• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2015

역 사회공학 기반 스팸공격은 공격자가 직접적인 공격을 수행하는 것이 아니라 피해자가 문제 있는 사이트 주소, 문자, 이메일 수신 및 친구 수락 등을 통해 유도하기 때문에 온라인 소셜 네트워크에서 활성화되기 쉽다. 스팸 탐지 관련 기존 연구들은 소셜 네트워크 특성을 반영하지 않은 채, 관리자의 수동적인 판단 및 라벨링을 바탕으로 스팸을 정상 데이터와 구분하는 단계에 머물러있다. 본 논문에서는 소셜 네트워크 데이터 중 하나인 Twitter spam데이터 셋을 실제로 분석하고 소셜 네트워크에서 다양한 속성들을 반영하여 정상 (ham)과 비정상 (spam)을 구분할 수 있는 탐지 메트릭을 제안한다. 또한, 관리자의 관여 없이도 실시간 및 점진적으로 스팸의 특성을 학습하여 새로운 스팸에 대해서도 탐지할 수 있는 비지도 학습 기법(unsupervised scheme)을 제안한다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 기법은 90% 이상의 정확도로 정상과 스팸을 구별했고 실시간 및 점진적 학습 결과도 정확함을 보였다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2019

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if virtual reality-based exercise was effective in balance, gait, and falls efficacy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: Thirty patients with PD were assigned randomly to the experimental (n=15) or control groups (n=15). The experimental group performed virtual reality-based exercise and the control group underwent conventional physical therapy for 30minutes, five times per week for four weeks. A force platform system, the Korean version of the Berg Balance Scale (K-BBS), the six-minute walking test (6MWT), and the Korean Version of the Falls Efficacy Scale (K-FES) were used to evaluate balance, gait, and falls efficacy. Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to examine the within- and between-group differences after training, respectively. RESULTS: Changes in the K-BBS score (p<.001) and fall efficacy (p<.01), following the intervention were significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group whereas significant group difference were not observed for the anterior-posterior and mediolateral postural sway lengths. The change in the ground reaction force (p<.001) and 6MWT values (p<.05) were significantly greater after intervention in patients in the experimental group than in the control group, whereas a significant group difference was not observed for the step and stride lengths. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that virtual reality-based exercise is an effective intervention for improving balance, gait, and fall efficacy in patients with PD.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-127
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• 2013

Objectives : We examined the use of the moxibustion through survey on Korean Medicine Doctors (KMDs) on preparation of universal moxa product standard by fully reflecting opinions of practitioners and the industry. Methods : The questionnaire is composed of 25 questions including use of indirect moxa, side effects, complaints and improvements, general characteristics and so on, and were responded by 1,588 KMDs. For statistics, frequency analysis, chi-square analysis, T-test and ANOVA were conducted using SPSS 12.0 for windows, and the significance level was 0.05. Results : In this research, 91% of the responded KMDs was using moxibustion, and the proportion of using mediate moxibustion was shown as 63.2%. They used mediate moxibustion for side effects of direct moxa method such as risk of burn, ease of use, control of stimulation and so on. And it was mostly being conducted to women and 40 ages. Most respondents gave moxibustion treatments for the purpose of thermal stimulation on acupoint to musculoskeletal diseases. Most respondents were treating 1~2 pieces of moxibustion to patients by moxibustion points to those of 1~2 regions every time within 10 minutes. Regarding the frequency of side effects of mediate moxibustion, within 3% of respondents had experienced side effects, and the types were burn, flare and itchiness, odor and smoke. The dissatisfaction of mediate moxibustion products was moderate(2.00 out of 5 point scale), and went up public health doctors, the younger ages and the shorter clinical experience. Complaints on mediate moxibustion products were serious odor, poor attachment, risk of burn etc. Regarding ways to improve mediate moxibustion, the expansion of moxibustion's insurance cost carne out highest, followed by preparation of manual on efficacy, strengthening of training, acquiring evidence on efficacy, diversification of specifications, safety improvement, quality improvement of mediate moxibustion products. Conclusions: Many KMDs use for ease of use and give moxibustion treatments for thermal stimulation but they complain about safety, efficacy and quality of mediate moxibustion. After this it is considered that we have to elevate therapeutic effect through the improvement of mediate moxibustion products.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2017

In order to advance into the MRO industry, the Aviation maintenance organization with suitable for the standards for personnel, facilities and operations should be first approved by FAA and EASA. The purpose of study is designed to arrange the standards required for personnel, facility, operation rule for approval of Repair Station maintenance organizations certified by FAA PART 145 of the US Federal Aviation Regulation. Also to consider the following differences through the comparative analysis with domestic AMO certification of the information in the Management, Maintenance Process, and Quality System for approval of maintenance organization authorized, the additional EASA PART 145. As a comparative analysis on maintenance organization certification in the country between FAA and EASA, this study could show us that domestic maintenance organization, certified manual contents are used by applying just many of the FAA system. And we could know that as part of the EASA maintenance organization certification process, airmen personnel were relatively systematically segmented and controlled. For domestic maintenance organization certification, operational as policy implications we would like to present policy implications such as the implication of rating system of Aviation Mechanic License like EASA, the financial support of the training center to resolve the shortage of the FAA or EASA license holders, operational organization as "CAMO" for systematic aviation mechanic certified system should be required, continued construction of hangar or MRO for airworthiness repair under Governmental support, and varied application of DER system from FAA accordingly.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2020

