• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2022

Background: Plastic waste generates pollutants in the process of incineration or landfilling, and accumulates in water or marine organisms, causing adverse effects on the environment and the human body. Recently, various eco-friendly oral hygiene products (Eco-OHPs) such as bamboo toothbrushes and biodegradable plastic toothbrushes have been developed. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the current level of awareness and purchasing status of eco-OHPs among adults who are interested in eco-friendly products. Methods: This study included adults aged >19 years who regularly visited eco-friendly shops and online sites; the online survey links were distributed during their visits to eco-friendly Internet cafés and companies. Of the 22 questions, seven assessed the participants' general characteristics, three assessed the general oral hygiene care products used, six assessed the level of awareness of Eco-OHPs, and six assessed the purchasing status of Eco-OHPs. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, and regression analysis were performed using SPSS software. Results: Among the respondents, 108 (51.4%) were aware of Eco-OHPs, and 79 (37.6%) had experience purchasing Eco-OHPs. The most common reason for not purchasing was the lack of information about related brands or products (74, 56.5%). The most common platform used in obtaining information was the Internet (general: 31.5%, eco-friendly: 46.3%), such as Social Network Service, Internet cafes, and blogs. The experience in purchasing Eco-OHPs was affected by whether the respondents recognized the possibility of contributing to environmental preservation, availability of vendors, product safety, and the number of eco-friendly products purchased. Conclusion: In order to expand the use of Eco-OHPs, various efforts such as promotion of eco-friendly characteristics, determination of related vendors, reliable analysis of product safety, and expansion of product experience opportunities are required.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.680-707
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• 2010

Research was conducted on vinegar types and characteristics with reference to representative literature such as SanGaYoRok, SikRyoChanYo, SooEunJabBang, GoSaChalYo, DongEuiBoGam, SaSiChanYoCho, JuBangMoon, ShinGanGuWhang, ChalYoSeo, EumSikDiMiBang, YoRok, ChiSengYoRam, SanRimKyoungJae,EumSikBo,OnJuBeop, SulManDeuNunBeop, KyuHapChongSeo, ImWonSipYukJi, JungIlDangJabJi, SulBitNeunBeop, SiUiJeonSeo, and BuInPilJi from the 15th to the 19th centuries of the Joseon Dynasty. Based on this research, a classification of materials used in vinegar, knowledge on treatment, preparation of ingredients, capturing flavor, storage of vinegar, as well as the favorable days that vinegar can be manufactured were studied and analyzed based on the different aspect of vinegar. Vinegar is a wellknown condiment throughout the world and has the potential of becoming a luxurious food. Replication and further analysis to expand the properties of vinegar is necessary using old literature, together with the literature identified above. Based on ongoing research, it is foreseeable that the development of a vinegar with unique characteristics and improved standards will be the foundation for the globalization of Korean cuisine, which is our current focus.

• 중국학논총
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• 제62호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2019

The article purpose is 'Reading Chinese translation text as a Korean integrated education for Chinese students'. Although number of foreign students has increased rapidly to the economic growth of Korea, the influence of Korean Wave, and the popularity of Korean popular culture like K-pop at domestic universities but the problems of their curriculum have been found in many places. Korean literary education through novel text has an important place in Korean studies, but literary education is often excluded in Korean language education as a foreign language education. Chinese students already have background knowledge of Korean translation novels through Chinese novels. They can get the learning effect as the Korean language study. Second, they can compared with Korean national violence and Chinese national violence through 'Red Revolution' and understand about Korean-Chinese understanding of the times, social and cultural phenomena, Third, they are able to study the theory of literature itself. also It was the educational purpose pursued by the humanities. Chinese students develop their Korean language skills by studying the Brothers which are translated into Korean, and we can see the similarities and differences of national violence by comparing Korea's '4.19' with China's 'Cultural Revolution' After comparing people, background, dynamics of the space where they are located, we can raise awareness of the historical and social problems of both countries. It is possible to study subjects' memories of space, change of local meaning, the formation of urban space or individual space in the text in the specific space where national violence occurs. In this way, the method of learning Korean integrated education through Brothers of the Chinese translation novels makes an opportunity to look at national violence in the Korean-Chinese space of the 1960s and 1970s. It has a subjective perspective from subordination to the nationality of the modern nation-state. This is an educational effect that can be obtained through reading a Chinese translation novel as a Korean language integrated education.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2019

