• Title/Summary/Keyword: Trap( + )

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Analysis of Reduction of NPS Pollution loads using the small sediment trap at field (소규모 침사구를 이용한 밭의 비점오염원 저감 효과 분석)

  • Shin, Min-Hwan;Lim, Kyoung-Jae;Jang, Jeong-Ryeol;Choi, Yong-Hun;Park, Woon-Ji;Won, Chul-Hee;Choi, Joong-Dae
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.27-35
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    • 2012
  • Various Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been suggested to reduce Nonpoint source pollutant loads from agricultural fields. However, very little research regarding water quality improvement with sediment trap has been performed in Korea. Thus, effects of sediment trap were investigated in this study. Three sediment traps were installed at the edge of six plots and flow and water quality of inflow and outflow were monitored and analyzed. It was found that approximately 64.1 % of flow reduction was observed. In addition, pollutant concentration of outflow was reduced by 39.0 % for $BOD_5$. For SS, $COD_{Mn}$, DOC, T-N, T-P, approximately 62.1 %, 43.4 %, 43.5 %, 40.0 %, and 41.2 % reduction were observed, respectively. Over 80 % and 90 % of pollutant loads were reduced from sediment trap #2 and #3 because of less outflow from plots covered with rice straw/straw mat. In case of intensive rainfall events occurred from July 26~29, 2011, over 60 % of pollutant and 88.9 % of sediment reduction were observed from sediment trap #3. As shown in this study, small sediment traps could play important roles in reducing pollutant loads from agricultural fields. If proper management practices, such as rice straw/straw mat, are used to protect surface from rainfall impacts and rill formation, much pollutant reduction could be expected.

Genetic diversity, structure analysis and relationship in soybean mutants as revealed by TRAP marker

  • Kim, Dong-Gun;Lyu, Jae-Il;Lee, Min-Kyu;Kim, Jung Min;Hong, Min Jeong;Kim, Jin-Baek;Bae, Chang-Hyu;Kwon, Soon-Jae
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2018.10a
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    • pp.43-43
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    • 2018
  • Mutation breeding by radiation is useful for improving various crop species. Up to now, a total of 170 soybean mutant varieties have been released in the world, which is the second most registered varieties after rice. Despite the economic importance of soybean, there have been no TRAP marker system studies on genetic relationships between/among mutant lines. To develop a strategy of Mutant Diversity Pool (MDP) conservation, a study on the genetic diversity of 210 soybean mutant lines (8 cultivars and 202 mutants) was performed through a TRAP analysis. Sixteen primer combinations amplified a total of 551 fragments. The highest (84.00%) and lowest (32.35%) polymorphism levels were obtained with primers MIR157B + Ga5 and B14G14B + Ga3, respectively. The mean PIC values 0.15 varied among the primer combination ranging from 0.07 in B14G14B + Sal2 to 0.23 in MIR157B + Sa4. Phylogenetic, principal component analysis (PCA) and structure analysis indicated that the 210 lines belong to four groups based on the 16 combination TRAP markers. AMOVA showed 21.0% and 79.0% variations among and within the population, respectively. Overall, the genetic similarity of each cultivar and its mutants were higher than within other mutant populations. Our results suggest that the TRAP marker system may be useful for assessing the genetic diversity among soybean mutants and help to improve our knowledge of soybean mutation breeding.

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Control of Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), using Synthetic Sex Pheromone I. Control by Mass Trapping in Allium fistulosum Field (합성 성훼로몬에 의한 파밤나방(Spodoptera exigua)의 방제 I. 외대파에서의 대량유살에 의한 방제)

  • 박종대;고현관
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.45-49
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    • 1992
  • Studies were conducted to control Spodoptera exigua in Allium fistulosum field using synthetic sex pheromone trap. Heavily, medium and lightly damagd fields at early transplanting time showed no differences in control effects after 8 weeks of establishment of pheromone traps in Allium fistulosum fields. Number of damaged leaves in each treated field was 0.2-3 individuals per 60 hills comparing with 33.2 individuals at non-treated field. Also, the numbers uf male adults attracted to pheromone traps were 1.8-5.0 individuals at the big inning of installation but increased to 25.8, 49.9, 74.9, and 77.4 individuals after 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, respectively. There was a negative correlation between amount of male adults attracted to pheromone traps and number of damaged leaves (r=-0.9572*). Number of adults attracted to various colored light trap for 30 days were 6 in red, 11 in white and none in blue comparing with 1,041 individuals in pheromone trap.

