• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.514-522
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• 2017

Objective: The study aimed to assess the N use efficiency (NUE) of pig slurry (in comparison with chemical fertilizer) for each regrowth yield and annual herbage production and their nutritive value. Methods: Consecutive field experiments were separately performed using a single application with a full dose of N (200 kg N/ha) in 2014 and by four split applications in 2015 in different sites. The experiment consisted of three treatments: i) control plots that received no additional N, ii) chemical fertilizer-N as urea, and iii) pig-slurry-N with five replicates. Results: The effect of N fertilization on herbage yield, N recovery in herbage, residual inorganic N in soil, and crude protein were significantly positive. When comparing the NUE between the two N sources (urea and pig slurry), pig slurry was significantly less effective for the earlier two regrowth periods, as shown by lower regrowth dry matter (DM) yield, N amount recovered in herbage, and inorganic N availability in soil at the 1st and 2nd cut compared to those of urea-applied plots. However, the effect of split application of the two N sources was significantly positive at the last two regrowth periods (at the 3rd and 4th cut). The two N sources and/or split application had little or no influence on neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, and in vitro DM digestibility, whereas cutting date was a large source of variation for these variables, resulting in a significant increase in in vitro DM digestibility for the last two regrowth periods when an increase in NDF and ADF content occurred. Split application of N reduced the N loss via nitrate leaching by 36% on average for the two N sources compared to a single application. Conclusion: The pig slurry-N was utilized as efficiently as urea-N for annual herbage yield, with a significant increase in NUE especially for the latter regrowth periods.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.649-656
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• 2011

In this study, we made Sulgidduk with commercialized dried nonglutinous rice flour and different levels of soybean curd. For physical properties of the bean curd-Sulgidduk, its water content was increased significantly with a growing addition of soybean curd. In chromaticity, its L value(brightness) and a value(redness) were decreased significantly with more bean curd while b value(yellowness) went up in Sulgidduk with a large amount of rice flour but went down significantly in the Sulgidduk with a small amount of it. Its hardness of texture was found to be the highest in the Sulgidduk with the most dried nonglutinous rice flour and it tended to be higher with more rice flour and less soybean curd. For cohesiveness, it was recorded to be the highest in the Sulgidduk without soybean curd and showed a tendency of decreasing by adding the bean curd but increased later significantly. In addition, its springiness and brittleness became larger with addition of more dried nonglutinous rice flour. From these results, the best ratio of the bean curd-Sulgidduk to increase nutrition and absorption and to satisfy physical and sensory properties, was 420 g to 500 g of soybean curd to dried nonglutinous rice flour. Moreover, it was considered to decline the calorie of Sulgidduk by adding soybean curd as a material and to contribute to its commercialization by extending storage and preservation time of soybean curd with a short expiration date.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.443-447
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• 2002

This study was carried out to determine the differences in the growth, grain yield, and seed quality of sesame plant according to seeding date between P,E. vinyl-house and outdoor cultures. Reproductive growth period in vinyl-house culture was shorter than in outdoor culture. Stem length and capsule setting length of sesame were much longer in vinyl-house culture than in outdoor culture. Also, number of capsules per plant and 1,000 grain weight in vinyl-house culture were higher, specially the grain yield was approximately 57% more than in outdoor culture. In vinyl house culture, sesame plants sown on June 8 had longer capsule setting length, more capsules per plant, higher 1,000 grain weight, and higher percent ripened grain at the upper part of the capsule settings than those sown in May 9. They also had higher 1,000 grain weight at the middle and lower part of the capsule settings compared to May 9 seeding. However, no difference in grain yield of in seeding dates was observed. In outdoor culture, sesame plants, which was sown on May 9, had more effective branch number and capsule number and plant compared to those sown on June 8. Though sesame plants sown on May 9 had lower percent ripened grain at the upper and middle part of the capsule settings and lower 1,000 grain weight, the seed yield was similar to those sown on June 8. No difference in chromaticity value $L^*$ of sesame seeds between two culture conditions was observed. The $a^*$ value was higher in vinyl-house culture than outdoor culture while $b^*$ value was higher in outdoor culture. Sesaminol triglucoside content of sesame seeds was higher in vinyl-house culture than in outdoor culture. On the other hand, the content of sesamin and sesamolin from sesame seeds in vinyl-house culture were lower than in outdoor culture.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.512-515
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• 2004

