• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.177-193
• /
• 2010

Working with the various special functions of mathematical physics and applied mathematics we often encounter inverse relations of the type $F_n(x)=\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n}A^n_kG_k(x)$ and $ G_n(x)=\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n}B_k^nF_k(x)$, where 0, 1, 2,$\cdots$. Here $F_n(x)$, $G_n(x)$ denote special polynomial functions, and $A_k^n$, $B_k^n$ denote coefficients found by use of the orthogonal properties of $F_n(x)$ and $G_n(x)$, or by skillful series manipulations. Typically $G_n(x)=x^n$ and $F_n(x)=P_n(x)$, the n-th Legendre polynomial. We give a collection of inverse series pairs of the type $f(n)=\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n}A_k^ng(k)$ if and only if $g(n)=\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n}B_k^nf(k)$, each pair being based on some reasonably well-known special function. We also state and prove an interesting generalization of a theorem of Rainville in this form.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.635-639
• /
• 2009

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 다수성인 '새들'과 단경 다수성 '사도노카'를 인공교배하여 육성한 풍안의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 풍안은 버지니아 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 단경 다분지성이다. 2. 풍안은 대광땅콩에 비해 성숙협수, 성숙협비율, 협실비율, 100립중등 양호한 등숙특성을 보이며 100립중이 88 g인 대립품종이다. 3. 도복에 매우 강한 특성을 나타내며 흑반병, 그물무늬병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. 4. 풍안은 단백질이 29.5%, 기름함량이 48.1%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 같은 특성을 가진다. 5. 풍안은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 대광땅콩에 비하여 전국평균 4.67 ton로서 16% 증수되었다. 6. 풍안은 경장이 짧고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.173-177
• /
• 2008

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 단경인 '사토노카' 와 대립인 '예천종'를 인공교배하여 육성한 풍산의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 풍산은 버지니아 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 단경 다분지성이다. 2. 풍산은 대광땅콩에 비해 성숙협비율 100립중등이 높은 양호한 등숙특성을 보이며 100립중이 95 g 인 대립품종이다. 3. 도복에 비교적 강한 특성을 나타내며 갈반병, 그물무늬병, 흑반병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. 4. 풍산은 단백질이 28.1 %, 기름함량이 48.5%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 서로 비슷한 특성을 가진다. 5. 풍산은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 대광땅콩에 비하여 전국평균 4.45MT/ha로 16% 증수되었다. 6. 풍산은 개화가 빠르고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 강원도와 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 적응성이 높은 품종이다.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.178-183
• /
• 2008

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 직립 단경 다수성인 'SP9128'과 조숙인 '대광땅콩'를 인공교배하여 육성한 선안의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 선안은 버지니아 초형으로 개화기가 빠르고 지상부 생장습성은 직립 단경 다분지성이다. 2. 선안은 대광땅콩에 비해 성숙협수, 성숙협비율, 100협립수 등이 높아 양호한 등숙특성을 보이며 100립중이 87 g인 대립품종이다. 3. 도복은 매우 강한 특성을 나타내며 갈반병, 그물무늬병, 흑반병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육후기까지 녹엽유지에 유리하였다. 4. 선안은 단백질이 28.5%, 기름함량이 50.6%이고 양질지방산중 올레산(54.3%)이 리놀산에 비해 23% 더 높아 산화안정성이 양호한 특성을 가진다. 5. 선안은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 대광땅콩에 비하여 전국평균 8.59 ton/ha로서 14% 증수되었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.467-473
• /
• 2010

