• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.45
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• pp.451-477
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• 2016

The changes in media environments have impacted on the ways in which knowledges are formed and transmitted and therefore the relevance of the traditional school subjects have been increasingly questioned. In this context, the discourses of the reformation of the 21st century schooling have focused on convergence education and media literacy education. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the fact that the practices of transdisciplinary integrated curriculum focusing on digital media content are grown voluntarily in schools. This research is a case study of a convergence educational project that was initiated by a middle school teacher who designed and implemented a unique program of the transdisciplinary class of Korean focusing on reading webtoons with the linked program of a 'Book Club Activity' that was a part of 'Creative Experiential Activitites'. Based on the analysis of the documents, participatory observation of a main event and the interview with the teacher, this article discusses how the webtoon-focused convergence education project might have achieved meaningful connections between a subject-focused learning and a creative experiences-focused learning; between in and out of school learning spaces; between the real and imaginative worlds; and between the boundaries of the popular culture and the arts. The main finding of the research can be summarized as follows: Firstly, webtoon as the subject of the study can be an effective medium of transdisciplinary integrated curriculum. Secondly, the convergence project based on webtoons can create meaningful learning spaces in and out of school environments in terms of creating more learner-participatory learning culture as well as connecting students' everyday lives, popular arts and their learning about culture. Another important finding of this research is the rediscovery of the teacher's role in terms of mediating the voices of students as readers in the process of constructing and implementing the integrated curriculum.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.589-610
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• 2017

This study aimed at examining the music world of the composer Muczynski, who played an important and meaningful role in the various experimental trends of music which began to appear in the early $20^{th}$ century, and his works, thereby understanding his relationship with the development of music of various genres today. In the study, his pieces of piano music among his works, which formed the basis for his music, were analyzed. The study examined stylistic characteristics, that is techniques of various types including form, melody, harmony, tonality, rhythm and structure, and introduced the composer's growth in terms of music and philosophical background. Muczynski, the composer who showed the characteristics of neoclassicism, neoromanticism and neobaroque in contrast to the various forms of the $20^{th}$ music, namely music of free styles including atonal music, twelve-tone technique, avant-garde music and electronic music, used traditional forms. However, the characteristics of his works are very free. In addition, in the 1960s, he participated in the production of documentary movie music, creating very creative and sensational music. Muczynski's music has the features of tonality and shows neoclassic and neoromantic features including economical idea, lyrical melody, bitonality and nine-note scale. His music, therefore, is being evaluated as very creative and valuable and is largely significant in that it has provided a good basis for the development of modern movie music and jazz music today.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.299-323
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• 2017

Interests to cultural prototype as a material of cultural contents are getting more increasing nowadays. One of them is myth. The important thing when you are dealing with the myth as the material that how to convert prototype narratives. Today, digital culture is becoming one of the essential elements of mankind, that is a new sociocultural phenomenon and distinguishing differentiation from the past analogue era. In this regard, the combination of mythology and digital culture is effective strategies for transforming storytelling that can resonate with people who are not familiar with myths. puts the view both of this world and underworld, mythical characters, and various elements of the Grim Reaper into the story. And combines them with digital elements. sets the world that the transcendental soul exists as physically transferred data form. and reinterprets the traditional mythology world into the digitally operated world. Soul-Phone from this anime reflects the digital culture such as storage and transmission, and helps enjoying audiences accept the unfamiliar world of myth. And also It symbolically shows dystopian viewpoints through side effects can caused by digital technology development, such as the instrumentalization of human being, the risk of communication through digital media, and ego-loss caused by duplication, etc. In conclusion, forms a consensus with the audience through the transformation strategy of storytelling that converts the world of myth into the digital world. And it reflects the dystopian view and shows a differentiated world view from the narrative of myth.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.50
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• pp.75-99
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• 2018