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Analysis of An Anomalous Hump Phenomenon in Low-temperature Poly-Si Thin Film Transistors (저온 다결정 실리콘 박막 트랜지스터의 비정상적인 Hump 현상 분석)

  • Kim, Yu-Mi;Jeong, Kwang-Seok;Yun, Ho-Jin;Yang, Seung-Dong;Lee, Sang-Youl;Lee, Hi-Deok;Lee, Ga-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.24 no.11
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    • pp.900-904
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    • 2011
  • In this paper, we investigated an anomalous hump phenomenon under the positive bias stress in p-type LTPS TFTs. The devices with inferior electrical performance also show larger hump phenomenon. which can be explained by the sub-channel induced from trapped electrons under thinner gate oxide region. We can confirm that the devices with larger hump have larger interface trap density ($D_{it}$) and grain boundary trap density ($N_{trap}$) extracted by low-high frequency capacitance method and Levinson-Proano method, respectively. From the C-V with I-V transfer characteristics, the trapped electrons causing hump seem to be generated particularly from the S/D and gate overlapped region. Based on these analysis, the major cause of an anomalous hump phenomenon under the positive bias stress in p-type poly-Si TFTs is explained by the GIDL occurring in the S/D and gate overlapped region and the traps existing in the channel edge region where the gate oxide becomes thinner, which can be inferred by the fact that the magnitude of the hump is dependent on the average trap densities.

EFFECT OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND INTERFERON-${\gamma}$ ON THE FORMATION OF OSTEOCLAST-LIKE MULTINUCLEATED CELL FROM CHICKEN BONE MARROW CELLS IN VITRO (세포 배양시 닭 골수세포로부터 파골세포앙 세포형성에 지질다당류와 인터페론 감마가 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Hong-Kyun;Kim, Jung-Keun;Lee, Jae-Hyun
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.659-667
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    • 1995
  • 파골세포는 조혈기관 단핵의 세포로부터 생성되어 골 홉수에 중요한 역할올 담당하며, 지질다당류는 그람음성균의 세포벽을 이루는 성분으로서 치주질환시 치조골 홉수에 관여한다고 알려져 왔다. 활성화된 림프구, 대식세포와 단핵세포로부터 생성되는 당단백질인 인터페론 감마는 파골세포에 의한 골홉수를 억제한다고 밝혀졌다. 이 연구 논문의 목적은 지질다당류와 인터페론 감마가 닭 골수의 미분화세포가 파골양세포로 전환되는데 어떠한 영향올 주는지를 알아보기 위함이다. 16${\sim}$18 일째의 닭의 배 (chick embryo) 에서 경골을 분리하고 횡절개하여 혈청없는 M-199 배양액에 보관했다. 이것을 9${\mu}m$ filter로 여과시켜서 이미 분화된 파골세포와 기타 다른 분화 세포를 분리했다. 여기에서 파골세포의 전구세포를 얻어 LPS와 IFN-${\gamma}$를 단독 또는 복합처리 하고나서 4일 후에 tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) Stain을 시행하고 TRAP 양성이며 핵이 세개 이상인 다핵의 세포형성을 관찰하여 세포를 계수하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 닭에서 분리해낸 미분화세포에 0.1. 0.5. 1.0 ${\mu}/ml$ 의 LPS 농도를 처리하고 1 주일간 배양한 결과. 0.1 ${\mu}/ml$ 의 농도에서는 대조군에 비해 TRAP 양성인 파골양세포가 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 반면에 LPS는 0.5 와 1.0 ${\mu}/ml$ 의 농도에서 세포독성을 보였다.(P<0.05) 2. IFN-${\gamma}$는 50. 500U/ml 의 농도에서 대조군에 비해 TRAP 양성인 파골양세포의 수가 감소하는 경향올 보였다 .3. INF-${\gamma}$는 LPS 에의해 유도된 TRAP 양성인 파골양세포의 형성을 감소시켰고 특히 . 250.500U/ml 의 농도에서 유의 성 있는 감소를 보였다. 위의 결과로부터 LPS는 닭의 골수세포로부터 파골양세포의 형성을 증가시키며 IFN-${\gamma}$는 LPS에의해 유도된 파골양세포수를 감소시킨다는 결론을 얻었다.

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Analysis of Nitride traps in MONOS Flash Memory (MONOS 플래시 메모리의 Nitride 트랩 분석)

  • Yang, Seung-Dong;Yun, Ho-Jin;Kim, Yu-mi;Kim, Jin-Seob;Eom, Ki-Yun;Chea, Seong-Won;Lee, Hi-Deok;Lee, Ga-Won
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.52 no.8
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    • pp.59-63
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    • 2015
  • This paper discusses the capacitance-voltage method in Metal-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon (MONOS) devices to analyzed the characteristics of the top oxide/nitride, nitride/bottom oxide interface trap distribution. In the CV method, nitride trap density can be calculated based on the program characteristics of the nitride thickness variations. By applying this method, silicon rich nitride device found to have a larger trap density than stoichiometric nitride device. This result is consistent with previous studies. If this comparison analysis can be expected to result in improved reliability of the SONOS flash memory.

