• 국토계획
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.54-66
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• 2019

This study analyzed whether a subway accessibility impact on house price is constant since its operation over time or not. The study was approached specifically to answer two research questions. One is "Are there significant temporal variations in the relationship between subway accessibility and housing price transacted after its opening?" The other one is "How the pattern of its temporal variation in housing price is formed as a function of the distance from the nearest station?" The study area is the subway station areas in the Daejeon metropolitan city, South Korea. Its first subway line has started to be opened in 2006 with 12 stations and then opened its additional 10 stations in 2007. It can be more appropriate to observe its impacts of subway accessibility on housing price because it has only one transit line with more than 10-year reaction term to its operation. The study employed alternative models to estimate yearly variation of subway accessibility on house price for the station areas with 500-meter and 1-kilometer radius respectively. While the study originally considered both a hedonic price model with interaction terms of its access distance to yearly transacted housing and a time-variant random coefficient model, the former model was finally selected because it is better fitted. Based on our analysis results, the reaction of house price to its transit line had significant temporal variation over time after opening. In addition, the pattern in its variation from our analysis results indicates that its capitalization impact on house price is over-estimated in its first several years after the opening. In addition, its positive capitalization impact is more effective in the 1000-meter station area than in the 500-meter one.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.645-654
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• 2011

복층거더 번들형 사장교의 대블럭 가설 중 내풍안정성 확보를 위해 잭업바지 위에 임시벤트를 설치하여 가설 구조계를 지지하는 방안이 검토되었다. 일반적으로 거스트 계수를 곱한 정적 항력으로 임시벤트를 설계하는 경우 거더의 버페팅력에 의해 발생되는 임시벤트의 축력 변동성분을 고려할 수 없으며, 이는 일부 설계기준에 제시된 정적 상향 풍력으로도 평가할 수 없다. 유용한 해결 방안으로 주파수영역 버페팅해석을 수행하고 임시벤트에 작용하는 거더의 반력을 산정하였다. 우선 임시벤트를 해석 모델에 포함하고 거더와의 동적 상호작용을 엄밀히 반영하는 해석을 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 임시벤트가 거더를 받치는 고정 지지점으로 간주하여 해석한 경우의 결과와 비교 검토하였다. 임시벤트의 강성을 고려하는 경우 산정된 임시벤트와 거더 간 작용력은 임시벤트를 고정 지지점으로 간주하여 얻은 반력에 비하여 작은 값을 보였다. 따라서 대상교량의 가설 구조물 내풍설계를 수행하는 경우 임시벤트가 포함된 해석 모델링의 필요성과 버페팅해석을 통한 동적내풍 설계의 유용성을 제시하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2627-2642
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• 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a typical, chronic neurodegenerative disease involving the concentration of dopamine, which can disrupt motor activity and cause different degrees of gait disturbance relevant to PD severity in patients. As current clinical PD diagnosis is a complex, time-consuming, and challenging task that relays on physicians' subjective evaluation of visual observations, gait disturbance has been extensively explored to make automatic detection of PD diagnosis and severity rating and provides auxiliary information for physicians' decisions using gait data from various acquisition devices. Among them, wearable sensors have the advantage of flexibility since they do not limit the wearers' activity sphere in this application scenario. In this paper, an attention-based temporal network (ATN) is designed for the time series structure of gait data (vertical ground reaction force signals) from foot sensor systems, to learn the discriminative differences related to PD severity levels hidden in sequential data. The structure of the proposed method is illuminated by Transformer Network for its success in excavating temporal information, containing three modules: a preprocessing module to map intra-moment features, a feature extractor computing complicated gait characteristic of the whole signal sequence in the temporal dimension, and a classifier for the final decision-making about PD severity assessment. The experiment is conducted on the public dataset PDgait of VGRF signals to verify the proposed model's validity and show promising classification performance compared with several existing methods.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.165-165
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• 2006

We prepared nonlinear optical (NLO) polymers possessing thermal and temporal stability, which were based on the polyimides appended with NLO chromophores. NLO chromophores with a terminal hydroxyl group have been synthesized by coupling between aminobenzene or julolidine donor and phenylene bridge, and then subsequent coupling between the resulting product and tricyanofuran acceptor. The chromophores were chemically bonded to the polyimides backbone through Mitsunobu reaction. The NLO polymers showed $160-170^{\circ}C$ of Tgs and were thermally stable up to $200^{\circ}C$. We obtained optical quality films by spincoating and evaluated their electro-optical properties and temporal stability.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.332-337
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• 1991

Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition producing subcutaneous tumor-like nodules mainly head and neck regions. Elevated serum Ig E levels and peripheral blood eosinophilia are common. Kimura's disease represents and aberrant immune reaction to an as yet unknown stimulus. This case presented is 27 year old female whose chief complaint were painful swelling on Rt cheek and temporal area and diagnosed as Kimura's disease. We preformed surgical excision of the mass on Rt. cheek and temporal area and reconstructed with temporal flap and about 100 cc of free fat graft on the defect of Rt. cheek.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2022