화장품 내용물의 모니터링이 가능한 화장품 스마트 패키징을 제작하기 위하여 화장품 업계 실무자를 대상으로 경험 및 선호도를 조사하였다. 대부분의 설문자가 화장품 사용 시 유통기한 준수를 위해 기한을 확인하며, 보관환경에 의한 화장품 내용물의 변질이 빈번한 것을 확인하였다. 설문조사 결과를 바탕으로 보관환경의 온·습도, 사용빈도, 유통기한, 내용물 제조성분 표시기능을 추가하여 센서·PCB 및 모바일 어플리케이션을 제작하였으며, 기능의 작동성을 확인하였다. 제작한 센서의 고온, 상온, 저온의 3가지 환경조건에서의 작동성능을 확인한 결과, 온도 및 습도가 (±3)℃, (±5)%R.H. 이내로 작동하였고, pH는 (±1) 이내로 측정되어각 환경조건에서 설정한 기준치 이내로 정상 작동하는 것을 확인하였다. 제작한 센서 및 PCB를 적용할 수 있는 스마트 화장품 용기를 설계, 디자인하였고, 제작한 스마트 화장품 용기의 내구성을 확인하였다. 비교적 부피가 큰 센서를 적용하기 위하여 크래들 형태를 적용하였으며, 내용물 용기에 회전토출방식을 적용하여 밀폐성을 높였다. 제작한 화장품 용기의 감압누설, 내열성, 내한성, 낙하, 크로스컷트 시험 결과, 각 시험 후 용기의 변형, creep 현상, 분리, 균열, 파열, 변색 등의 손상이 발생하지 않았으며, 누설 및 작동불량이 발생하지 않았다. 본 연구에서 개발한 화장품 스마트 패키징 용기, 센서 및 어플리케이션을 통해 화장품의 보관환경, 사용빈도 등을 측정할 수 있었고, 측정 정보를 용기의 색변화 및 어플리케이션을 통해 효율적으로 소비자에게 전달할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 소비자 UI/UX 디자인 개발을 통한 어플리케이션 및 용기에 대한 연구가 추가적으로 이루어진다면, 상용화를 통한 다양한 화장품 제품군에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2007

자동차 전기장치 시스템을 최적화하기 위해서는 차량용 납축전지의 충전 및 방전 거동을 예측할 수 있는 모델링 기술이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 유한요소법을 이용하여 차량용 12-V 납축전지의 충전 및 방전 거동을 예측할 수 있는 2차원 모델링을 수행하였다. 이 연구에 사용된 수학적 모델에는 전기화학반응 속도론, 전해질의 유동, 대류에 의한 이온의 전달현상, 전극의 시간에 따른 공극률의 변화 등이 고려되었다. 모델링의 신뢰성을 검증하기 위하여 방전 및 충전실험을 수행하였다. 방전실험은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 C/5, C/10 및 C/20의 방전율에 대하여 수행하였고, 충전실험은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 정전류-정전압 방법으로(제한전류 30A, 제한전압 14.24 V) 수행하였다. 모델에 근거하여 예측된 충 방전 거동은 충 방전 실험결과와 잘 일치하였다. 또한 2차원 모델링을 통하여 충 방전이 진행되는 동안 실제로 측정이 불가능한 납축전지 내부의 전류밀도, 전해액의 농도 및 충전상태(state of charge; SOC)의 분포를 예측할 수 있었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2012

