• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.649-659
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a school-based peer leader centered smoking prevention program. Methods: Non-equivalent control group with a pre/post-test design was used. Students (n=174) in two boys' junior high schools located in D city, Korea participated with 85 being selected for the experimental group and 89 for the control group. Five sessions were given to the experimental group and a 50 minute lecture to the control group. Knowledge, attitude, nonsmoking intention, and nonsmoking efficacy were measured for the both experimental and control group at two weeks before the program and one month after the program was completed. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test and paired t-test with the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The experimental group showed higher overall knowledge, negative attitude toward smoking, and higher non-smoking intention and efficacy. After receiving the school based peer leader centered smoking prevention program scores for attitude toward smoking and nonsmoking efficacy increased in the experimental group were higher than in the control group. Conclusion: The school-based peer leader centered smoking prevention program needs longitudinal evaluation, but from this study, there is an indication that this program can be used with junior high school students and effectively change students' attitude toward smoking and promote nonsmoking efficacy.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.66-79
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to develop a respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschoolers and measure it's effects. Method: The respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschoolers consisted of texts, cartoons, photographs, discussions, demonstrations, puzzle games, die games, compensation/reinforcement, and token economy which were directed under the systematic design of instruction by Dick ％amp; Carey. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group with pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 45 preschool children who are attending 3 different district nursery schools and they were matched by the age, pretest knowledge, and pretest behavior. The instrument used in this study was criterion referenced test items that were developed by a researcher for evaluating the subject's knowledge, attitude, and behavior about respiratory communicable disease prevention. A pretest was administered a week before treatment. Experimental group Ⅰ was administered by the treatment of respiratory communicable disease prevention program. Experimental group Ⅱ was administered by above program with token economy program. The posttest was conducted on the eighth day. The third test for behavior was completed 15th day. To determine the effect of the program, the data were analyzed by the SAS 6.12 program with Kruskal Wallis test, ANCOVA, ANOVA, Duncan's test and paired t-test. Result: 1) There was a significant difference in knowledge between the experimental groups and control group(F=5.89, P=0.0197). 2) There was a significant difference in attitude between the experimental groups and control group(F=3.29, P=0.0469). 3) There was a non-significant difference in behavior between the experimental groups and control group(F=0.00, P=0.9512). 4) In the experimental groupⅡ, there was highly significant increase in behavior after token economy(t=4.5252, P=0.0005). Conclusion: It was found that the respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschool children was effective in changing the preschoolers' knowledge and attitude on the respiratory communicable disease prevention, but not enough for changing the preschoolers' behavior. Token economy was improved as an effective and strong method for inducing desirable changes of preschoolers' behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.6 s.208
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• pp.145-169
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• 2005

This study aimed to evaluate Comprehensive Croup Therapy Program developed for children and mothers of divorced families. The research questions were to determine first, any differences between program participants and non-participant in the areas of life wellbeing, attitude towards divorce, self-esteem, and communication skills as a result of this program; and second the durability of these effects three months after implementation of the program. The subjects of this study were 41 children and 14 mothers of the divorced families. Among them, 18 children and 6 mothers, including 5 mother-child dyads were assigned to experimental group, while 23 children and 8 mothers, including 8 mother-child dyads, to control group. Both groups received pre-and post-test evaluation but experimental group additionally received a follow-up test. The data were analyzed by t-test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test and qualitative analysis. The results showed that therapy Program enhanced the life wellbeing of both child and mother participants significantly, and this effect lasted for at least for three months after the termination of the program. Second, though the effects were not statistically significant, child and mother participants' attitude towards divorce, self-esteem, and communication skills between mother and child changed positively after the program and these effects lasted for over three months.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.156-165
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to apply a dementia prevention program to the subjects who were suspected of dementia and test its effect. This study was one group pretest-posttest design. The dementia prevention program was applied for 20 weeks to the 19 subjects who were suspected of dementia after a screen test among 638 subjects enrolled in 10 senior citizen's centers in G city. The scores of self-efficacy, cognition, quality of life were measured before and after the program. The data collected were analyzed using a SPSS (statistical analysis system) program, and frequencies, averages and standard deviations were obtained. The differences of the scores of the pretest and posttest were analyzed with Mann-Whitney test and sign test. The results were as follows: 1. After the program, the average score of self-efficacy was increased from 75.31 (standard deviation 11.99) to 84.26 (standard deviation 13.92). 2. There are no differences between the average scores of physical and psychological quality of life, however, the average score of social quality of life was slightly increased from 2.25 (standard deviation 0.40) to 2.53 (standard deviation 0.43), and the overall score of social quality of life was low. 3. The average score of cognition was significantly increased from 21.00 (standard deviation 2.60) to 24.58 (standard deviation 3.37), thus, it was found that the program was effective to improve the cognition level. 4. The score differences of self-efficacy, quality of life, cognition between the pretest and posttest were statistically significant. 5. The score differences of quality of life between the pretest and posttest were found to be dependent on marital status, exercise and regular checkup yes or no. In conclusion, the program was effective to prevent the subjects suspected of dementia from dementia.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2005