Effect of Yellow Sticky Trap for Controlling Whitefly on Tomato Cultivated in Greenhouse (온실재배 토마토에 발생하는 가루이류에 대한 황색점착트랩 방제효과)

  • Park, Jong-Ho;Hong, Sung-Jun;Han, Eun-Jung;Shim, Chang-Ki;Lee, Min-Ho;Kim, Min-Jeong;Kim, Yong-Ki
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.643-654
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    • 2012
  • We conducted the experiment in order to evaluate the control effect of whitefly using the sticky trap. Both Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum were more attracted to yellow sticky trap than white or blue colored traps. When yellow sticky traps were installed in different height around tomato, catches of B. tabaci were not significantly different among the traps and catches of T. vaporariorum on the traps in the upper position were more than lower position. T. vaporariorum was more attracted to trap when host plant is smaller. The attracted number to yellow sticky traps were not significantly different between whiteflies (B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum) and their parasitoids (Encarsia formosa and Eretmocerus mundus). Yellow sticky trap reduced population density of both B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum by more than 80% on tomato nursery in a screen cage. Population density of whiteflies in greenhouse installed yellow sticky traps was less than one third of that in untreated greenhouse.

Efficiency Evaluation of Nozawa-Style Black Light Trap for Control of Anopheline Mosquitoes

  • Lee, Hee-Il;Seo, Bo-Youl;Shin, E-Hyun;Burkett, Douglas A.;Lee, Jong-Koo;Shin, Young-Hack
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.159-165
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    • 2009
  • House-residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets have achieved some success in controlling anthropophilic and endophagic vectors. However, these methods have relatively low efficacy in Korea because Anopheles sinensis, the primary malaria vector, is highly zoophilic and exophilic. So, we focused our vector control efforts within livestock enclosures using ultraviolet black light traps as a mechanical control measure. We found that black light traps captured significantly more mosquitoes at 2 and 2.5 m above the ground (P<0.05). We also evaluated the effectiveness of trap spacing within the livestock enclosure. In general, traps spaced between 4 and 7m apart captured mosquitoes more efficiently than those spaced closer together (P>0.05). Based on these findings, we concluded that each black light trap in the livestock enclosures killed 7,586 female mosquitoes per trap per night during the peak mosquito season (July-August). In May-August 2003, additional concurrent field trials were conducted in Ganghwa county. We got 74.9% reduction (P<0.05) of An. sinensis in human dwellings and 61.5% reduction (P>0.05) in the livestock enclosures. The black light trap operation in the livestock enclosures proved to be an effective control method and should be incorporated into existing control strategies in developed countries.

Fishing power estimation of biodegradable traps in the East Sea (동해 생분해성 통발의 어획성능 평가)

  • Bae, Bong-Seong;An, Heui-Chun;Jeong, Eui-Cheol;Park, Hae-Hoon;Park, Seong-Wook;Park, Chang-Doo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.292-301
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    • 2010
  • For an effective management of fisheries resources, it is very important that to make clean inhabitation environment and to preserve fisheries resources. The material which is mainly used as fishing gear in modern times, is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, etc., chemical fiber. And lost fishing gears which are make of these, occur ghost fishing and ocean pollution. To solve these problem, we development biodegradable fishing trap using the polybutylene succinate (PBS). Developed traps are for red snow crab (Chionoecetes japonicus) and shrimp, major traps in the East Sea, and we carried out fishing research using two kind traps in the coastal sea of Ayajin-port (Goseong) to analysis fishing efficiency of PE trap and PBS trap. As a result for fishing experiment (year 2005-2006) of red snow crab trap, two kind traps were almost the same in catches and length composition. During a experiment, parts of meshes, used for over 1 year, were cut by biodegradation. As a result for fishing experiment (year 2007) of shrimp trap, northern shrimp (Pandalus eous), coonstripe shrimp (Pandalus hypsinotus) and morotoge shrimp (Pandalopsis japonica) were catched, and the almost is northern shrimp. Two kind traps were almost the same in catches and length composition. In accordance with these result, it is recommended that the developed traps are have to commercialized because the fishing powers of PE traps and PBS traps were same. But biodegradation speed is have to controled in consideration of ocean microorganism volume and traps life.

Temperature Effect on the Interface Trap in Silicon Nanowire Pseudo-MOSFETs

  • Nam, In-Cheol;Kim, Dae-Won;Heo, Geun;Najam, Syed Faraz;Hwang, Jong-Seung;Hwang, Seong-U
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2013.02a
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    • pp.487-487
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    • 2013
  • According to shrinkage of transistor, interface traps have been recognized as a major factor which limits the process development in manufacturing industry. The traps occur through spontaneous generation process, and spread into the forbidden band. There is a large change of current though a few traps are existed at the Si-SiO2 interface. Moreover, the increased temperature largely affects to the leakage current due to the interface trap. For this reason, we made an effort to find out the relationship between temperature and interface trap. The subthreshold swing (SS) was investigated to confirm the correlation. The simulated results show that the sphere of influence of trap is enlarged according to increase in temperature. To investigate the relationship between thermal energy and surface potential, we extracted the average surface potential and thermal energy (kT) according to the temperature. Despite an error rate of 6.5%, change rates of both thermal energy and average surface potential resemble each other in many ways. This allows that SS is affected by the trap within the range of the thermal energy from the surface energy.

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