• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.7
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• pp.34-49
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• 2016

The ancient 'sacred cloths' of Indonesia have diverse characteristics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of ancient Indonesian textiles, focusing on 'sacred cloths.' The research is divided into two parts. The first part analyzes the creation period, religious importance, region where the cloths are found, and color of the 'sacred cloths.' The second part focuses on the textile-making techniques and the ritual patterns of the 'sacred cloths.' This research is the second paper. This research analyzes 225 Indonesian sacred cloth examples chosen for their religious function in ceremony, and reviews 10 books and 8 research papers. Field research was done in the Museum of Bali, the Indonesian Museum of Textiles, and nine weaving production houses in eastern Bali. Indonesian sacred cloths express their cultural philosophy and function through production techniques, colors, techniques, and visual patterns. The 'sacred cloth'-making techniques are classified as Batik, Prada, and Ikat. The regions that contribute to the textile production determine what patterns show up on the cloths. Sumatran patterns are philosophical, lavish, and prestigious. Bornean patterns are barbaric and prestigious. Balinese patterns are complex, decorative, warm, festive, calm, and aristocratic. Javanese patterns are symbolic and repetitive. Celebes patterns are artistic and simple. Nusa Tenggara patterns are symbolic and narrative. The forms shown on the textiles, whether geometric, human and animal, natural objects, or abstract patterns, determine how to classify the varied patterns. As a result, ancient Indonesian sacred cloths characteristics portray Indonesian identity as Bhinneka Tunggal Ika(Unity in Diversity).

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2007

Despite the role of tunnels in today's roadway environment, the study on tunnel lighting is still scant. Drivers passing through a tunnel face some difficulties caused by the visual differences between outside and inside of the tunnel. The whitehole phenomenon at a tunnel exit-zone severely decreases the driver's visibility in the daytime. A probeam lighting is generally recommended for the prevention of it. This paper simulates an exit-zone with a whitehole phenomenon to verify the effect of probeam lighting. Even though the tunnel lighting is important, it is not easy to consider enough number of lighting alternatives at the stage of tunnel design due to the complexity of tunnel conditions. This paper is expected to contribute improving the visibility in tunnels, especially at the exit-zone.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.351-359
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• 2004

Purpose: A descriptive study was conducted to examine the levels of distress, state anxiety, and physiologic responses in postoperative patients under patient controlled analgesia (PCA), and to determine correlations among the variables. Method: The study sample included women who underwent an elective hysterectomy procedure or other gynecologic surgeries(N=100). Subjective distress was assessed by visual analog scales around 8 hours postoperatively. Trained nurses collected objective distress data through observation of subject's behavior and vital signs. Data were analyzed with frequencies, percentages, means, Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA, and the Scheffe post test using SPSS/PC 11.0. Result: Subjective distress, objective distress, and state anxiety scores were relatively low, except pain scores(5.31 out of 10.0) among sub-scales of subjective distress. Women who had a total abdominal hysterectomy showed significantly higher levels of both subjective distress and state anxiety than those after a minor gynecologic surgery. In relationships among variables, subjective distress correlated positively with postoperative state anxiety, but not with the amount of analgesic medication, verified by further analysis on sub-scales of subjective and objective distress. The higher the levels of state anxiety, the higher the levels of tension, dyspnea, facial change, and systolic blood pressure observed. Conclusion: Regardless of effective pain management, most postoperatively experienced distress in gynecological patients was derived from surgery associated anxiety and pain. Specific psychological strategies should be established as well for those with high levels of state anxiety to facilitate prompt recovery.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.229-237
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• 2011

All over the world, the interest in technology and industrial value has been increasing rapidly due to the continuing commercial successes of three dimensional films. However, after the commercial success of , without exception, lots of three dimensional films had been produced thoughtlessly. Hereby, these films incurred a censure owing to bad degree of completion related to insufficient storytelling and directing. For three dimensional films, characteristic of producing should be considered perfectly in the planning stage unlike previous films. This study concentrates upon proper directing for three dimensional films, and analyzes the method of it, roughly divided into three parts ; the lapse of time, directing the screen which can highlight space sense, and the point of sight. Henceforth, The demand of three dimensional contents will increase all around the world, at such time, we also should take note of the change, and then produce excellent contents which can lead to have a chance to gain the supper hand in the market of three dimensional contents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.134-141
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• 2011

This study attempts interpretation of the elements of transcendental fantasy appeared in animation. It is about the characteristics of the different spaces from the reality appeared in animation created out of imagination. In regard to the reason why such aspects of fantasy elements appeared in the whole work appear, it presents the three structures including divisional, fantasy and comprehensive structures and characteristics of spatial images of imagination presented in Gilbert Durand's "Les Strutures anthropologiques de l'Imaginaire", through visual nature, depth, and maldistribution. Thus, this study examines the elements in animation . Transcendental fantasy elements give abstract concepts to certain images as it specifically describes them in reality. The fantasy elements operate when it is viewed through the sensibility of the characters. This study attempts to closely approach the issues on how fantasy elements operate in animation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2011