This study aimed at examining an effect of a group art treatment program on isolated children's self-concept and adaptation to the school life in an elementary school. To achieve this goal, the two hypotheses were made. Hypothesis 1. Children in the experimental group that participated in the group art treatment program will show more improvement in self-concept than those in the control group. Hypothesis 2. Children in the experimental group that participated in the group art treatment program will show more improvement in the ability to adapt themselves to the school life than those in the control group. To test the hypotheses, the socio-emotional isolation test developed by Heo Seung-hi (1993) was carried out with 120 third-graders at K elementary school in Busan; then, 24 isolated children (12 boys and 12 girls) at the upper 25 percent level were randomly sampled and assigned to each of experimental and control groups. The five-stage art treatment program as a reconstruction of the prior study to meet the goal of this study was provided to children in the experimental group at the researcher's classroom after school for 13 sessions, two sessions per week. The self-concept test manufactured by Song In-seop (1996), the school life adaptation test developed by Lee Yeong-seon (1997), and the experimental group's school life drawing (KSD) were used to test an effect of the program. For data analysis, two methods, a quantitative analysis of two tests and a qualitative analysis of KSD, were used. The findings were as follows: After implementing the art treatment program with the experimental group, there was significant improvement in all areas. This study concluded that if a group art treatment program is applied to elementary school practice, it will help isolated children improve their self-concept and ability to adapt themselves to the school life.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1629-1637
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• 2007

An immunochromatography (ICG) strip test using a nanocolloidal gold-antibody probe was developed and optimized for the rapid detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A monoclonal antibody specific to AFB1 was produced from the cloned hybridoma cell (AF78), coupled with nanocolloidal gold, and distributed on the conjugate pad of the ICG strip test. The visual detection limit of the ICG strip test was 0.5 ng/ml, and this method showed a cross-reaction to aflatoxin B2, G1, and G2. In total, 172 grain and feed samples were collected and analyzed by both the ICG strip test and HPLC. The results of the ICG strip test showed a good agreement with those obtained by HPLC. These results indicated that the ICG strip test has a potential use as a rapid and cost-effective screening tool for the determination of AFB1 in real samples and could be applied to the preliminary screening of mycotoxin in food and agricultural products, generating results within 15 min without complicated steps.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.189-205
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• 2008

A group theraplay program for improving social competence of children in group homes was composed of 24 sessions. The researcher and a therapist accessed 5 children living in a group home and conducted one session each week for 6 months from May to September. Before the application of the program, a pre-test was conducted using evaluation measures of attachment stability, social competence, and children's behavioral problems. A post-test was performed after the end of the program and a follow-up test was carried out to determine the long term effects of the program. Results showed that the group theraplay program improved attachment stability and social competence of children in group homes and was effective in changing problem behaviors.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a psychomotorik program on the self concept, sociability and aggression in preschoolers. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. There were 34 subjects in the experimental group and 34 in control group among 68 preschoolers in a nursery in the city of G. The experimental group received an 12 weeks psychomotorik. The out come variables were measured before and after the program. Collected data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test, t-test, $X^2$. test, repeated measures ANOVA & ANCOVA using the SPSS 15.0 program. Result: After psychomotorik program, self concept, sociability were increased and aggression decreased in the experimental group. Conclusion: Psychomotorik program was effective in increasing self concept and sociability and decreasing aggression. The program should be effective in psychological development of preshoolers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.104-113
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a prenatal parental role education program. Methods: The participants were healthy primiparous women and their healthy newborn babies. 57 mother-infant diads(27 in the intervention group, 30 in the control group). For the intervention group, an additional 4 prenatal parental role education programs and 2 postnatal telephone calls(1st & 3rd week after birth) were provided. Data were analyzed by frequency, chi-square test, t-test and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS PC+ 10.0 program. Results: Significant differences were found in self-confidence in maternal role performance, mother-infant interaction and infant physical growth between the two groups. This result indicate that the intervention program was effective in improving self-confidence in maternal role performance, mother-infant interaction and in facilitating infant physical growth. Conclusions: The prenatal parental role education program developed by the author was a very effective program in promoting maternal self-confidence, mother-infant interaction, and fostering infant's physical growth at 4 weeks after infant's birth.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.201-214
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• 2003

The purpose of this research was to develop the education program for post-divorce adjustment and to evaluate effectiveness of the program. This program was consisted of eight sessions and applied to divorced parents. It was focused for the understanding of grief processes for adults, recovery by forgiveness, children's responses and coping strategies to divorce, open minded relationship between parents and children, and enhancement of self-esteem to be healthy single parent. Results of paired t-test showed that there were significant differences between pre-test and post-test, and the effectiveness remained until follow-up. In conclusion, this program was thought to be effective for improving self-esteem, divorce coping competency and minimizing of the depressions. Continual education is thought to be necessary for maintaining of the effectiveness to the divorced parents.