• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.901-904
• /
• 2000

The mechanism for the photo-Fries rearrangement of phenyl acetate andbiphenylyl acetates were reinvestigat-ed in phenol (or phenol derivatives) containing media. The results showed that the phenol (or phenol deriva-tives) which is the most common by-product of Fries reaction reacts with acyl radical togive Fries-product. These phenol (or phenol derivatives) contributions to the Fries-products were suggested as the Trivial mecha-nism for the photo-Fries reaction.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 1979

Abelian군(群)의 presheaf에 관한 직적(直積)과 직화(直和)를 Category 입장에서 정의(定義)하고 presheaf $F_{\lambda}\;({\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda})$들의 두 직적(直積)(또는 直和)은 서로 동형적(同型的) 관계(關係)에 있으며, 특히 ${\phi}:X{\rightarrow}Y$가 homeomorphism이라 하고 ${\phi}_*F$를 X상(上)의 presheaf F의 direct image이라 하면 (1) $({\phi}_*F, \;{\phi}_*(f_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$가 $({\phi}_*F_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}$의 직적(直積)일 때 오직 그때 한하여 $(F,\;(f_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$는 $(F_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$의 직적(直積)이다. (2) $({\phi}_*F,\;{\phi}_*(l_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$가 $({\phi}_*F_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}$의 직화(直和)일 때 오직 그때 한하여 $(F,\;(l_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$는 $(F_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$의 직화(直和)이다. Let $(F_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$ be an indexed set of presheaves of abelian group on topological space X. We can define the cartesian product $$\prod_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}\;F_{\lambda}$$ of $(F_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$ by $$(\prod_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}\;F_{\lambda})(U)=\prod_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}(F_{\lambda}(U))$$ for U open in X $${\rho}_v^u:\;(\prod_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}\;F_{\lambda})(U){\rightarrow}(\prod_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}\;F_{\lambda})(V)((s_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}{\rightarrow}(_{\lambda}{\rho}_v^u(s_{\lambda}))_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}})$$ for $V{\subseteq}U$ open in X where $_{\lambda}{\rho}^U_V$ is a restriction of $F_{\lambda}$, And we have natural presheaf morphisms ${\pi}_{\lambda}$ and ${\iota}_{\lambda}$ such that ${\pi}_{\lambda}(U):\;({\prod}_\;F_{\lambda})(U){\rightarrow}F_{\lambda}(U)((s_{\lambda})_{{\lambda}{\epsilon}{\Lambda}}{\rightarrow}s_{\lambda})$ ${\iota}_{\lambda}(U):\;F_{\lambda}(U){\rightarrow}({\prod}\;F_{\lambda})(U)(s_{\lambda}{\rightarrow}(o,o,{\cdots}\;{\cdots}o,s_{\lambda},o,{\cdots}\;{\cdots}o)$ for $(s_{\lambda}){\epsilon}{\prod}_{\lambda}\;F_{\lambda}(U)$ and $(s_{\lambda}){\epsilon}F_{\lambda}(U)$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.457-460
• /
• 2009

u-IT Convergence appliances study and are developed in communication by development of u-IT technology, broadcasting, portal, contents, equipment and all fields of business such as solution. This treatise presents valuation basis of, economic performance, administration sex etc. by temperature, pressure, own, storehouse, gas, justice for humidity sensors and valuation basis that define u-IT Convergence, and sense information u-IT Convergence devices and terminal. Also, studied standardization standard of u-IT Convergence network appliance that follow in valuation basis for u-IT Convergence devices. Is going to contribute establish value as estimation product that equip stability and authoritativeness through correct certification assessment for technological development and appliances on Ubiquitous information-oriented society through this research and accomplish standardization.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.821-879
• /
• 2002

Let U, V and W be complex vector spaces of dimensions 3, 3 and 4 respectively. The reductive algebraic group G = PGL(U) $\times$ PGL(W) $\times$ PGL(W) acts linearly on the projective tensor product space (equation omitted). In this paper, we show that the G-equivalence classes of the projective tensors are in one-to-one correspondence with the PGL(3)-equivalence classes of unordered configurations of six points on the projective plane.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.13 no.1_2
• /
• pp.149-152
• /
• 1997

