• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.691-694
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• 2010

Purpose: Central giant cell granuloma is a rare, benign giant cell tumor which commonly develops in areas near the teeth. It accounts for approximately less than 7% of benign tumors of the mandible. Clinically, central giant cell granuloma is classifed into aggressive and non-aggressive type, and usually requires surgical treatment. There has been no report of central giant cell granuloma in plastic surgery field of the country, and we report a case with a brief review of the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: A 23-year-old male presented with a hard, non-tender, growing mass with the size of $4.0{\times}3.0\;cm$ on mandible for several months. Computed tomography scan showed a solid mass within thinned outer cortex on mandible. The thinned outer cortex was excised with the mass and the inner cortex was partially removed burring. After the tumor removal, mandible was fixed by reconstruction plate. Results: Pathologic report showed numerous large multinucleated giant cells, diffusely distributed in a background of ovoid-to-spindle-shaped mononuclear cells. There was no evidence of recurrence after 1 year follow up. Bony defect was regenerated and we removed the reconstruction plate. Conclusion: Removal of central giant cell granuloma results in defect of outer cortex, which can be reconstructed by using reconstruction plate, autologous bone graft or bone cement. We used reconstruction plate as a conservative method to induce secondary healing of the outer cortical defect area, which resulted in normal mastication and occlusion with no recurrence.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.486-491
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 조생종 '한아름'과 중생종 '신고'에서 만개전 적화처리가 과실의 비대 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 만개 전 5일에 적화처리를 실시하였다. 처리내용은 무처리구, 기부로부터 1, 2번화 제거구(T1), 6, 7번화 제거구(T2)로 나누어 실시하였다. 조생종 '한아름'의 경우 최종수확기에는 3.6%(T1) 및 4.6%(T2)의 크기 증가를 보였고 수확기 과실무게도 10.5%(T1) 및 11.0%(T2)의 증가를 보였다. 중생종 '신고'에서는 최종 수확기에는 12.6%(T1) 및 16.8%(T2)의 과실무게 증가를 보였고 두 품종 모두 대과의 생산비율이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 적화처리구는 수확기 가용성고형물 함량이 $1^{\circ}Brix$ 정도 증가하였으며 '신고'의 경우에도 무처리구에 비해 적화처리구의 과실에서 높은 적색도를 보였다. 따라서 조생종 '한아름'과 중생종 '신고' 배에 대한 만개 전 적화 처리는 과실의 비대촉진 및 가용성 고형물 증가 및 과피색 향상에 효과를 보이는 것으로 조사되었으며 화총의 기부로부터 6, 7번째 착색된 꽃을 제거하는 것이 보다 실용적인 방법으로 추천되었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.275-294
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• 1994

The occlusal interference during adolescent period makes some effects on growth and development and morphological changes. And so, if we could predict the the timing and results of orthodontic treatment who have occlusal interference during adolescent period, it may be helpful for diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic treatment. For about those, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the posterolateral displacement by the metal casting crown with inclined pathway on the mandibular condyle and morphologic changes of mandible in the rat. The experimental animals were thirty six Sprague-Dawley male rats of 8 weeks old. Eight of them was used as control group, and experimental group 1 ( continuous appliance wearing group ) was composed of sixteen and experimental group 2 ( appliance removal group after worn the appliances during 3 months ) was composed of remaining twelve. The animals of experimental grouop 1 were sacrificed after 1, 2, 3, 6 months from beginning of the experiment and experimental group 2 were sacrificed 1, 2, 3 months after removal of the appliance from worn the appliance during 3 months. Both of mandible and temporomandibular joint were observed histologically and radiologically. The results were as follows : 1. In experimental group 1, the mandibular length and lower posterior height were decreased with experimental period, while the lower anterior height was increased, and the curvature of lower incisors and lingual inclination of anterior alveolar bone were profound as compared with control group. 2. In experimental group 1, both of the thickness of the condylar cartilage were thinned in the posterosuperior region, and this phenomenon was more prominent on right than left in 3-Mo experimental period and both sides were marked thinned in 6-Mo experimental period. 3. In experimental group 2, the lower anterior height was low and lower posterior height was high as compared with experimental group 1, and the curvature of lower incisors and lingual inclination of anterior alveolar bone were recovered to control group. 4. In experimental group 2, both of the thickness of the condylar cartilage were thickened in the posterosuperior region, and this phenomenon was more prominent with experimental period. 5. In experimental group 2, the mandibular length was short, lower anterior height was hight, the curvature of lower incisors were profound, and in histologically, both of the thickness of the condylar cartilage were thickened in the posterosuperior region as compared with control group. As shown above, the occlusal interfemce affected the condylar cartilage, curvature of lower incisor, inclination of anterior alveolar bone, mandibular length, and anterior and posterior height. When the interference was removed, significant recover was found in condylar cartilage, mandibular length, and posterior height. Although no significance was found, other items of measurement showed trends for recovery.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제11B권3호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2004