Makoto Shinkai, an animated film maker in Japan, has been featured as a one-person production system and as a 'writer of light', but his 2016 release of "Your Name" was a departure from the elements that characterize his existing works. At the same time, by the combination of the traditional musubi(むすび) story, ending these, it was a big hit due to its rich narratives and attraction of open interpretation possibility. As it can be guessed from the title of this work, this work shows the encounter between the Japanese ancient language and the modern language in relation to the 'name', and presents the image that the role of the name(language) is repeatedly emphasized with various variations in events for the perfect 'encounter'. In this work, the interpretations of $Signifi\acute{e}$ for characters and objects are extended and reserved as a metaphorical role of the similarity, depending on the meaning of the subject which they touch. The relationship between words and objects analyzed through the structure of Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$ is an epoch-making ideological discovery of modern times revealed through F. Saussure. Focusing on "the difference" between being this and that from the notion of Saussure, Derrida dismissed logocentrism, rationalism that fully obeyed the order of Logos. Likewise, dismissing the center, or dismissing the owner had emerged after the exclusive and closed principle of metaphysics in the west was dismissed. Derrida's definition of 'deconstruction' is a philosophical strategy that starts with the insight on the nature of language. 'Dissemination,' a metaphor that he used as a methodological concept to read texts acts as interpretation and practice (or play), but does not pursue an ultimate interpretation. His 'undecidability' does not start with infinity, but ends with infinity. The researcher testifies himself and identifies that we can't be an interpreter of the world because we, as a human are not the subject of language but a user. Derrida also interpreted the world of things composed of Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$ as open texts. In this respect, this study aimed to read Makoto's works telling about the meeting of a thing and a thing with name as a guide, based on Derrida's frame of 'deconstruction' and 'dissemination.' This study intends to re-consider which relationship the Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$ have with human beings who live in modern times, examine the relationship between words and objects presented in this work through Jacques Derrida's destruction and dissemination concepts, and recognize that we are merely a part of Signifiant and $Signifi\acute{e}$. Just as Taki and Mitsuha confirm the existence by asking each other, we are in the world of things, expecting musubi that a world of names calls me.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.109-123
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• 2004

In this study, the fashion trend after the 1990s and the characteristics of fashion in the postmodernistic viewpoint that mainly effected fashion were observed, and the characteristics of fashion illustration expression was observed in the viewpoint of its link. It can be seen that mutually close characteristics are mutually linked. As the result of this study, the characteristics of fashion illustration can be categorized into three areas. and the sub-concepts are as following. The first category is the pursuit of feminine beauty of individual multi-dimension. This includes- 1) retro feminine beauty; 2) fetishistic and ecstatic feminine beauty; 3) mixed composition genderless (mixed composition style. ageless style and raceless style): and 4) beauty of body deconstruction and reconstruction (deformation due to partial transformation, change into animalization, mechanization and spirituelization. and beautification of crudeness). The second is the intentional deviation of expression and production technique. This includes-1) deviation from traditional perspective; 2) deviation from composition concept: and 3) breaking away from the existing material and expression technique of material. The third is the pursuit of authority-rejection form of expression. This is an area that should be noticed in the fashion illustration expression of the 1990s, as it shows the most diverse phenomenon. The sub-concepts of this category include- 1) separation of art 2) minimalism (minimalism in structure and production method); 3) flatness; 4) completion of incompletion; 5) accidentalism; 6) sportive;7) absence of figure; 8) intentional childishness 9) story development; 10) techno mechanism and cyber character; and 11) animation style.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.616-624
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• 2009

This paper presents a 3D stereoscopic TIP (Tour Into Picture) for Korean classical paintings being composed of persons, boat, and landscape. Unlike conventional TIP methods providing 2D image or video, our proposed TIP can provide users with 3D stereoscopic contents. Navigating a picture with stereoscopic viewing can deliver more realistic and immersive perception. The method firstly makes input data being composed of foreground mask, background image, and depth map. The second step is to navigate the picture and to obtain rendered images by orthographic or perspective projection. Then, two depth enhancement schemes such as depth template and Laws depth are utilized in order to reduce a cardboard effect and thus to enhance 3D perceived depth of the foreground objects. In experiments, the proposed method was tested on 'Danopungjun' and 'Muyigido' that are famous paintings made in Chosun Dynasty. The stereoscopic animation was proved to deliver new 3D perception compared with 2D video.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2005

