• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.258-273
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• 2019

Bilbao, Spain, made a mark as a example of the regional revitalization by culture and tourism. Korean Government have a perspective that culture and tourism could be an alternative to the regional crisis of manufacturing in 2018. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the locational specificity and the revival strategies for the regional development of Bilbao in a structural context. This could provide implications to the regional crisis of Korea. The main results are summarized as follows. Firstly, the local government of Bilbao has taken an active role, using not only its political and financial autonomy but also its locational advantage as an important nodal region of transnational trade networks in Europe. Secondly, Bilbao was able to sustain its regional revitalization initiatives for a long period by facilitating public-private partnership system. Finally, despite the effectiveness of the mega project and place marketing, low job security and the polarization of the service sector have emerged as a problem at the same time. Still, the deindustrialization of Bilbao could be possible due to the various services including knowledge-based services and financial services as well as culture and tourism.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.65-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of country personality dimensions and product involvement on European consumers purchase and visit intentions, considering the Portuguese context. The increasing economic globalisation has resulted in the reducing of trade barriers between nations and the availability of more foreign products and services across borders. Therefore, the place associations of these products and services might be regarded as a potential competitive differentiator in their respective markets. Despite the proliferation of literature devoted to assessing the effects of country-of-origin, the symbolic dimension of a country's image remains understudied. A questionnaire measuring country personality dimensions, product involvement, and consumer's purchase and visit intention was passed on a sample of 335 European consumers. Country personality indeed matters both positively and negatively. Findings show that while assiduousness positively influences consumer's visit intentions, wickedness has a negative influence on consumer's purchase intentions. Findings also reveal that product involvement has a positive significant influence on consumer's purchase and visit intentions. On developing marketing strategies, international marketers and governmental decision-makers should consider product involvement attributes and specific country personality traits to provide the country's products with a competitive edge, as well as to promote the country as a travelling destination.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 2016

In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of R&D investment efficiency and operational efficiency of IT firms using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We categorized thirteen sample firms into two groups-IT manufacturing and IT service-after an extensive literature review on IT industry classification. We adopted an output-oriented two-stage DEA model suggested by Banker et al. (1984) with total asset and R&D investment as input variables. Then, we constructed investment efficiency and operational efficiency by using Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Asset (ROA) as intervening variables and operating income and Earnings Per Share (EPS) as output variables. The outcome of the analysis is summarized as follows. First of all, IT manufacturing firms were more efficient (57% on average) than IT service firms. To be specific, IT service firms showed decreasing returns to scale (DRS) with diseconomy of scale. In contrast, IT service firms showed higher operational efficiency (81.5% on average) than IT manufacturing firms. Also, we conducted a Mann-Whitney U test to compare the output of IT service firms and IT manufacturing firms. Lastly, we found a negative correlation ($R^2$ = -.754) between R&D investment efficiency and operational efficiency which infers the trade-off between two constructs

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.3293-3311
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• 2015

Cloud services are required to be composed as a single service to fulfill the workflow applications. Service composition in Cloud raises new challenges caused by the diversity of users with different QoS requirements and vague preferences, as well as the development of cloud computing having geographically distributed characteristics. So the selection of the best service composition is a complex problem and it faces trade-off among various QoS criteria. In this paper, we propose a Cloud service composition approach based on evolutionary algorithms, i.e., NSGA-II and MOPSO. We utilize the combination of multi-objective evolutionary approaches and Decision-Making method (AHP) to solve Cloud service composition optimization problem. The weights generated from AHP are applied to the Crowding Distance calculations of the above two evolutionary algorithms. Our algorithm beats single-objective algorithms on the optimization ability. And compared with general multi-objective algorithms, it is able to precisely capture the users' preferences. The results of the simulation also show that our approach can achieve a better scalability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.237-247
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• 2020

This study explored the impact of interactional justice on supply-chain collaboration and sustainable supply-chain performance. Accordingly, it classified interactional justice of supply-chain management (SCM) into interpersonal and informational justice, and empirically classified the effects of these subordinate concepts on supply-chain collaboration and sustainable supply-chain performance. To this end, 700 questionnaires were distributed, and 201 final valid responses were used for the statistical analysis which revealed the significant positive influence of interpersonal justice on informational justice. This indicates that courtesy, respect, and proper words are important in the relationship between buyers and sellers. Both interpersonal and informational justice had a significant positive relationship with supply-chain collaboration. The results suggest that a fair-trade environment should be cultivated to encourage and facilitate seller-buyer collaboration. Lastly, supply-chain collaboration had a positive influence on sustainable supply-chain performance. This implies that if justice is not perceived in the seller-buyer relationship, collaboration can be hindered, which negatively impacts corporate performance. These findings also helped to understand the importance of interactional justice and to propose a new relationship between interpersonal and informational justice.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.7 s.110
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• pp.933-938
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• 2006