As the Internet market develops and grows, the Internet advertising has emerged as a critical medium of advertisement and become important in a modern society. In addition, the Internet advertising is more fascinating and attractive than other media in terms of diversity and absorption. In the Internet banner advertising, for example, various expression methods which attract attention from users have been more than just visual advertisement, arousing curiosity and interest. Especially, humorous expressions in the Internet banner advertising have brought a new paradigm to advertising market. Therefore, this paper has investigated the patterns of humorous expressions in banner advertising and analyzed the related case studies to make a contribution to the effective production of the Internet banner advertising, which induces user awareness and selection. For this, it has been attempted to analyze humorous patterns and involvement that are found in humorous banner advertisings such as CIA Athletica, Panadol, Toy & Stok, Adidas and Lipton among the banners which have relatively high preference in Banner blogs.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2000

Purpose : Posterior Neck Pain and Back Pain are common diseases in human daily life. For reducting symptom and treatment of these diseases, many methods have been used and studied until now. The mechanisms of Ceragem Master Heat Bed(R)(Ceragem Co. Seoul, Korea) are infrared-heat therapy from natural nephrite and pressure therapy by up-down movement of natural nephrite ball. Through this study, authors would evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Ceragem Master Heat Bed(CMHB) on relieving posterior neck pain and back pain. Materials and methods : From 12-01-2000 to 01-13-2001, posterior neck pain and back pain patients were selected for experiment group(23patients) and control group(14patients). In both group, Visual Analog Scale(VAS) of pre-treatment stage is above 5 points. Experiment group were cared with acupuncture therapy, buhang therapy and CMHB. Control group were managed with only acupuncture therapy and buhang therapy. They were treated more than three times at least. At pre-treatment and post-treatment stage, we measured VAS for individual patients, and then compared effect of treatment in experiment group and in control group. Statistical analysis was preformed using SAS program. Results : In this study, a mean difference of VAS between pre-treatment and post-treatment stage was large in experiment(CMHB) group more than in control group(p〈0.01). Conclusion : Experiment(CMHB) group was more effective pain relief than control group in the treatment of posterior neck pain and back pain. CMHB was available for stimultaneous application of heat therapy and pressure massage together that gave another effects of mental stability and fatigue recovery. As the results of this study, CMHB could be used as a helpful treatment modality for posterior neck pain and back pain.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.285-288
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• 2005

If the motion is universal over the differences between the ancient age and the modern age, and between primitiveness and civilization, It is required to be studied, which make it possible to discover the universally valid interpreting elements of various societies and cultural phenomena. The study on the motion, as a base of universal motion study on animation and character modelling is considered as a very important part. The sampled motion prototype was classified by the continuity and the synchronicity that is a basis of modular analysis and of motion flow. Koguryo's mural paintings in old tombs has been the heritage and the symbol of the nation's historical identity and pride in Korean history. Koguryo is obviously a part of Korean history, which are of Korean elements. Accordingly, the mural paintings that this study has explicated is the origin as well as the history of Korean visual animation history, while the analysed and restored motion prototype is a module of Korean motion with golden section proportion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2013

In this study, we contemplated types, essence, characteristics of text data which is material for visual expression of text visualization part of data visualization research and also analysed the multidirectional means of expressive approach for it. Studies of text visualization are spread dramastically under the influence of computer development, open data, wide use of visualization tools, etc. For these reasons, text visualization works have been creating as art works or output of research through various inter-discipline convergent research with engineering, art, humanities, sociology, etc. Nevertheless the theoretical studies on text data itself and its visualization, and also systematic analysis of its approach are rarely made. Data is target of understanding and interpretation, and it has infinite information and possibility with process and approach for it. Considering the attainable status of data in future human society, text visualization which is convergent academic field of study starting with understanding and interpretation of data needs further methodological research and theoretical accumulate.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.793-798
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• 2009

Hair cut is one of the best useful technical tool for hair styling. In this study using the rule of the layers of hair design, balanced for visual art, perceptual ability and form created by the principles of analysis and offer hair cuts and hair design of the representation of regions and even hair design as the basis of a student of Hair Beauty and all the people working in the field can create a variety of hair design puts the purpose to establish a basis. The result of this study can be outline as follows: First, the step line and the movement of the relationship between the law of the layers above and below the length of the same layer techniques, the same consists of a vertical cross-section of the overall round shape of the cut same layer is created and the appropriate volume and movement, the movement of low-layer round a little bit more feeling and expression is used when you want. High-layer used to want to move a lot of light and could see that. Second, the layer of the Law and over direction, lifting, section, the line control. weight control and analyzed by principle and the principle of the process of forming the written form was unknown. Third, hair design, the expansion of the expressive power of the law of the layers, and the section of the over direction depends on the presence of line control to express the length of the outline I had to, lifting the weight to adjust form controls, and the expression of Hair Design will be expanding the width. A hair designer, a layer style to create a zone he thought the law of the first layer formative area To further the reach will be a lot of research, leading up formative aspects of this research thesis do not have missing parts, or as a result of the Beauty of Hair Design and the width of a hair design education in the field can perform to help feed the reference materials that will be.