The photocatalytic degradation of salicylic acid takes place in several stages involving coupled phenomena, such as the transport of molecules and the chemical reaction. The systems of transport equations and the photocatalytic reaction are numerically solved using COMSOL Mutiphysics (CM) simulation software. CM will make it possible to couple the phenomena of flow, the transport of pollutants (salicylic acid) by convection and diffusion, and the chemical reaction to the catalytic area (bauxite or TiO2 doped by nanoparticles). The simulation of the conversion rate allows to correctly fit the experimental results. The temporal simulation shows that the reaction reaches equilibrium after a transitional stage lasting over one minute. The outcomes of the study highlight the importance of diffusion in the boundary layer and the usefulness of injecting micro-agitation into the microchannel flow. Under such conditions, salicylic acid degrades completely.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2011

In this study, 26 normal subjects were studied to compare the biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limbs on Speed of Nordic Walking. The biomechanical variables were determined by performing three-dimensional gait analysis, and the measurements items were spatial and temporal parameters; vertical ground reaction force; and moments of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The purpose of this study based on the speed of Nordic Walking to the vertical ground reaction force and joint moments of each were analyzed. Nordic Walking with poles while being whether this weight is reduced to load, not the improvement of muscle activity by identify Nordic walking is to allow efficient. The results of the analysis were follows. The spatial parameters of step length, stride length significantly increased with increase in velocity(p<0.001). The temporal parameters of step time, stride time, the duration of double support use, and the duration of single support use also significantly decreased with increase in velocity(p<0.001), but cadence significantly increased(p<0.01). Analysis of the changes in ground reaction force revealed that vertical ground reaction force significantly increased at the initial contact and the terminal stance and decreased at the mid stance with increase in velocity(p<0.001). Moments of the hip and knee joints significantly in creased with increase in velocity whereas that of the ankle joint did not. Gait analysis revealed that weight-bearing decreased and moments of the hip and knee joints increased with increase in velocity(p<0.01). The results of this study may help people perform Nordic walking efficiently and Nordic walking can be used in the gait training of people with an abnormal gait.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2009

This study examined the differences in spatio-temporal parameters, joint angle, ground reaction force (GRF), and joint power according to the changes of gait speed for trans-tibial amputees to investigate the features of the energy-storing foot for sports. The subjects walked at normal speed and at fast speed, wearing a single-axis type foot (Korec) and an energy-storing foot for sports (Renegade) respectively. The results showed that Renegade yielded faster gait speed as well as more symmetric gait pattern, compared to Korec. However, as gait speed was increased, there was no significant difference in kinematics, ground reaction force, and joint power between two artificial foots. This was similar to the results from previous studies regarding the energy-storing foot, where the walking velocity and gait symmetry have been improved. Nevertheless, the result of this study differed from the previous ones which reported that joint angle, joint power, and GRF increased as the gait speed increased except spatio-temporal parameters.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2016

Spatial and temporal changes in nitrification activities and distribution of microbial population of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) in paddy soils were investigated. Soil samples were collected in March and October 2015 from rice paddy with and without the presence of confined animal feeding operations. Incubation experiments and quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that AOA's contribution to nitrification kinetics was much higher in locations where organic nitrogen in animal waste is expected to significantly contribute to overall nitrogen budget, and temporal variations in nitrification kinetics were much smaller for AOA than AOB. These differences were interpreted to indicate that different microbial responses of two microbial populations to the types and concentrations of nitrogen substrates were the main determining factors of nitrification processes in the paddy soils. The copy numbers of ammonium monooxygenase gene showed that AOA colonized the paddy soils in higher numbers than AOB with stable distribution while AOB showed variation especially in March. Although small in numbers, AOB population turned out to exert more influence on nitrification potential than AOA, which was attributed to higher fluctuation in AOB cell numbers and nitrification reaction rate per cells.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of auditory cues in the form of a metronome on gait initiation (GI) in Parkinson's disease (PD). 2 patients (mean age: 54 yrs) with idiopathic PD participated in the study. All patients (Hoehn and Yahr disability score of 2.0) were tested in the "on" state approximately 1.5 hours following the administration and fully responding to their PD medications. Subjects first initiated walking at self-initiated speeds to determine their cadences. Then, subjects were asked to initiate gait along the walkway while keeping pace with a metronome. The metronome rate (in beats/min) was set at a cadence 85% (slow condition), 100% (normal condition) and 115% (fast condition) of gait for each subject. Subjects were able to increase the speed of GI with faster cadence, but the speed of GI for the slow condition was similar to that of the normal condition. Swing toe-off was 578.3 ms for the fast condition, 709.4 ms for the normal condition and 736.2 ms for the slow condition. Respective times for swing heel-strike were 894.3 ms, 1110.2 ms and 1119.1 ms, and stance toe-off were 1105.4 ms, 1338.5 ms, and 1343.1 ms. Except for stance unloading ground reaction forces were greatest for the fast condition and smallest for the slow condition. It appears that PD patients were able to modulate GRFs and temporal events in response to auditory cues to achieve the peak acceleration force of the swing and stance limb. The findings from this study provided preliminary data, which could be used to investigate how PD patients modulate GRFs and temporal events during GI in response to tasks.