The purpose of this experiment was to obtain informations about variation of anthocyanin content within black-seeded soybean testa according to cultivation and harvest time. Three varieties, Ilpumgeomjeongkong, Geomjeongkong 2, Tawonkong were tested in this experiment. Seeds were planted on April 15 (early planting), May 15 (optimum planting), and June 15 (late planting), respectively. Harvest time was R6 (full seed), R7 (physiological maturity), and R8 (harvest maturity), respectively. The content of delphinidin-3-glucoside (D3G), cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), petunidin-3-glucoside (Pt3G), and total anthocyanin (TA) had all increased gradually from April 15 to June 15 as well as R6 to R8. There was no varietal difference in D3G, but C3G and TA of Geomjeongkong 2 were higher than other two varieties. Pt3G was the highest Tawonkong of varieties. The value of L as anthocyanin color difference had gradually decreased from April 15 to June 15 and R6 to R8, Geomjeongkong 2 among three varieties was the lowest. The value of a was the highest on May 15 and increased gradually from R6 to R8, Geomjeongkong 2 was the lowest. The value of b was the highest on June 15 as late planting and was the highest Geomjeongkong 2 of varieties. The value of b had increased gradually from R6 to R8. D3G, C3G, Pt3G, and TA contents showed mutually high positive correlation and these four characters were represented high negative correlation with L value but showed high positive correlation with a and b values. The value of L showed high negative correlation with a and b values. The value of a showed high positive correlation with b value.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.25
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• pp.449-461
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• 2016

This study was to investigate convention service quality that affect convention destination visiting values and intention to behavior from foreign convention attendances' perspectives. From the literature review, convention service quality and destination visiting value were discussed to provide logical linkage among proposed concepts. A total of 308 useful date were collected from on site survey at the convention centers in Seoul. Factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to achieve the objective of this study. Factor analysis showed that there were four underlying dimensions in the convention service quality such as mutual human interaction, program quality, useful information, transportation and convenient facility. Multiple regression showed that these convention service quality affects destination visiting values and behavior intention. More discussion and implication are provided in the conclusion section.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2011

In an attempt to cope with widespread, dynamic, and accelerating changes in both internal and external business environments, companies often utilize information technologies such as SCM(Supply Chain Management). To date, SCM research has mainly focused on the effects of dynamic factors on SCM success and emphasized adoption strategies and critical success factors. Consequently, the effects of more static factors such as interdependency between SCM partners have been largely ignored. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine the effects of both dynamic and static factors on SCM performance by controlling for information quality and partnership quality. The five factors examined in this study include innovative ness, mutual dependency, quality of information, partnership quality, and SCM performance. All factors were examined from the perspective of part suppliers, except the mutual dependency which was examined from two aspects: supplier's dependency on customer and customer's dependency on supplier. Data was collected through five hundred survey questionnaires distributed to the part supplier companies that have implemented SCM systems for at least one year. As a result, a total of 170 valid responses were obtained. A structural equation research model was fitted using SAS 9.1.3 and SMART-PLS 2.0. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, innovativeness positively affected SCM information quality. SCM partnership quality, and ultimately SCM performance. The path coefficient between innovativeness and information quality was 0.387, with a t-value of 3.528. Innovativeness also had a positively direct effect on partnership quality. The path coefficient was 0.351 with a t-value of 3.366. The total effect of innovativeness on partnership quality was significant, although its indirect effect on partnership quality by altering information quality was negligible. The total indirect effect of innovativeness on SCM performance by affecting information quality and partnership quality was significant with a p-value of 0.014. Innovativeness played an important role in determining SCM performance. Second, mutual dependency showed no significant effect on SCM information quality. This result contradicts the earlier assertion that the more dependent two companies are, the more accurate and timely the information they exchange ought to be. This study showed that this may not be the case; a partner may provide information of poor quality even when it is strongly dependent on the other. Mutual dependency showed significant effect on partnership quality. However, when the mutual dependency perceived by suppliers was divided into two parts, one being a supplier's dependency on its customer company and the other being a customer's dependency on the supplier, the latter showed a significant impact on the perceived SCM partnership quality. This result indicates that a customer company can hardly improve the partnership quality perceived by suppliers by making them more dependent. It improves only when the suppliers perceive that their partners, typically having more bargaining power, are more dependent on them. The overall effect of mutual dependency of any kind on SCM performance, however, was not significant. Although mutual dependency has been mentioned as an important static factor influencing almost every aspect of cooperation on a supply chain, its influences may not be as significant as it was initially perceived to be. Third, the correlation between information quality and partnership quality was 0.448 with a p-value of less than 0.001. Information quality had a path coefficient of 0.256 to partnership quality with a t-value of 2.940. The quality of information exchanged between partners may have an impact on their partnership quality. Fourth, information quality also had a significant impact on SCM performance with a path coefficient of 0.325 with a t-value of 3.611. In this study, SCM performance was divided into four categories: product quality, cost saving, service quality, and order fulfillment. Information quality has Significant impacts on product quality, cost saving and service quality, but not on order fulfillment. Fifth, partnership quality, as expected, had a significant impact on SCM performance. The path coefficient was 0.403 with a t-value of 3.539. Partnership quality, like information quality, had positive impacts on product quality, cost saving and service quality, but showed no impact on order fulfillment. It seemed that order fulfillment is the hardest category of performance that SCM can satisfy. One major limitation of this study is that it surveyed only the suppliers. To better understand the dual aspects of SCM, it is important to survey both suppliers and the assemblers, especially in pairs. This research, to our best knowledge, was the first attempt to study the level of dependency between the two groups by measuring the dual aspects of SCM and studying mutual dependency from the categories of suppliers and assemblers each.. In the future, a more comprehensive and precise measurement of SCM characteristics needs to be achieved by examining from both the supplier's and assembler's perspectives.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.2177-2190
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• 1971

