• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2009

This paper investigates the possibility of controlling the response of typical portal frame structures to blast loading using a combination of semi-active and passive control devices. A one storey reinforced concrete portal frame is modelled using non-linear finite elements with each column discretised into multiple elements to capture the higher frequency modes of column vibration response that are typical features of blast responses. The model structure is subjected to blast loads of varying duration, magnitude and shape, and the critical aspects of the response are investigated over a range of structural periods in the form of blast load response spectra. It is found that the shape or length of the blast load is not a factor in the response, as long as the period is less than 25% of the fundamental structural period. Thus, blast load response can be expressed strictly as a function of the momentum applied to the structure by a blast load. The optimal device arrangements are found to be those that reduce the first peak of the structural displacement and also reduce the subsequent free vibration of the structure. Semi-active devices that do not increase base shear demands on the foundations in combination with a passive yielding tendon are found to provide the most effective control, particularly if base shear demand is an important consideration, as with older structures. The overall results are summarised as response spectra for eventual potential use within standard structural design paradigms.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.33-36
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• 2001

Torque ripple control of brush less DC motor has been the main issue of the servo drive systems in which the speed fluctuation, vibration and acoustic noise should be minimized. Most methods for suppressing the torque ripples require Fourier series analysis and either the iterative or least mean square minimization. In this paper, the novel approach to achieve the ripple-tree torque control with maximum efficiency based on the d-q-0 reference frame is presented. The proposed method optimize the reference phase current waveforms including even the case of 3 phase unbalanced condition, and the motor winding currents are controlled to follow up the optimized current waveforms by delta modulation technique. As a result, the proposed approach provides a simple and clear way to obtain the optimal motor excitation currents. The validity and practical applications of the proposed control scheme are verified through the simulations and experimental results.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2019

This paper proposes a quantitative criterion for optimization of actuator placement for the Prestress-Accumulation Release (PAR) strategy of mitigation of vibrations. The PAR strategy is a recently developed semi-active control approach that relies on controlled redistribution of vibration energy into high-order modes, which are high-frequency and thus effectively dissipated by means of the natural mechanisms of material damping. The energy transfer is achieved by a controlled temporary removal of selected structural constraints. This paper considers a short-time decoupling of rotational degrees of freedom in a frame node so that the bending moments temporarily cease to be transferred between the involved beams. We propose and test a quantitative criterion for placement of such actuators. The criterion is based on local modal strain energy that can be released into high-order modes. The numerical time complexity is linear with respect to the number of actuators and potential placements, which facilitates quick analysis in case of large structures.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.149-164
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• 2021

Most of high-rise buildings in Japan^*1 are structure with damping systems recently. The design procedure is performance-based design (PBD), which is based on the nonlinear response history procedure (NRHP) using 2 or 3-dimentional frame model. In addition, hysteretic property of steel plates or velocity-dependent property of viscous dampers are common practice for the damping system. However, for the selection of damping system, the easy dynamic analysis of recent date may lead the most of engineers to focus attention on the maximum response only without thinking how it shakes. By nature, the seismic design shall be to figure out the action of inertia forces by complex & dynamic loads including periodic and pulse-like characteristics, what we call seismic ground motion. And it shall be done under the dynamic condition. On the contrary, we engineers engineers have constructed the easy-to-use static loads and devoted ourselves to handle them. The structures with damping system shall be designed considering how the stiffness & damping to be applied to the structures against the inertia forces with the viewpoint of dynamic aspect. In this paper we reconsider the role of damping in vibration and give much thought to the basic of shake with damping from a standpoint of structural design. Then, we present some design examples based on them.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.856-860
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• 2008

Wire-suspensions in the conventional actuators mechanically support the moving part and guarantee the accuracy of the actuator without tangential tilt actuation. However, such a suspension configuration has considerable stiffness in the tangential tilt direction with two additional wire beams for the tangential tilt. Thus, we performed a design sensitivity analysis for the wire-suspension stiffness of 4-axis actuator and controlled the main parameters such as distance among wire-suspensions and wire-suspension length to allow tangential tilt flexibility. The elasticity of frame PCB that supports the moving part by wire-suspensions was also exploited to improve the flexibility of wire-suspension in the tangential tilt direction. A novel suspension structure was devised by establishing eight wire-suspensions at both sides of the moving part for electrical connection to coils. The magnetic circuit according to the proposed 4-axis actuator using multi-polar magnet and coils was also suggested for the generation of electromagnetic forces in the focusing, tracking, radial and tangential tilt directions.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2023

