• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.257-265
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• 1981

A modified subsonic wind tunnel was employed to investigate the turbulent flow of a valve jet. To effectuate this experimental study, an actual valve and valve seat of a diesel engine were equipped at its outlet (ref. Fig. 3) Theoretically, using the equation of motion of Navier-Stokes in the chlindrical coordinates, the turbulent equation of motion for the incompressible fluid was derived with three assumptions; steady flow (.delta./.delta.t=0), axisymmetry and revolutionary homogeneity(.delta./.delta..phi.=0), no ensemble revolution (V.iden.0). Experimentally, mean and fluctuation velocities have been measured in the redial direction. With a assumption of a non-dimensional velocity distribution equation, a sami-emperical similarity profile equation of the jet flow have been derived, whose empirical constants were deterimed graphically with the data obtained.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2015

Labyrinth seals are commonly used in various kinds of turbomachinery to reduce leakage flow. In the present 3D CFD analysis of see-through-type labyrinth air seal, the methodology of determining leakage and rotordynamic coefficients is suggested with the relative coordinate system for steady-state simulation. The leakage flow and rotordynamic forces predicted by using different solvers and turbulent models of FLUENT are compared with the results of the existing bulk-flow analysis code LABYSEAL.FOR and experiment. The present CFD result of direct stiffness(K) shows only improvement in prediction. The results of leakage and rotordynamic coefficients as well as computing time are sensitive against the used solver and turbulent model.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2003

The build-up of the heat field in shallow coastal water due to a point source has been investigated using an analytical solution of a time-integral form derived by extending the solutions by Holley(1969) and also presented in Harleman (1971). The uniform water depth is assumed with non-isotropic turbulent dispersion. The alongshore-flow is assumed to be uni-directional, spatially uniform and oscillatory. Due to the presence of the oscillatory alongshore-flow, the heat build-up occurs in an oscillatory manner, and the excess temperature thereby fluctuates in that course and even in the quasi-steady state. A series of calculations reveal that proper choices of the decay coefficient as well as dispersion coefficients are critical to the reliable prediction of the excess temperature field. The dispersion coefficients determine the absolute values of the excess temperature and characterize the shoreline profile, particularly within the tidal excursion distance, while the decay coefficient determines the absolute value of the excess temperature and the convergence rate to that of the quasi-steady state. Within the e-folding time scale $1/k_d$ (where $k_d$ is the heat decay coefficient), heat build-up occurs more than 90% of the quasi-steady state values in a region within a tidal excursion distance (L), while occurs increasingly less the farther we go to the downstream direction (about 80% at 1.25L, and 70% at 1.5L). Calculations with onshore and offshore discharges indicate that thermal spreading in the direction of the shoreline is reduced as the shoreline constraint which controls the lateral mixing is reduced. The importance of collecting long-term records of in situ meteorological conditions and clarifying the definition of the heat loss coefficient is addressed. Interactive use of analytical and numerical modeling is recommended as a desirable way to obtain a reliable estimate of the far-field excess temperature along with extensive field measurements.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.463-466
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• 2002

In order to examine the possibility of using a cavity as a passive device for reduction of skin friction and heat transfer, an intensive parametric study over a broad range of the cavity depth and length at different Reynolds numbers is performed for both laminar and turbulent boundary layers in the present study. Direct and large eddy simulation techniques are used for turbulent boundary layers at low and moderate Reynolds numbers, respectively. for both laminar and turbulent boundary layers over a cavity, a flow oscillation occurs due to the shear layer instability when the cavity depth and length are sufficiently large and it plays an important role in the determination of drag and heat-transfer increase or decrease. For a cavity sufficiently small to suppress the flow oscillation, both the total drag and heat transfer are reduced. Therefore, the applicability of a cavity as a passive device for reduction of drag and heat transfer is fully confirmed in the present study. Scaling based on the wall shear rate of the incoming boundary layer is also proposed and it is found to be valid in steady flow over a cavity.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2016.03a
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• pp.619-621
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• 2016