벼-자운영 윤작재배에서 돈분액비의 수준별 투입이 토양화학성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 시기별 토양내 주요성분의 함량은 다소 차이는 있지만 돈분액비의 투입과 자운영의 토양 혼입으로 인해 전반적으로 유기물, 질소, 유효인산, 칼륨, 칼슘 및 마그네슘의 함량이 돈분액비 투입 23일 후까지 점점 증가하는 경향이었으며, 벼 생육이 진행될수록 토양내 질소, 유효인산, 칼륨, 칼슘 및 마그네슘의 함량이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 처리구별 토양내 주요 성분의 함량은 전반적으로 돈분액비의 투입량이 많을수록 유기물, 질소, 유효인산, 칼륨, 칼슘 및 마그네슘의 함량이 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 이에 따라 벼의 생산량도 돈분액비의 투입량에 따라 유의성 있게 증가하는 경향을 나타내어 APLM0 처리구 대비 APLM 100 처리구에서 약 5.3% 증수효과를 보였다. 따라서 벼-자운영 윤작재배 실험 중 돈분액비의 수준별 투입은 수확량을 증대시키고 토양내에 다양한 영양분을 공급함으로써 토양의 질을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라, 화학비료를 대체할 수 있는 방안이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2016

The recovery of epididymal sperm in animals is considered as one of the important tools to preserve high value or endangered species. However, there are no appropriate castrating indicators such as months of age in bull, sperm morphology, and motility, particularly in young Korean native bull (Hanwoo). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate sperm number, morphology, and motility of sperm in the epididymis tail of young Hanwoo bulls at 8 and 15 months of age. After castration, epididymal tails were collected and minced with blades to recover sperm. In experiments 1 and 2, sperm number, morphology, and motility were examined. Total number of sperm and percentage of normal sperm from bulls at 8 months of age was lower than that of bulls at 15 months of age after collection (P<0.05). Percentage of abnormal head, tail, proximal cytoplasmic droplet, dead and damaged acrosome of sperm from bulls at 8 months of age were higher than those of bulls at 15 months of age (P<0.05). In experiment 3, sperm motility from bulls at 8 and 15 months of age were examined before freezing and after thawing. Frozen-thawed sperm at 8 months of age showed low total motility and motile sperm with ${\geq}25{\mu}m/sec$ compared to those at 15 months of age and commercially-used sperm (P<0.05). In conclusion, sperm derived from the epididymal tail of bulls at 8 months of age showed high abnormal morphology and poor motility, which are not adequate for AI and IVF. On the other hand, sperm derived from the epididymal tail of bulls at 15 months of age showed high normal morphology and motility.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2016

The aim of the present study was to assess the embryo development and survivability of post-thawed bovine embryos produced in vitro by addition of cysteine. The rates of metaphase II formation were not differed significantly among three groups(TCM199 73.8%, TCM199 with 0.3% cysteine 76.9%, TCM199 with 0.5% cysteine 83.8%, respectively). No difference of cleavage rate(70.6~74.6%) was seen among three culture medium(TCM199 70.6%, CR1aa 71.3%, SOF 74.6%) with 0.5M cysteine. however, Significantly(P<0.05) higher development rate into blastocyst stage by 0.5M cysteine addition was obtained in SOF medium(35.6%) than in TCM199(27.6%) or CR1aa(26.6%), however no significant differences in the cleavage rates were among three culture medium. After frozen the blastocysts cultured with 0.5M cysteine, The re-expansion rates were 61.3%~86.4% among groups, and hatching rates were 26.3%~46.9% among groups, the rates of re-expansion and hatching were significantly(P<0.05) higher in SOF medium(86.4% and 46.9%) than those in TCM199(61.3% and 26.3%) and CR1aa medium(87.1 and 44.4%). After thawing, the blastocyst re-expansion rate was significantly(P<0.05) higher in in vivo (87.1%) and in vitro (70.3%) embryos. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that supplementation of IVM and IVC medium with 0.5M cysteine improved the quality of in vitro production embryo and post- thawed embryo. Future studies comparing these media systems in well-designed trials should be performed.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.135-149
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• 2017