In Article 311 of the Regulation on Occupational Safety and Health Standards requires the use of Korean Industrial Standards Act in accordance with the Industrial Standardization Act. However, the classification, inspection, maintenance, design, selection, and installation of explosion hazard locations for explosion and explosion prevention and internalization of 'safety' in the performance maintenance phase of electrical machinery and equipment There is no technical and institutional management plan for remodeling and alteration. Analysis of actual conditions and problems related to the installation, use, and maintenance of explosion-proof equipment, comparative analysis of domestic and international technical standards and systems, technical, institutional and administrative systems and systems related to installation, use, and maintenance of explosion-proof equipment, technical personnel and qualifications, etc. It is to propose legislation, system improvement, and technical standard establishment related to the maintenance of explosion-proof facility performance through improvement of the necessity and feasibility study for establishment of the legal status of the management site and management plan. As technical measures, KS standard revision (draft), KOSHA guide (draft) and explosion-proof facility performance maintenance manual were presented. In addition, the institutional management plan proposed the revised rule on occupational safety and health standards, the revised rule on the restriction of employment of hazardous work, and the manpower training program related to the maintenance of explosion-proof facilities and the qualification plan. Enhance safety at the installation, use, and maintenance stage of explosion-proof structured electrical machinery. It is expected to be used to classify explosion hazards, select related equipment, and to update and standardize standards related to installation, use and maintenance.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.250-262
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• 2017

본 연구는 행정실무사 제도 운영 실태에 대한 교원들과 행정실무사들의 인식을 분석함으로써 효율적인 운영방안을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 경기도내 초 중등학교 교원들과 행정실무사들을 대상으로 FGI를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 교원들과 행정실무사들은 제도 도입의 필요성을 공감하고 있었으며, 교원업무경감 효과에 대해 긍정적인 인식을 하고 있었다. 운영 실태에 대해서는 업무분담은 '일방적', '자발적', '협의'의 방식으로, 업무성격은 '교원지원'과 '잡무'로 구분하고 있었으며, 업무분장에 대한 행정실무사들의 불만과 구성원들 간 갈등이 나타나고 있었다. 제도 시행의 성과로는 교원역량 강화, 행정실무사들의 정체성 확립, 수업 중심으로의 학교문화변화가, 문제로는 업무분담 기준의 모호성, 업무분담 시스템 부재, 구성원들의 역량 부족, 구성원들 간 소통 부재, 형식적 연수로 나타났다. 개선방안에 대한 결론으로 교사전문성 향상을 위한 학교문화로 변화, 교장 리더십의 중요성, 학교현장의 실상을 반영한 업무분장 마련, 행정실무사들에 대한 동료의식 강화, 역량강화를 위한 맞춤식 연수 제공의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2020

치위생학과 임상실습 시 실습생의 적극성을 유발하는 요인을 탐색하기 위해 임상실습에 참여한 학생을 대상으로 2019.9.2.부터 2019.9.27.까지 개념도 연구를 수행하였다. 초점질문은 '임상 실습 시 적극성을 유발시키는 요인은 무엇입니까?' 이었고, 이에 대한 응답을 분석하여 총 33개의 진술문을 도출하였다. 다차원척도분석과 군집분석을 실시한 결과 적극성을 유발하는 요인은 '실습에 관한 정보 제공', '실무 참여 가능성', '적응 가능성', '교육자 태도', '교육자 인내심', '실습생 대우' 등 6가지로 나타났고, 이 중 적극성을 가장 높게 유발하는 요인은 '실무 참여 가능성'으로 나타났다. 적극성을 높이는 항목은 '실습 매뉴얼을 제공한다.', '가까이에서 자세히 관찰할 수 있다.', '충분한 기간동안 실습한다.', '교육자의 태도가 친절하다.' 등 4가지로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 치위생학과 학생들의 임상실습 효과를 높이기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2005