Structural vibrations generated by earthquakes and wind loads can be controlled by varying the structural parameters such as mass, stiffness, damping ratio, and geometry and providing a certain amount of passive or active reaction forces. A Double-Tuned Mass Dampers (DTMDs) system, which is simple and more effective than the conventional single tuned mass damper (TMD) system for vibration mitigation is presented. Two TMDs tuned to the first two natural frequencies were used to control vibrations. Experimental investigations were carried out on a three degrees-of-freedom frame model to investigate the effectiveness of DTMDs systems in controlling displacements, accelerations, and base shear. Numerical models were developed and validated against the experimental results. The validation showed a good match between the experimental and numerical results. The validated model was employed to investigate the behavior of a five degrees-of-freedom shear building structure, wherein mass dampers with different mass ratios were considered. The effectiveness of the DTMDs system was investigated for harmonic, seismic, and white noise base excitations. The proposed system was capable of significantly reducing the story displacements, accelerations, and base shears at the first and second natural frequencies, as compared to conventional single TMD.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.831-838
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• 2001

Torque ripple control of brushless DC motor has long been the main issue of the servo drive systems in which the speed fluctuation, vibration and acoustic noise need to be minimized. The vast majority of the methods for suppressing the torque ripple require the Fourier series analysis and either the iterative or least mean square minimization. In this paper, a novel approach based on the d-q-0 reference frame that achieves ripple-free torque control with maximum efficiency is presented. The proposed method optimizes the reference phase current waveforms including even the case of 3-phase unbalanced condition, and the motor winding currents are controlled to track the optimized current waveforms by the delta modulation technique. As a results, the proposed approach provides a simple and yet effectine means for obtaining the optimal motor excitation currents. The validity and applicability of the proposed control scheme are verified through simulations and experimental investigations.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 주행 노면의 형상을 재현하는 알고리즘을 기반으로, 외란 형상 정보를 활용한 차량의 진동제어 시스템과 그 결과를 제시하였다. 시스템에 전달되는 외란으로 유발되는 과도한 진동 및 그 영향을 저감시키고 안정성을 확보하는 것은 중요한 이슈이며, 특히 자동차 분야에서는 그 요구가 지속적으로 제기되고 있다. 차량의 진동과 불안정성을 유발하는 대표적인 외란 요인은 주행하는 차량 타이어에 접촉하는 불규칙한 도로면 형상이다. 따라서 이러한 외란 형상 정보를 확보하는 것은 매우 중요한 과정이다. 본 연구에서는 차체에 부착된 센서로부터 측정된 신호에 혼입된 차량의 동적 거동 영향을 배제하고 관심 도로면의 형상 정보를 재현할 수 있는 RPS 알고리즘과 이를 적용한 실험결과를 제시하였다. 이를 토대로, 예견제어 이론을 응용한 전자 제어 현가 시스템과 7 자유도 전차량 모델에 적용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 그 결과 반능동형 작동기와 결합된 지능형 제어 시스템을 통하여 자동차의 주요 성능 지수인 승차감과 조종안정성의 개선 효과를 확인하였으며, 제안한 제어 프레임의 효용성을 제시하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 효과적인 제진설계를 구현하기 위한 설계기술 개발의 일환으로 20층 라멘조 형식의 공동주택을 대상으로 최근 개발된 등 방성감쇠장치 (일명 카고메감쇠장치)를 적용하여 대상구조물-카고메감쇠장치-지지구조물로 구성된 새로운 형식의 시스템 (Kagome Damper System : KGDS)을 제안하고, 대상구조물과 지지구조물의 강성차, 감쇠장치의 크기 및 지지구조물의 적용 층수 등을 변수로 수치해석을 수행하여 제진효과를 검토해 보았다. 해석결과, 밑면전단력과 최상층 최대응답변위 감소라는 관점에서 유효한 제진효과를 얻기 위해서는 지지구조물을 3개층 높이로 설치할 경우, 대상구조물과 지지구조물 간의 강성비는 약 6.4배 이상, 감쇠장치의 사이즈는 $700{\times}700mm$ 이상을 확보할 필요가 있으며, 지지구조물을 5개층 높이로 설치할 경우에는 대상구조물과 지지구조물 간의 강성비는 약 7.0배 이상, 감쇠장치의 사이즈는 $500{\times}500mm$ 이상을 확보할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.449-470
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• 2016

Energy harvesting is an emerging technique that extracts energy from surrounding environments to power low-power devices. For example, it can potentially provide sustainable energy for wireless sensing networks (WSNs) or structural control systems in civil engineering applications. This paper presents a comprehensive study on harvesting energy from earthquake-induced structural vibrations, which is typically of low frequency, to power WSNs. A macroscale pendulum-type electromagnetic harvester (MPEH) is proposed, analyzed and experimentally validated. The presented predictive model describes output power dependence with mass, efficiency and the power spectral density of base acceleration, providing a simple tool to estimate harvested energy. A series of shaking table tests in which a single-storey steel frame model equipped with a MPEH has been carried out under earthquake excitations. Three types of energy harvesting circuits, namely, a resistor circuit, a standard energy harvesting circuit (SEHC) and a voltage-mode controlled buck-boost converter were used for comparative study. In ideal cases, i.e., resistor circuit cases, the maximum electric energy of 8.72 J was harvested with the efficiency of 35.3%. In practical cases, the maximum electric energy of 4.67 J was extracted via the buck-boost converter under the same conditions. The predictive model on output power and harvested energy has been validated by the test data.