• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.626-636
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• 2015

This paper proposes an adaptive multimodal in-vehicle information system for safe driving. The proposed system filters input information based on both the priority assigned to the information and the given driving situation, to effectively manage input information and intelligently provide information to the driver. It then interacts with the driver using an adaptive multimodal interface by considering both the driving workload and the driver's cognitive reaction to the information it provides. It is shown experimentally that the proposed system can promote driver safety and enhance a driver's understanding of the information it provides by filtering the input information. In addition, the system can reduce a driver's workload by selecting an appropriate modality and corresponding level with which to communicate. An analysis of subjective questionnaires regarding the proposed system reveals that more than 85% of the respondents are satisfied with it. The proposed system is expected to provide prioritized information through an easily understood modality.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.53-68
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• 2021

The continuous development of in-vehicle information systems in recent years has dramatically enriched drivers' driving experience while occupying their cognitive resources to varying degrees, causing driving distraction. Under this complex information system, managing the complexity and priority of information and further improvement in driving safety has become a key issue that needs to be urgently solved by the in-vehicle information system. The new interactive methods incorporating the augmented reality (AR) and head-up display (HUD) technologies into in-vehicle information systems are currently receiving widespread attention. This superimposes various onboard information into an actual driving scene, thereby meeting the needs of complex tasks and improving driving safety. Based on the qualitative research methods of surveys and telephone interviews, this study collects the information needs of the target user groups (i.e., beginners and skilled drivers) and constructs a three-mode information database to provide the basis for a customized AR-HUD interface design.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.651-657
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the system to integrate and manage the in-vehicle interactions between the drivers and the in-vehicle mobile IT devices. Background: As the mobile IT technology is being used anywhere, the drivers are interacting with the mobile IT device on driving situations. The distraction of the driver's attention causes the car accidents. It is necessary to develop the HVI(Human Vehicle Interface System) to integrate and manage the in-vehicle interactions with IT devices. Method: The HVI System is designed not as the interfacing subject but as the supervising system to monitor the driver's status and support the driver to concentrate on the primary tasks. The HVI system collects the status information of the car and driver and estimate the driving workload. Results: The HVI system controls how to provide the output information based on the driving workload. We implemented the HVI system prototype and applied in the real vehicle with the HVI cell phone and the HVI car navigation system. Conclusion: Depending on the driving situations, the HVI system prevented the information output in dangerous situation and diversified the modality and the intensity of the output information. Application: We will extend the HVI system to be connected the other various IT devices and verity the effectiveness of the system through various experiments.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.422-428
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• 1996

This study was conducted to developed to develop a simple battery-powered autonomous vehicle for greenhouse works. A steering method using speed difference of two independent driving motors was adopted. DC motor driving circuit, speed control circuit and controller using one-chip microcomputer were constructed. The inputs of controller are rolling of the vehicle and current speed of driving motors. Using these signals, automatic guidance system along furrow was developed. A computer simulation program by the kenematic analysis was developed to find out optimal control algorithm. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Automatic guidance system along the furrow that adopted two independent driving motors and rolling of vehicle was developed. 2. The results of simulation showed that PID control was adequate to automatic guidance system along furrow. 3. Two commercial 12V battery serially connected were able to drive the vehicle on the soil ground for five hours in continuous operation and for four hours in intermittent operation without recharging the battery. 4. The speed range was 0-0.7m/s and the rolling of vehicle could be controlled within $pm5^{\circ}$ range. 5. From a series of tests, developed vehicle was found to be a useful tool for greenhouse works.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2012

It is being accelerated to develop environment-friendly vehicles to solve problems on the energy and environment of earth. The electric driving motor commonly installed in these vehicles has the excellent control capability such as fast response and accurate generation to torque control command. Especially, in-wheel motor has the additional merit such as independently driving each wheel in vehicle. Recently, being developed various control algorithm to enhance the safety and stability of vehicle motion using actively the merits of in-wheel motor. In addition to that, being issued the possibility of enhancing the ride comfort and attitude of vehicle motion such as pitching and rolling. In this paper, investigate the theoretical relationship between the braking/driving force and the motion of sprung mass of vehicle and propose the control method to enhance the ride comfort and attitude of vehicle motion. The proposed control method is proved through the simulation with vehicle model provided by TruckSim software which is commercial one and specializes in vehicle dynamics.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.997-1002
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• 2007