자동차 주행 중 차 문이 열리는 경우에 운전자가 조향을 유지하는 채로 대응하기란 쉽지 않고, 이것이 방치될 경우 대형사고로 이어질 가능성이 생긴다. 따라서 이를 기계적 또는 역학적으로 해결해야 할 필요성이 있으며, 본 연구에서는 고양력 장치중의 하나인 gurney flap을 응용하여 항력 발생장치로 이용함으로써 자동차 문이 더 빨리 닫힐 수 있는지에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 해석 결과, 문 모서리에 flap, 특히 판형 flap을 장착하였을 때, 그렇지 않았을 때보다 2배에 가까운 항력상승 효과가 나타남을 확인하였다.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1998

The three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in rotational coordinate are solved using a multigrid algorithm for the calculations of turbulent flows in centrifugal compressor impellers. Some numerical studies are made in applying the multigrid algorithm for the turbulent flow calculations with the standard κ-ε equations. The present method is used to calculate the flow fields of Mizuki's B-type and Niigata Ms. 350 centrifugal compressor impellers. Fast convergent steady-state solutions are carefully examined, comparing the static pressure distributions along the impeller flow passage and also in the diffuser with experimental data. Performance of a centrifugal compressor system is also numerically validated by comparing the performances of the impeller and the diffuser individually.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-25
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• 1991

The steady, incompressible developing 3-dimensional turblent flow in a square sectioned curved duct has been investigated by using partially-parabolic equation and Finite Analytic Method. The calculation of turbulent flow field is performed using 2-equation K-$\epsilon$ turbulence model, modified wall function, simpler algorithm and numerically generated body fitted coordinates. Iso-mean velocity contours at the various sections are compared with the existing experimental data and elliptic solutions by other authors. In the region of $0^{\circ}<{\theta}<71^{\circ}$, present results agree with the experimental data much better than the elliptic solution for the similar number of grid points. Furthermore, for the same tolerance, the present solution converges four times faster than the elliptic solution.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.26-31
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• 2005

Today, the research to examine a fact that interaction between the air and the fluid free surface affects the steady state flow and air. We proved the interaction between vortex pairs and free surface on each condition that is created by the end of delta wings. Another purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of surface active material which call change the surface tension and we must consider when we refer to turbulent flow on surface tension. Therefore, this research examined the growth process of vortex pairs on condition of clean, contaminated free surface and wall after we made vortex pairs through counter rotating flaps. The results of this study suggest that vortex pairs in clean free surface rise safely but the vortex pairs in contaminated free surface and rigid, no slip is made secondary vortex or rebounding. However the secondary vortex in rigid, no slip is stronger than before. and we can find the vortex shape which roll up more completely. However, these will disappear by the effect of wall.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.375-385
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• 1996

Turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics around staggered tube banks were studied using the 3-D Navier-Stokes equations and energy equation governing a steady incompressible flow, which were reformulated in a non-orthogonal coordinate system with cartesian velocity components and discretized by the finite volume method with a non-staggered variable arrangement. The predicted turbulent kinetic energy using RNG $k-{\varepsilon}$ model was lower than that of standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model but showed same result for mean flow field quantities. The prediction of the skin friction coefficient using RNG $k-{\varepsilon}$ model showed better trend with experimental data than standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model result. The inclined flow showed higher velocity and skin friction coefficient than transverse flow because of extra strain rate ($\frac{{\partial}w}{{\partial}y}$). Also, this was why the inclined flow showed higher local heat transfer coefficient than the transverse flow.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 1986

A computer program was developed to predict swirling steady axisymmetric turbulent flows by extending TEACH Code. It was applied to a reciprocating engine cylinder with a intake valve on the flat head. Flows were assumed to be steady and swirling. Effects of Reynolds number, the valve lift, and the swirl ratio on flow patterns and turbulence were investigated numerically. Flow patterns were reasonably predicted in comparison with experimental results. Length of the recirculation zone was shortened with increasing valve lifts and swirl ratios. Static pressure distributions show maximum value near the reattachment point of the incoming circular jet and minimum value near the maximum width of the valve attached recirculation zone.