The interaction property of digital media have changed traditional storytelling into a new concept, digital-storytelling, which has been widely accepted. Nowadays open-ended game storytelling, which different from story design of movie or animation, is chosen for the development of RPG. It can make infinite stories according to player character's decision. In this paper, we propose a game storytelling structure focused on the characters for RPG, and analyze how characters designed with various story-values interact with background stories and events in the cyber game world through case studies. This research is necessary to design predictable game mechanics and provide methods to control game play in case of special-purpose game.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.219-225
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• 2000

Most of designers use applied software of computer programs instead of traditional tools such as brushes, poster colors, etc. for drawing and designing. For example applied software programs for design are applied the workings printing, presentation, movie, animation, character design as well as industrial design. Especially, quality of applied software programs in the field of visual communication design influence on the design results in future. Therefore, many college attempt to invest budget to inhrence the quality of software program in design education. However, effectiveness of investment is lowered due to the professional lack of software knowledge. This study tries to explore how the investment for software program in visual communication design becomes more effective, and to suggest how the order of software program, design curriculum through the affective computer usage in design education will be more useful than now. By comparing and contrasting the different cases in the computer environments of the colleges, this study was processing, the result of this study will contribute to the design education of visual communication.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.336-341
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• 2007

Purpose: The most accepted method for the reanimation of a paralyzed face is the two-stage method that combines cross-face nerve grafting with free-muscle transfer. Although the results of reconstruction with this method are satisfactory, there is an excessive delay between the stages, which prolongs the period of rehabilitation. In order to overcome this drawback, a one- stage, neurovascular free-flap reconstruction method using free neurovascular muscle flaps is introduced. Methods: From 1994 to 2004, 35 patients with longstanding facial palsy were treated. Fifteen patients underwent the single-stage reconstruction with the latissimus dorsi muscle, and 20 patients underwent the two-stage reconstruction method with the gracilis muscle. We compared the long-term results of the two methods of reconstruction. The mean follow-up period was 28.7 months for one-stage reconstruction, and 35.2 months for the two-stage, respectively. Results: In the patient group of the single stage reconstruction, both mouth corner excursion and animation grade were markedly improved at the final postoperative visit. Moreover, the first muscle contraction occurred earlier in this group, than in the two-stage reconstruction group. However, four patients in the single stage group never achieved a first muscle contraction or mouth corner excursion. Conclusion: Facial palsy is a very challenging condition for cosmetic surgeons to deal with. Traditional methods for treatment of chronic facial palsy use a two-stage muscle flap which is time-consuming and burdensome to patients, many of whom are averse to waiting 8 to 12 months to complete the two stages. The one-stage reconstruction method described herein uses a latissimus dorsi free-flap and has demonstrated consistent positive outcomes in clinical assessments.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.119-127
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• 2008

The object of this study is to find ways of a creation and an usage of cultural contents, based on the survey of the culture archetype facts, the culture elements and the narrative structure of 'Geotagi folk tale'. This story takes its place as our cultural archetype, because of its perfect narrative structure and the myth-like features in the story line. Additionally, various cultural elements implied in the text have the world wide universality as well as the unique traditional characters of Korea. Thus, for above reason, 'Geotagi folk tale' can be helpful in creating the new cultural contents. In creating and using the cultural contents of 'Geotagi folk tale', the first way is to build up the Digital contents including the data base of the original text and others, and the creation of graphics. The second way is to create the story bank utilizing hypertext. The third way is to make flash animations or games concerning the folk tale. and the fourth way is to to develop the symbols of the folk tale as animation characters.