A guideway vehicle is used in automobile, semiconductor and LCD manufacturing industries to transport products efficiently. Since the operating speed of the guideway vehicle should be increased for maximum productivity, the weight of the vehicle has to be reduced. This may cause parts in the system to fail before the life of the system. Therefore estimation of the fatigue life of the parts becomes an important problem. In this study, the fatigue life of the driving wheel in the guideway vehicle is estimated using a S-N curve. To obtain the fatigue life of a part, the S-N curve, load time history applied on a driving wheel and material property are required. The S-N curve of the driving wheel is obtained using the fatigue experiment on wheels. Load time history of the wheel is obtained from multibody dynamics analysis. To obtain the material properties of the driving wheel, which is composed of aluminum with urethane coating, a compression hardware testing has been done with the static analysis of the FE model. The fatigue life prediction using computational analysis model guarantees the safety of the vehicle at the design stage of the product.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.185-189
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• 2017

In Korea, sales of passenger cars using diesel and LPG fuels were continuously increased in recent years. From now on 2030, the registrated vehicles will close in about twenty five million in Korea. From these reason, Investigation on the comparison of exhaust emission characteristics of passenger cars using LPG and Diesel fuel in variation of driving mode and ambient conditions were conducted in this study. Exhaust emission characteristics of test vehicles were measured and analyzed by using chassis dynamometer and emission analyzer. Also, test vehicles were selected on the diesel vehicle with 1.7L engine and LPG vehicle with 2.0L engine. In order to study on emission characteristics according to driving cycles, CVS-75, NEDC, US06, SC03, Cold-FTP and HWFET were applied and the test conditions were set up the cases of A/C on and hot start. From these results, it is revealed that the NOx emission of diesel vehicle was higher than that of LPG vehicle and the case of CO emission shows the opposite patterns. In the HC emission, the emission increasing patterns not showed but the NOx emission of diesel vehicle and CO emission of LPG vehicle were showed the variation patterns according to the various driving modes.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.65 no.12
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• pp.2197-2210
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• 2016

Recently, the trend of zero emissions has increased in automotive engineering because of environmental problems and regulations. Therefore, the development of battery electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid/plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs/PHEVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) has been mainstreamed. In particular, for light-duty electric vehicles, improvement in electric motor performance is directly linked to driving range and driving performance. In this paper, using an improved design for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), the EV driving range for the light-duty EV was extended. In the electromagnetic design process, a 2D finite element method (FEM) was used. Furthermore, to consider mechanical stress, ANSYS Workbench was adopted. To conduct a vehicle simulation, the vehicle was modeled to include an electric motor model, energy storage model, and regenerative braking. From these results, using the advanced vehicle simulator (ADVISOR) based on MATLAB Simulink, a vehicle simulation was performed, and the effects of the improved design were described.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2021

Currently, self-driving vehicles are on the verge of commercialization after testing. However, even though autonomous vehicles have not been fully commercialized, 81 accidents have occurred, and the driving method of vehicles to avoid accidents relies heavily on LiDAR. In order for the currently commercialized 3-level autonomous vehicle to develop into a 4-level autonomous vehicle, more information must be collected than previously collected information. Therefore, this paper proposes a Driving Situation Judgment System (DSJS) that accurately calculates the crisis situation the vehicle is in by useing the roughness of the road and the state of the passengers of surrounding vehicles including road information and weather information collected from existing autonomous vehicles. As a result of DSJS's PDM experiment, PDM was able to classify passengers 15.52% more accurately on average than the existing vehicle's passenger recognition system. This study can be a basic research to achieve the 4th level autonomous vehicle by collecting more various types than the data collected by the existing 3rd level autonomous vehicle.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

With the appearance of self-driving cars and electric cars, the automobile industry is rapidly changing. In the midst of these changes, HMI studies are becoming more important as to how the driver obtains safety and convenience with controlling the vehicle. This study sought to understand how automobile manufacturers understand the driving situation, and how they define and limit driver interaction. For this, prior studies about HMI were reviewed and 15 participants performed an on-road study to drive vehicles from five manufacturers with using their interfaces. The results of the study confirmed that buttons and switches that are easily controlled by the user while driving were different from manufacturer to manufacturer. And there are some buttons that are more intensively controlled and others that are difficult to control while driving. It was able to derive 'selection and concentration' from Audi's vehicle, 'optimization of the driving ' from BMW's, 'simple and minimize' from Benz's vehicle, 'remove the manual distraction' from the vehicle of Lexus, and 'visual stability' from KIA's vehicle as the distinctive keywords for the HMI. This shows that each manufacturer has a different definition and interpretation of the driver's driving control area. This study has a distinct value in that it has identified the characteristics of vehicle-specific HMI in actual driving conditions, which is not apparent in appearance. It is expected that this research approach can be useful to see differences in interaction through actual driving despite changes in driving environment such as vehicle platooning and self-driving technology.