일반적인 공장환경에서 적용할 수 있는 비젼 검사시스템의 개발을 위해서는 안정적이면서도 고속 패턴정합을 수행하는 알고리즘의 개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 전탐색 회피기법을 이용하는 자동화용 패턴검사를 위한 에지 기반의 점상관 고속 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 탐색할 영상의 에지특성을 분석함에 의해 전탐색을 회피함으로써 탐색복잡도를 크게 개선한다. 농담정규화정합(NGC)법을 사용하는 통상적인 검사 알고리즘은 공장환경에 적용할 매 몇가지 문제점을 극복해야 한다. 첫 번째는 과도한 계산량으로 고속동작을 가능하게 하기 위해 특별한 알고리즘의 설계가 필요하며 고속 하드웨어의 사용을 요구한다 두 번째는 불안정한 조명조건 하에서도 신뢰성 있는 검사결과를 주어야 한다는 것이다. 전통적인 NGC 알고리즘은 조명의 불안정에 따라 검사결과가 크게 변동하는 특성을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해 에지 기반의 점상관 알고리즘을 제안한다. 계산량을 개선하기 위해 전탐색 회피 알고리즘을 개발하여 적용하고, 에지 피라미드 구조를 탐색에 T입하여 실시간에 근접하는 시간 복잡도를 달성한다. 제안된 방법들은 실제 영상에 적용하여 신뢰성을 검증한다

• 에너지공학
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

화력발전소에서 사용되는 급수 가열기 튜브에서는 사용중에 두께 감육이 발생하여 수명이 소진된다. 감육에 의한 파열 우려가 있으면 수명이 종료되는데, 파열조건을 결정하는 튜브 벽의 응력은 내압에 의한 원주방향 응력의 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 알려져 있지만, 튜브 내외부 온도차이에 의한 열응력에 대한 고려 또한 필요하다. 튜브 두께 방향의 온도차이는 열응력을 발생시켜 튜브의 잔여수명을 단축시키는 영향을 준다. 본 논문에서는 급수가열기 내에서 튜브 내표면과 외표면에 온도 차이가 가장 큰 과열저감구역(de-superheating zone)을 대상으로 열응력을 연구하였다. 원주방향으로 균일하게 감육된 튜브에서 두께방향의 온도차 때문에 발생하는 원주방향 응력, 반경방향 응력 및 온도분포를 평가하기 위한 해석적 수식을 제시하였다. 제시된 해석식의 정확도와 효과를 검증하기 위해 식으로부터의 계산된 결과를 유한요소해석으로 평가한 정확한 결과와 비교하였다. 또한, 유한요소해석으로 편심 감육된 튜브에 대한 응력도 평가하였다. 열응력 해석 및 온도 분포 해석에서 대류열전달 계수의 영향을 분석하기 위해 튜브 내표면 및 외표면에 여러 값의 열대류 계수를 적용하여 해석 결과를 비교하였다. 해석 결과 튜브 내표면보다 외표면의 열대류 계수가 응력 발생에 더 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 열하중만 고려된 경우, 균일 감육과 편심 감육 상태 모두에서 원주방향 응력이 반경방향 응력보다 크게 평가되었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 1993

Si기판상에 Ni 박막 저항체를 형성하여 hot wire anemometer형 흐름측정 소자를 제작하고 이의 특성을 평가하여 보안ㅆ다. 니켈 박박 저항체의 온도계수는 박막의 두께가 얇아짐에 따라 감소하였으며, 제작된 흐름센서의 감ㅁ도는 111.3${\mu}$W/(${\ell}$ pm$)^{1/2}$, 동적인 응답시간은 수 십초 정도로 평가되었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.33-33
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• 2009