This experiment was made to determienthe effect of various soil moisture contents in simulated drought conditions on different stages of rice growth. The drought conditions were developed at such three rice-growing stages as transplanting, immediately after transplanting and young ear forming. Three different lengths of drought periods, which are ten days, twenty days and thirty days, were applied for each growing stage of rice. The rice variety used this experiment is Nong-rim 29. This experiment was conducted at the university farm of the Kon-Kuk University during the period of $1968{\sim}1970$. Three reprications for each of 12 treatments and split plot design were employed in this study. Bottomless wood square boxes, $1^m{\times}1^m{\times}1^m$, were burried in the test plot and box top was covered with poloyethylene sheets to avoid natural rainfall drops. Standard plots were irrigated continuously with a water depth of 40mm/day and those of drought treatments were irrigated continuously up to the beginning of the planned drought period, and they were irrigated again with a depth of 40mm/day up to the maturing stage of rice. Other methods for rice raising followed those methods developed by the Field Crops Experiment Station of the Office of Rural Development. During this experiments, climatic conditions in regard to rainfalls, sunshine hours, and temperatures were observed. According to this observation, those values measured deviate slightly from the annual means. However the growing condition of rice plants were normal. The pH value of irritation water is nearly neutral, and soils in the test plots are relatively fertile, being similar to ordinary paddy soils. Analysis of variances for number of stalks, plan-height, ear sprouting date, length of stalks, ear length, number of ears per plant, fertility, grain weitght, weight of plant, and yield were carried out. The variances for plant height, ear sprouting date, length of stalk ear length, and yield has statistical significance under drought treatments applied at three different growing stages. The variance showing the effect of lengths of drought period is highly significant for all the treatments studied except that of grain weight. The interaction between drought periods and drought treatments at different growing stages is significant for plant height, stalk length, ear length, number of ears, fertility and yield, these results indicated that droughts at different growing stages have influence on plant height, ear length, yield, and length of drought period also has strong influence on all factors studied except grain weight. The combination of drought treatments at different rice growing stages and lengths of drought periods has different effects on various agronomic characteristics, including yield. Plant height under drought treatment practiced at transplanting stage is the lowest, and drought treatment applied immediately after transplanting resulted in the least number of stalks. The effect of different lengths of drought periods on plant height and number of stalks depends signis ficantly on increasing days of drought. Ear sprouting date tends to be delayed for one or two days undedrought treatments at transplanting period and with increasing days of drought. Better yield is secured in drought treatment applied immediately after transplanting. Adverse effect war observed when drought treatment was applied at ear forming period. These effects may be attributed to the alternation of irrigation and drought causing vigorous root activity. In general, yield linearly decreases as the length of the drought period increases. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that, in order to mimimize damage due to drought, and, to save irrigation water, paddy fields, immediately after transplanting, may be not irrigated, since there is sufficient moisture in the soil, and that sufficient irrigation water should be applied again in the ear forming stage of rice plant.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.61-78
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• 2019

