avoiding group. 2. The correlation between the total score on an each quadrant and the subjective sense recognition are -.27 for low registration group, .11 for sensory seeking group, .09 for sensory sensitivity group and .12 for sensory avoiding group. It showed the statistically significant correlation between the total score of low registration and the subjective sense recognition group(p<.05). 3. The average scores and standard deviation of the subjective sense recognition were $5.22{\pm}1.56$ for high threshold and $7.28{\pm}1.70$ for low threshold. The subjective sense recognition according to the characteristics of sensory processing showed the statistically significant difference. Conclusions: This study supports the theory that there is the difference of sensory recognition according to each individual and we found that people with difficulties of sensory processing acknowledge their characteristics of sensory processing well. Evaluation of sensory processing ability through interview or questionnaire supports the fact which it is reliable.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2012

Purpose: In this study, the effects of stability exercise, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, and taping on pain and function in patients with myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius were compared. Methods: The subjects were divided into the stability exercise, ESWT and the taping treatment group and the clinical outcomes were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), pressure pain threshold (PPT) and a constant-murley scale (CMS) at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Paired t-test and ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: All groups were statistical significance in the change in visual analog scale (p<0.05). The difference between the ESWT group and taping group was statistical significance in the change in pressure pain threshold (p<0.05) except for the taping group. Using the constant-murley scale, the stability exercise group showed a significant decrease in pain, and a significant increase in ROM, ADL, strength, total score of shoulder (p<0.05); however, the ESWT group showed no difference on ADL. In addition, there was no difference in strength for the taping group. The comparison of the effect between the stability exercise group, ESWT group and taping group in CMS showed a statistical significant difference in pain, ADL and ROM (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that stability exercise, ESWT and taping could be considered an effective and efficient treatment modality for myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.245-254
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• 2020

Purpose: The study investigated the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy with myofascial release techniques (ESWT+MFR) on pain, movement, and function in patients with myofascial pain syndrome. Methods: Forty participants with upper trapezius trigger points were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups: an experimental group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The experimental group performed the ESWT+MFR, and the control group performed only myofascial release techniques. Each group was treated for 15 minutes, twice a week for four weeks. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale and a pressure pain threshold measure. Movement was assessed by cervical range of motion, and cervical and shoulder function were assessed on the Constant-Murley Scale and the Neck Disability Index before and after treatment. Results: The results indicate statistically significant improvements in the two groups on all parameters after intervention as compared to baseline (p < 0.05). As compared to the control group, the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements on the visual analogue scale and pressure pain threshold, cervical range of motion (except rotation), and on the Neck Disability Index (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The ESWT+MFR is more effective than myofascial release techniques for pain, movement, and function in patients with myofascial pain syndrome and would be clinically useful for physical therapists treating myofascial pain syndrome.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.299-319
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• 2006

본 연구는 위성 영상을 이용한 녹지 조사의 결과를 지도화하고 다양한 시기의 녹지변화 실태를 통합한 데이터베이스를 구축하여 그 결과를 토대로 GIS의 공간 객체 재정의 기법을 이용하여 녹지의 총량규제를 위한 기초자료를 확보할 수 있는 지의 가능성을 탐색하고자 출발하였다. 그리하여 사례 연구지역의 녹지 변화 추세에 대한 평가가 이루어졌고 규제 총량을 산정하는 과정에서 활용 방안이 제시되었다. 아울러 공간 객체 재정의를 통한 총량 규제 기초자료를 확보하는 데 있어 고려해야 할 기술적인 문제들과 더불어 실무에 도입시 고려하여야 할 핵심 사안(토지 모자이크의 분류, 녹피을 훼손 추세의 평가 등)에 대한 지침을 제시하였다. 기존에 조사지점에만 국한된 통계 수치정보가 광역적인 녹지 공간 변화 추이를 시각적으로 제시하는 데 많은 한계가 있었으나 공간 객체 재정의 기법의 활용을 통해 녹지의 규제 총량 결정과정의 설득력 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구가 녹지 보전에 있어 객관적인 데이터에 의거한 정책결정이 아닌 직관에 의존하여 왔던 관행을 개선될 수 있는 계기가 되어 향후 녹지보전관련 기술적인 측면이나 정책적인 측면에서 중요한 참고 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether comparing the pressure pain threshold (PPT) with an algometer before and after treatment for functional dyspepsia is of diagnostic value and investigate a possible correlation between PPT measured using an algometer and symptom improvement before and after treatment. Methods: A total of 99 patients with functional dyspepsia symptoms admitted to the OO Korean Medical Hospital from April 14, 2020 to January 21, 2021 were investigated. On the 1st and 14th days of hospitalization, the pressure of the first pain complaint at acupuncture points Juque (巨厥, CV14), Shangwan (上脘, CV13), Zhongwan (中脘, CV12), Xiawan (下脘, CV10), Guanuan (關元, CV4), Tianshu (天樞, ST25), and Daju (大巨, ST27) was measured using the algometer, and the visual analog scale (VAS) scores for patient's symptoms were evaluated. The algometer PPT and patient-symptom VAS scores were compared by repeated measures corresponding to the sample t-test to analyze the changes after treatment. A correlation analysis was performed to identify the correlation between patient-symptom VAS scores and algometer PPT. Results: The PPT measured using the algometer significantly increased after treatment in the 99 patients. The patient-symptom VAS score decreased significantly in most cases as treatment progressed. Analysis of the correlation between algometer PPT and patient-symptom VAS scores revealed some notable negative correlations. Conclusion: The algometer can help to set the diagnostic and treatment baselines for patients with functional dyspepsia.