이 사례연구는 2002년 10월 15일 칼에 의한 좌상으로 경추 3-4번의 불완전 척수손상을 입은 25세의 남자 환자가 최초 병원에서 2002년 12월 한달 간의 치료를 마친 후, 2003년 1월 3일부터 4월 28일까지 태릉에 위치한 N 재활센터에서 주 5회 2시간의 자세조절 훈련, 심폐지구력 훈련, 웨이트 훈련, 스포츠(축구, 소프트 볼), 여가활동(등산)의 프로그램을 적용하여 척추손상 환자의 사회적응을 돕기위한 재활 프로그램의 다양화를 꾀하기 위한 기초 선행 작업으로 시작되었다. 신체능력을 평가하기 위한 측정도구는 관절가동범위(Range of Motion), 수동근력검사(Muscle Manual Test), 경직(Spasticity), 신체체력(Physical Fitness), 발란스(Balance: one leg stand), 상대적인 등속성 하지근력(Isokinetic Muscle Strength) 그리고 신체조성(Body Composition)로 하였다. 재활기간을 통해 처음 시작 일자에서 45일 간격으로 3차례의 측정을(1월 3일부터 4월 28일까지 실시하였다) 실시하였다. 최초 환자의 상태는 부분적으로 일상생활의 도움을 받아야 하는 상태로 동작을 시작하려 할 때 경직이 발생되어 옷을 입고 벗기, 신발 신고 벗기, 운전, 식사, 보행과 계단보행, 경사보행에서 보조자의 도움이 필요했으며, 작은 물건 잡기와 글씨쓰기, 타이핑 작업은 불가능 한 상태였다. 또한 스포츠 활동과 여가활동 역시 불가능 한 상태였다. 3달 15일간의 기간 동안 환자는 복학을 준비하기 위해 적극적으로 치료에 임했으며, 결과는 다음과 같았다. 신체조성은 재활 훈련을 통해 체중, 체지방율(%), 복부지방율(WHR)의 많은 감소를 가져왔다. 경직을 측정하는 Ashworth Scale은 정상에 가깝게 감소하였다. 관절가동범위는 고관절, 무릎, 발목에서 모두 증가하였다. 수동근력검사(0-9)는 많은 향상을 가져왔다. 신체체력능력 항목에서 근지구력의 윗몸일으키기와 팔굽히기, 악근력, 유연성으로 앉아 체간 숙이기, 민첩성으로 사이드 스텝, 순발력의 서전트는 모두 크게 향상되었다. 환자의 일상능력에서도 옷을 입고 벗기, 신발 신고 벗기, 운전, 식사, 보행과 계단보행, 경사보행에서 보조자의 도움이 필요없었으며, 타이핑 작업은 5손가락을 모두 사용하지는 않았지만, 1분에 80타로 큰 향상을 가져왔다. 또한 축구와 소프트볼, 등산을 달에 1회 정도 실시하여 약간의 도움만으로 가능하게 되었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

Purpose - After the transition, the development of defense industry in Eastern Europe has been regressed. Recently, they have internationally recognized that new products have been exported and contributed to the Innovation-Based Manufacturing of national economy such as unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, water purification technology, and mobile chemical laboratory, etc. The military forces in Eastern Europe are re-armed by the localization of self-produced munitions in their own defense industry, and then emphasize fostering their own defense industry. Thus, if they make a collaboration with other nations as a industrial cluster, it will gain a competitive edge on the defense industry. Research design, data, and methodology - The study was designed with the data of each national defense department. The research of the subject was reviewed before and after the transition. Thousands of workers have worked in defense industries before the transition, however, the defense industry and experts left after the transition. The Hungarian defense spending on GDP also dropped sharply from 1.72% in 2000 to 0.85% in 2013. But, due to the crisis in Ukraine and the crisis of Syrian refugees, the Viségrad Group (V4) member countries have also increased their interest in a defense and industries as well as the confidence in the EU and NATO. Results - On the whole, the joint of military training and purchase of defense materials were found in order to form the EU cooperative combat troops in CEE. There are the implementation of a joint manual plan for strengthening V4 security policy and the joint military exercises for V4 every year, and the others are electronic warfare and innovation of V4 national forces. Through such a performance analysis methodology, we found that the defense industry is developed through the national cluster cooperation among CEEs and spreading global distribution. Conclusions - Eastern Europe and Balkan countries have been looking forward to cooperating with the non-EU countries such as Korea and other defense industries. There are a lot of potential development into a new civilian cooperation defense industry for global-distribution. Thus, Korea should develop electronic commercial applications, not just as a weapon exporting region.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.184-189
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• 2009

In order to improve the operation of energy systems, it is necessary for the urban communities to have reliable optimization routines, both computerized and manual, implemented in their organizations. However, before a production plan for the energy system units can be constructed, a prediction of the energy systems first needs to be determined. So, several methodologies have been proposed for energy demand prediction, but due to uncertainties in urban community, many of them will fail in practice. The main topic of this paper has been the development of a method for energy demand prediction at urban community. Energy demand prediction is important input parameters to plan for the energy planing. This paper presents a energy demand prediction method which estimates heat and electricity for various building categories. The method has been based on artificial neural networks(ANN). The advantage of ANN with respect to the other method is their ability of modeling a multivariable problem given by the complex relationships between the variables. Also, the ANN can extract the relationships among these variables by means of learning with training data. In this paper, the ANN have been applied in oder to correlate weather conditions, calendar data, schedules, etc. Space heating, cooling, hot water and HVAC electricity can be predicted using this method. This method can produce 10% of errors hourly load profile from individual building to urban community.