This test was performed to evaluate the ocular and skin irritation of EPO (Erythropoietin). The results as follows: 1. Ocular irritation test There were no observed clinical signs, body weght changes by EPO during experimental period. The acute ocular irritation index(A.O.I.), mean ocular irritation index(M.O.I.) and Day-7 individual ocular irritation index(I.O.I.) of EPO at dose of 1000U and 10, 000U were 0, respectively. Therefore we evaluated that EPO was non-toxic to eyes. 2. Skin irritation test There were no observed clinical signs, body weght changes and gross pathologic findings by EPO during experimental period. There were no observed erythema, eschar formation and edema formation on intact and abraded skin treated by EPO. The primary irritation index(P.I.I.) of EPO at dose of 1000U and 10, 000U were 0, respectively and were evaluated none irritating product about skin irritation.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.103-127
• /
• 2018

This paper is dedicated to studying some Hausdorff operators on the Heisenberg group ${\mathbb{H}}^n$. The sharp bounds on the strong-type weighted Lorentz spaces ${\Lambda}^p_u(w)$ and the weak-type weighted Lorentz spaces ${\Lambda}^{p,{\infty}}_u(w)$ are investigated. Especially, the results cover the classical power weighted space $L^{p,q}_{\alpha}$. The results are also extended to the product spaces ${\Lambda}^{p_1}_{u_1}(w_1){\times}{\Lambda}^{p_2}_{u_2}(w_2)$, especially for $L^{p_1,q_1}_{{\alpha}_1}{\times}L^{p_2,q_2}_{{\alpha}_2}$. Our proofs are quite different from those in previous documents since the duality principle, and some well-known inequalities concerning the weights are adopted. The results recover the existing results as well as we obtain new results in the new and old settings.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.449-456
• /
• 2001

The concept of stress wave was introduced through the quantized kinetic energy which is related to the potentional energy change of atom, molecular bond energy. Differentiated molecular bond energy $\varphi$() by the lst order displacement u becomes force F(F = d$\varphi$($u_i$)/du), if resversely stated, causing physically atomic displacement $u_i$. Such physical phenomena lead stress(force/area of applied force) can be expressed by wave equation of linearly quantized physical property. Through the stress wave concept, formation of dislocation, which could not explained easily from a theory of continuum mechanics, can be explained. Moreover, this linearly quantized stress wave equation with a stress concept for grains in a crystalline solid was applied to three typical metallic microstructures and a simple shape. The result appears to be a product from well treated equations of a quantized stress wave. From this result, it can be expected to answer the reason why the defect free and very fine diameters of long crystalline shapes exhibit ideal tensile strength of materials.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.433-442
• /
• 2021

Let X and X^* be a Banach space and its dual, respectively, and let B(X) and S(X) be the unit ball and unit sphere of X, respectively. In this paper, we study the relation between Modulus of n-dimensional U-convexity in X^* and normal structure in X. Some new results about fixed points of nonexpansive mapping are obtained, and some existing results are improved. Among other results, we proved: if X is a Banach space with $U^n_{X^*}(n+1)>1-{\frac{1}{n+1}}$ where n ∈ ℕ, then X has weak normal structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.545-559
• /
• 2006

The function of product design has been an important part for success on new product development We deeply studied 'Chocolate-Phone' case which is considered as a representative of adopting design-oriented new product development strategy. According to this study, we found three contextual factors and nine key success factors for design-oriented new product development. The contextual factors consist of the strong needs for innovative product development, customer's needs for the emotional value, competitive situation for the new product launching. The key success factors consist of design, development marketing, overall sides. The key success factors of design side are to select talented designers and take an insight for market and communication skill. The key success factors of development side are to possess high technological abilities, to do divergence with removing or giving up some function management's strong support. The key success factors of marketing side are to bring core marketers from outside, capacity to gather ideas from outside. The key success factors of overall side are to share design-oriented principle with other parts and to change member's mind from engineer-oriented to market-oriented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.78-81
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this research is to verify whether presentation order has an effect on the evaluation of products. In the empirical study, three types of humidifier and those of toaster were used. These products have 6 different sets of combination (3! = 3${\times}$2${\times}$1), and each set was evaluated by 15 subjects who were provided with two sets of images from humidifier and toaster in empirical study (N=90). Subjects completed measures assessing the five aspects: attractiveness, convenience, hygiene, efficiency and durability of the product. Each of the dependent measures was assessed on Likert-scale ranging 1 to 7. The ratings to the five aspects were added individually. Three types of humidifier and those of toaster were divided into 3 classes in terms of 'class A' which consists of the highest rated product, 'class C' which consists of the lowest rated product, and 'class B' which consists of the rest. Two main findings were discovered: First, the presentation order of both class A and class C influences the product evaluation whereas that of class B does not. As class A was presented as the last one, the subjects evaluated it the most positive. In the case of class C, on the contrary, when it is presented as the first is the best for itself; Secondly, the result shows that presented C-B-A sequence combination has a greater effect on entire evaluation than all other conditions in this study.