When calculating gains from transfers of assets inherited or donated, the value recognized at the market price as of the date of inheritance or acquisition is recognized as the actual transaction value at the time of acquisition. However, Precedents for the appeal for review by the NTS, the request for adjudgment by the Tax Tribunal(TT) and the request of examination by the Board of Audit and Inspection of Korea(BAI) and the cases of the lawsuit have not shown a consistent results on how much such a the actual transaction value will be measured. This study investigates the operating state of the current tax appeal system using the statistical data of the TT, NTS, and BAI and cases of the lawsuit from 2008 to 2017, and suggests the Improvement of Capital Gains Tax Act on the transfer of inherited and donated property. As a result, total number of requested cases has diminished because cases of the pre-assessment review and the reconsideration appeal by the NTS have decreased steadily over the past decade, while the cases of the lawsuit and the administrative trials(the request for adjudgment by the TT, the appeal for review by the NTS, and the request of examination by the BAI) have been steadily increasing. Also This study found that more than 40% of the complainants proceeded with the cases of the lawsuit proceedings in disagreement with the disposition of tax dissatisfaction under the administrative trials. In addition, Even though the retrospective appraisal price is not recognized as the market price due to the strict interpretation of the tax regulations, it can be seen that it is interpreted as a more expanded concept in the application of the market price than the government office or the tax judge. Therefore, according to the precedents of the cases lawsuit, it is necessary to establish a regulation on the recognition of retroactive appraisal value.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.4
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• pp.63-91
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• 2001

This study is intended to examine the existing condition of records and archives management and seek its improvement and progress on a concrete model of Daejon Diocese as a kind of case study, because it is necessary to recognize the importance of records and archives management and to develop the records and archives management system. Daejon Diocese which has the catholic jurisdiction covering the areas of Daejon city and Chung Cheong Nam - Do province, celebrated the 40th anniversary of the diocese in 1998. At that, time, the authority of Daejon Diocese claimed to establish its church history institution and to plan the publication of "40 years history of Daejon Diocese". However, its publication could not be achieved until now for several reasons. Since my search for the cause of this situation, I immediately recognized that the lack of materials might be a common condition in almost all of the associations, especially with respect to management, preservation and access of the records and archives. The records in the archival repository of Daejon Diocese have been considerably lost because of the past intemperate destruction and these records have just piled for long time without any reasonable disposal programme. Therefore, in these poor conditions, it is inevitable to delay the publication of "40 years history of Daejon Diocese." This thesis deals with the archival arrangement and the ways of improvement by means of studying the records and archives management, as the essential issues. The archival arrangement based on the principle of provenance, the date of creation, and form division. The methods of improvement include the preservation environment, the scope of archives, archival staff, disposal and so on. Records have the legal and social value after being produced and they can remain as historical and cultural inheritances under the excellent condition of management and preservation. However, in examining the case of the management and preservation of records and archives in Daejon Diocese, I understand that it will need considerable time, man power, and financial cost in order to maintain the desirable level of records and archives management system Therefore, it is a important step for Catholic Daejon to recognize the necessity of the change over records and archives management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.25-35
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• 1999

This thesis is to newly understand the value and the meaning of Chonju Palkyong(全州八景) by the specific gravity in making a counter-proposal in other to improve the landscape identity of modern city and at the same time. I intended to group the grafting device for the preservation and regeneration of modern history cultural environment through the interpretation of landscape construction. The meaning system of Chonju Palkyong showed the symbolic system which a landscape construction, four directions and two places has and exhibited the landscape shape possessing a luxuriant local feature peculiar to Chonju, preserving visual bound language of a classical Palkyong. Especially, it implies the use of the substantial landscape experienced factor, the expressions about natural phenomena and the matter which has melted human living circumstances. The landscape construction and it's form show the system which forms the different time field, a far landscape and a mid distance landscape and a near landscape, etc., under the visual, psychological, scenic influenced area, preserving the feature of the similar and typical type of Sosang Palkyoung（瀟湘八景) which intended to seek the local reappearance of the famous site experienced type and natural matter which famous place and local conduct were combined. The object space of Chonju Palkyong area representing the nature of historical landscape cultural assets, pushed by the greater part of the development based theory, shows injured aspects, but needs to play a part to seek such a up-to-date successive plan as the reconstruction of the destroyed historical landscape area which motivated Palkyong, the establishment of useful area, the embodiment of the cultural identity of Palkyong area and the becoming of the educational cultural life space. The analysis of the landscape construction of Chonju Palkyong and the grouping of the modern successive plan which I considered in this thesis, will be able to become a fundamental data to carry out the preservation of historical landscape and the landscape plan in the city.