A total of 4,323,781 records for informal 16 primary linear descriptive traits of dairy cows in Holstein breed from 1988 to 2007 in USA were analyzed to estimate adjustment factors for lactation number and stage. While all factors in the model were highly significant (P < 0.01), major influences on linear type traits were due to lactation number and stage. The frequencies of lactation number 1 through 6 were 58.6, 22.0, 11.8, 4.8, 2.1, and 0.8%, respectively. Further, the frequencies of lactation stage were 0.7, 76.9, 15.3, 4.9, and 2.1%, respectively, for springing, early, medium, late, and dry. To adjust 16 linear traits (stature, dairy form, strength, body depth, rump width, rump angle, legs rear view, leg set, foot angle, fore udder, rear udder height, rear udder width, udder support, udder depth, and front teat placement), additive and multiplicative adjustment factors of lactation number (lactations 2 to 4) and stage (springing, medium, late and dry) were estimated with the solutions in the generalized linear model, assigning lactation 1 and stage early as base class. Additive adjustment factors of lactation number ranged from -1.23 to 2.908, while multiplicative factors ranged from 0.853 to 2.207. Further, additive and multiplicative adjustment factors for lactation stage ranged from -0.668 to 0.785, and from 0.891 to 1.154. Application of adjustment factors to 20 randomly sampled sub-data sets produced the results that additive adjustment factors for both lactation number and stage reduced more mean square of lactation number and stage over 16 linear traits than any combination of adjustments, and leaded additive adjustment factors for both lactation number and stage as a choice of methods for adjustment of informal 16 primary linear type traits collected by classifiers of AI studs.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.286-297
• /
• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study compared the perception of customers from Korea and the U.S. on the attributes of different formats of menu labeling The specific objectives were 1) to compare the customers' perceived usefulness, ease-of-understanding, clarity, and attractiveness of different formats of menu labeling between Korea and the U.S.; and 2) to compare the customers' use intention to different formats of menu labeling between Korea and the U.S. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey was conducted in Korea and the U.S. The participants were allocated randomly to view 1 of the 7 restaurant menus that varied according to the following types of menu labeling formats: (type 1) kcal format, (type 2) traffic-light format, (type 3) percent daily intake (%DI) format, (type 4) kcal + traffic-light format, (type 5) kcal + %DI format, (type 6) traffic-light + %DI format, and (type 7) kcal + traffic-light + %DI format. A total of 279 Koreans and 347 Americans were entered in the analysis. An independent t-test and 1-way analysis of variance were performed. RESULTS: Koreans rated type 4 format (kcal + traffic light) the highest for usefulness and attractiveness. In contrast, Americans rated type 7 (kcal + traffic light + %DI) the highest for usefulness, ease-of-understanding, attractiveness, and clarity. Significant differences were found in the customers' perceived attributes to menu labeling between Korea and the U.S. Americans perceived higher for all the 4 attributes of menu labeling than Koreans. CONCLUSIONS: The study is unique in identifying the differences in the attributes of different formats of menu labeling between Korea and the U.S. Americans rated the most complicated type of menu labeling as the highest perception for the attributes, and showed a higher use intention of menu labeling than Koreans. This study contributes to academia and industry for practicing menu labeling in different countries using different formats.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand a architectural characteristics of local church in Virginia, U. S. This study focuses on not only analyzing the worship and service program inherent in the site planning of local church but also introducing worship service space and chancel elements of it in the village of garden area. We surveyed five protestant churches where are located in suburban and rural area outside of Midlothian city in the early August, 2010. I surveyed church building site and worship service space of churches focused on platform design, interviewed the historical background and program of churches with ministers, and corrected annual calender and newsletter. The results of this study are as follows. First, the characteristics of site plan have a comfortable parking lots and site of churchyard(cemetery) with playground that can take an activities out of chapel. The axis of church building follows to front street. Second, worship services keep two types of traditional and comtemporary worship in order to consider of both adult and youth members. The worship hall has a balance of bilateral symmetry. Third, the form of platform is built that is able to perform a music drama and movement of sermon without only one church, GraceLand Church that church building has over fifty years, and they stick to simple traditional type of Chancel that is established by pulpit, table(altar), baptistery(only baptist church), music instruments, and so on.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2007

Traffic grooming, in which low-rate circuits are multiplexed onto wavelengths, with the goal of minimizing the number of add-drop multiplexers (ADMs) and wavelengths has received much research attention from the optical networking community in recent years. While previous work has considered various traffic models and network architectures, protection requirements of the circuits have not been considered. In this paper, we consider survivable traffic grooming, or grooming traffic which contains a mix of circuits that need protection and that do not need protection. We assume a unidirectional ring network with all-to-all symmetric traffic with $t\geq1$ circuits between each node pair, of which s require protection. As it turns out, survivable traffic grooming presents a significant tradeoff between the number of wavelengths and the number of ADMs, which is almost non-existent in non-survivable traffic grooming for this type of traffic. We explore this tradeoff for some specific cases in this paper. We also present some new results and solution methods for solving certain non-survivable traffic grooming problems.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.33-45
• /
• 2019

This study identified types of online retail internationalization in the fast-fashion context and proposed driving factors of retailers' choices in online-based market entry following the logic of the Uppsala model and the eclectic theory. In particular, this study proposes three types of online-based internationalization: 1) entering a host market with a physical store first, and then expanding with an online store, 2) entering a foreign market with an online store, then expanding to physical stores, and 3) entering only with an online business. In addition, this study investigated the causal factors, ownership-specific and location advantages, that influence the choice of the type of developmental process of online-based internationalization. To develop theoretical and managerial insights into the issue researched, this study employed a qualitative research design involving case studies of three European fast-fashion retailers, H&M, TOPSHOP, and ASOS. This study suggested that fast-fashion retailers that enter a host market with high ownership-specific advantages are likely to choose to enter the market with physical stores and then expand with online stores. On the other hand, when faced with uncertainties attributable to low ownership-specific or location advantages, fast-fashion retailers are likely to choose to enter with an online store first and then expand with physical stores as conditions change. Consequently, this study provides a better understanding for fast-fashion retailers who are willing to expand their businesses to foreign markets via online stores.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.168-172
• /
• 2008

간식용 대립 땅콩의 선호도가 높음에 따라 대립 양질 다수성 신품종 육성을 위하여 다수성인 '신대광'과 단경 다수성 'ICGA94216'를 인공교배하여 육성한 참평의 주요 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 참평은 주경이 31 cm인 극단경 버지니아 초형으로 최근 개발한 내도복성 품종이다. 2. 참평은 대광땅콩에 비해 성숙협비율, 100협립수, 100립 중 등 양호한 등숙특성을 보이며 100립중이 88g인 대립품종이다. 3. 갈반병, 그물무늬병, 흑반병에 비교적 강하고 낙엽율도 낮아 생육후기까지 녹엽 유지에 유리하였다. 4. 참평은 단백질이 27.6%, 기름함량이 49.2%이고 지방산은 올레산과 리놀산의 비율이 같은 특성을 가진다. 5. 참평은 3년간 지역적응시험 결과 대광땅콩에 비하여 전국평균 4.35 ton/ha로서 13% 증수되었다. 6. 참평은 개화가 빠르고 병해에도 강한 편이나 충분한 성숙을 위하여 산간 고냉지를 제외한 지역에서 재배하는 것이 좋다.