In order to obtain promising rice growth-promoting microbial strains that can be used as substitutes for chemical fertilizers, 172 bacterial strains were isolated from rice roots grown in Korean and Russian soils. Out of them, the strains KR076, KR083, KR181 and RRj228 showed plant growth-promoting activities on maize seedlings. Bacillus megaterium KR076 and Bacillus sp. KR083 showed both nitrogen-fixing and plant growth-promoting activities, while Rhizobium sp. KR181 and Pseudomonas sp. RRj228 appeared to support only plant growth-promotion, but not $N_2$ fixation. Especially, RRj228 showed high growth promoting activity at low concentrations. Inoculation studies with KR083 and RRj228 revealed a high affinity to the Japonica rice variety such as Junambyeo than the Korean Tongil type variety such as Arumbyeo. Both KR083 and RRj228 strains showed rhizoplane and/or endophytic colonization in Japonica and Tongil types rice when soaked with the bacterial suspension of $1.1{\times}10^5cfu\;ml^{-1}$ for six and twelve hours. However, the total bacterial cell numbers were higher in the roots of Japonica variety than in the Tongil type. In inoculation trials with Daesanbyeo rice variety, the seedlings inoculated with KR181 and RRj228 at the rate of $2.0{\times}10^6cfu\;ml^{-1}$ showed yield increment of 35% and 33% (p < 0.01), respectively, so that they contributed to the replacement of chemical fertilizer at half doses of N, $P_2O_5$, and $K_2O$ in pots. In Junambyeo rice seedlings, the strain RRj228, when inoculated with a cell suspension of $1.8{\times}10^6cfu\;ml^{-1}$, promoted 3.4% higher yield at 70% dose than at a full dose level of N $110kg\;ha^{-1}$ in field. These results suggest that the rhizobacteria KR181 and RRj228 are prospective strains for enhancing rice performance.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2010

녹비작물 헤어리베치, 보리, 호밀을 이용하여 벼 재배 시에 토양 물리성, glomalin 함량 및 벼 수량 변화를 구명하고자 본 시험을 수행하였다. 보리와 호밀은 10a 당 질소와 인산을 각각 6.3 kg과 3.2 kg을 시용하였고 헤어리베치는 화학비료 시용 없이 벼를 재배하였다. 시험장소는 경기도 수원시에 소재하고 있는 국립식량과학원 벼연구포장인 신흥통에서 중생종인 풍미벼를 재배하였다. 녹비작물 이용 벼 수확 후 토심 10-20cm에서의 토양물리성이 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으나 0-10cm에서 용적 밀도가 감소하고 공극룰이 증가하였다. 헤어리베치 투입구에서 용적밀도와 공극률이 뚜렷이 개선되었다. 내수성 입단화율은 모든 녹비투입구에서 증가되는 경향이었다. Glomalin의 함량은 1모작 관행시비구에 비하여 모두 증가하는 경향이었고 헤어리베치구에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 심토에서는 헤어리베치와 같이 보리 시용구에서도 증가되었다. Glomalin 함량과 내수성입단화율이 정의 유의한 상관관계가 인정되었고 토양탄소함량과는 상관관계가 없었다. 벼 수량은 관행시비한 1모작에 비하여 보리+화학비료 시비구는 비슷하였으나 호밀+화학비료 투입구는 낮았다. 화학비료를 전혀 투입하지 않은 헤어리베치구의 벼 수량은 포장도복으로 감소하였다. 따라서 논토양에서 녹비작물 헤어리베치 이용 벼 재배 시 토양의 물리성이 변화하기 때문에 투입량, 본답 물관리 등에 유의해야 될 것으로 생각되었다.