Different multimedia services over networks not only require different amounts of bandwidth but also have different Qualify of Service (QoS) requirements. For example, QoS guarantees for higher priority calls is an important issue in multimedia communication networks. In this paper, we develop an adaptive bandwidth management algorithm, which is able to provide QoS guarantees for higher priority calls while accommodating as many heterogeneous multimedia call connections as possible. Our scheme, based on reservation and bandwidth adaptation, manages bandwidth based on real time estimates of current network conditions. Simulation results indicate the superior performance of our scheme providing excellent trade off between contradictory requirements.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.3-21
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• 2016

The thesis examines genealogical study of various aspects to overcome lots of problems which come by when we execute SWIFTNet TSU BPO. Practical implications regarding the innovation of electronic trade infrastructure are as follows. First, the shipping documents in the SWIFTNet TSU BPO are directly sent to an importer by an exporter after the baseline is confirmed. With this process itself, therefore, the bank cannot secure the account receivable. When initiating the SWIFTNet TSU BPO deal, it is needed to set regulations on the bank's account receivable security in the contract. Second, the SWIFTNet TSU BPO should also have an institutionally unified sharing platform with security, stability and convenience. It other words, it is needed to develop services which meet e-payment paradigm and international environments through continued analysis on market changes and flow. Third, the SWIFTNet TSU is useful in terms of promptness, reduction of risk in foreign exchange payment, cost reduction. Therefore, the SWIFT should be perfectly united and linked among the banks, importer and exporter to make the SWIFTNet TSU more convenient in countries around the world. Fourth, the SWIFT should be approached from the aspect of expansion of network and creation of a new business model through analysis on these problems with a worldwide perspective. At the same time, it is necessary to build a cooperative system to share information and promote comprehensive management for efficient operation.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.171-183
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• 2019

Convergence between technology and financial services is ubiquitous and widespread. Virtual banks represent an important aspect of financial markets that can generate value added for consumers and enhance the quality of financial services. This study explores the effect of innovation characteristics (relative advantage, compatibility, and perceived risk), consumer characteristics (status quo bias), and social mechanisms (network externality: complementarity, numbers of peers) on consumers' adoption intention and resistance to virtual banks. This study adopted an innovation resistance model with two dependent variables: adoption intention and resistance to virtual banks. An online self-administered survey was conducted and 532 or non-users of virtual banks aged 20 to 69 years old were analyzed. Frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression indicated that status quo bias, relative advantage, perceived risk, complementarity, and number of peers insignificantly influence the adoption intention regarding virtual banks. Furthermore, status quo bias, relative advantage, perceived risk, and number of peers insignificantly influence the resistance to virtual banks. Female respondents have a lower adoption intention and higher resistance to virtual banks than male respondents. The findings suggest that the innovation resistance model can be useful in understanding consumers'adoption and resistance behavior as well as reveal that innovation characteristics, consumer characteristics, and social mechanism are important antecedent variables of the innovation adoption decision.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.169-202
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• 2019

Productivity in agriculture or services has long been understood as playing an important role in the growth of manufacturing. In this paper we present a general equilibrium model in which manufacturing growth is stimulated by non-manufacturing sectors that provides goods used in both research and final consumption. The model permits the evaluation of two policy options for stimulating manufacturing growth: (1) a country imports more non-manufacturing goods from a foreign country with higher productivity and (2) a country increases productivity of domestic non-manufacturing. We find that both policies improve welfare of the economy, but depending on the policy the manufacturing sector responses differently. Specifically, employment and value-added in manufacturing increase with policy (1), but contract with policy (2). Therefore, specialization of the import non-manufactured goods helps explain why some Asian economies experience rapid growth in the manufacturing sector without progress in other sectors.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.133-140
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• 2019

Following the recent US trade deficit, the trade war began between Korea and Japan in July. Korea's trade dependence is about 60% or more, indicating high export dependence and import dependence. The purpose of this study is to examine export amount, export volume, export price index, Treasury bond interest rate and analyze how index affects export amount. This study attempts to analyze the comovement and volatility with export amount. For this purpose, monthly data for each indicator were selected for a total of 234 months from January 2000 to June 2019. As a result of analysis, exports amount and exports volume showed very high comovement, exports amount and interest rates showed low comovement, but exports amount and exports prices showed very low comovement. In the future, Korea should continue to increase exports amount in view of its high dependence on trade, along with policies to expand the domestic market. To this end, strategy to increase exports volume should be presented. Korea should increase the logistics environment and competitiveness of each port and airport, improve domestic and overseas network construction and support services of logistics companies.