Silicon nano-structures have great potential in bionic sensor applications. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) anodic oxidation have many advantages for the nanostructure fabrication, such as simple process in atmosphere at room temperature, compatibility with conventional Si process. In this work, we fabricated simple FET structures with channel width W~ 10nm (nanowire) and $1{\mu}m$ (nano-ribbon) on ~10, 20 and 100nm-thinned silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers in order to investigate the surface effect on the transport characteristics of nano-channel. For further quantitative analysis, we carried out the 2D numerical simulations to investigate the effect of channel surface states on the carrier distribution behavior inside the channel. The simulated 2D cross-sectional structures of fabricated devices had channel heights of H ~ 10, 20, and 100nm, widths of L ~ $1{\mu}m$ and 10nm respectively, where we simultaneously varied the channel surface charge density from $1{\times}10^{-9}$ to $1{\times}10^{-7}C/cm2$. It has been shown that the side-wall charge of nanowire channel mainly affect the I-V characteristics and this was confirmed by the 2D numerical simulations.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2014

Spectrum sensing is vital for secondary unlicensed nodes to coexist and avoid interference with the primary licensed users in cognitive wireless networks. In this paper, we develop models for bounding interference levels from secondary network to the primary nodes within a spectrum sensing framework. Instead of classical stochastic approaches where Poisson point processes are used to model transmitters, we consider a more practical model which takes into account the medium access control regulations and where the secondary Poisson process is judiciously thinned in two phases to avoid interference with the secondary as well as the primary nodes. The resulting process will be a modified version of the Mat$\acute{e}$rn point process. For this model, we obtain bounds for the complementary cumulative distribution function of interference and present simulation results which show the developed analytical bounds are quite tight. Moreover, we use these bounds to find the operation regions of the secondary network such that the interference constraint is satisfied on receiving primary nodes. We then obtain theoretical results on the primary and secondary throughputs and find the throughput limits under the interference constraint.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.843-852
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• 2000

The flow characteristics and the heat transfer rate on a surface by interaction of a pair of vortices were studied experimentally. The test facility consisted of a boundary-layer wind tunnel with a vortex introduced into the flow by half-delta winglet protruding from the surface. In order to control the strength of the longitudinal vortices, the angles of attack of the vortex generators were varied from $\pm20\;degree\;to\;\pm45$ degree, but spacings between the vortex generators were fixed to 4 cm. The 3-dimensional mean velocity measurements were made using a five-hole pressure probe. Heat transfer measurements were made using the thermochromatic liquid to provide the local distribution of the heat transfer coefficient. By using the method mentioned above, the following conclusions were obtained from the present experiment. The boundary layer was thinned in the regions where the secondary flow was directed toward the wall and thickened where it was directed away from the wall. The peak augmentation of the local heat transfer coefficient occurred in the downwash region near the point of minimum boundary-layer thickness.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thinning on fine root biomass and vertical distribution. and litterfall amount in a 50 year old Pinus koraiensis plantation in Chuncheon, Kangwon Province. Fine root (< 2 mm in diameter) biomass ($367\;g/m^2$) in the site 'OC_75', thinning once in 1975, was 68% of those in the site 'CON', no thinning after planting, and in the site 'TC_00', thinning twice in 1975 and 2000. There were no significant differences of dead roots among treatments. Diameter $0{\sim}1\;mm$ roots were vertically decreased only in the TC_00 site. The litterfall was very similar between OC_75 ($5.2\;Mg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$) and TC_00 ($4.7\;Mg\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$), but the composition of litterfall was different: The proportion of leaves and branches was 80% and 13% in OC_75 and 56% and 36% in TC_00, respectively. Reduction of P. koraiensis density by thinning decreased leaf litter as well as fine roots of P. koraiensis, but increased fine roots production by neighboring understory plants offset the reduction of fine roots of P. koraiensis. We suggest that belowground as well as aboveground responses, including both over- and understory vegetation, should be considered to measure the responses of trees in thinned forest ecosystems.