• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.431-437
• /
• 2007

The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of abalone in reducing blood pressure and increasing anti-coagulant capacity. The serum angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) activities of rats on an abalone-supplemented diet did not significantly differ from the ACE levels of rats on a normal diet, at any time (before the experiment, or 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks, after commencement of the abalone diet) during the experiment. This result showed that abalone-supplemented diets had no effect on the activity of ACE, which controls blood pressure. To determine if an abalone-containing diet might increase anti-coagulant capacity, both prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) levels were measured. The PT levels of control rats remained constant throughout the experiment. In rats fed the abalone-containing diet, PT levels increased with time, and the increase became statistically significant after 2 weeks, when compared to pre-trial PT levels. Control rats showed no significant change in APTT levels over time. The rats fed abalone, however, showed significant differences in APTT levels. Specifically, when pre-trial APTT levels were compared with 4-week levels, and when 1-week levels were compared with 4-week levels, the differences attained statistical significance. These results indicate that an abalone-supplemented diet may inhibit blood coagulation in normal rats. The results of this study prove the inherent health value of abalone, and may encourage investment in the seafood industry. Future studies will explore other possible beneficial effects of abalone, apart from the anti-hypertension and anti-coagulant effects examined above.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.353-363
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study aims to assess clinical practice satisfaction among dental technology students and to identify the factors that may influence their career decision levels. In doing so, the present study provides preliminary data as to ways to improve clinical practice satisfaction levels and career decision levels that would be optimal for one's competence. Methods: he survey was conducted on dental technology students. The collected data was analyzed by the statistical program SPSS 21.0. The results were analyzed by reliability, frequency, multiple-way ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression. To test for significance on each item, p<0.05 has been decided as a standard. Results: Analysis results indicate that the factors influencing clinical practice satisfaction of dental technology students include school year, satisfaction of major, area of clinical practice, and assigned department for clinical practice, while the factors that influence career decision levels include satisfaction of major and clinical practice satisfaction. Conclusion: Results of present study suggest that in order to improve clinical practice satisfaction among dental technology students and thereby career decision levels, one needs to focus on satisfaction of major and quality of clinical practice. Such efforts will enable a more active and effective approach toward clinical practice for the dental technology students, and with appropriate understanding and assessment of the experience, they will be better equipped to make a career decision where they can live up to their competence.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.198-215
• /
• 2004

Technology competitiveness evaluates environmental and engineered technology and process at both the scientific and market levels. There are increasing concerns to measure the effects of the technology variables on the potential market feasibility levels. However, there are very little empirical analysis studies on that issue. This study investigates the impacts of technology variables on the levels of market feasibility based on 230 data obtained from Korea Technology Transfer Center. As various statistical analysis, the canonical discriminant model, logit discriminant model and classification model were used and their results were compared. This study results showed that major technology variables had very significant relations to discriminate high and low categories of market feasibility. Finally, this study will help building management strategies to level up the potential market performance and also help financial Institutions to decide funds needed for small-sized technology firms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.797-805
• /
• 2014

The effect of concentrate mixtures with crude protein (CP) levels 10%, 13%, 16%, and 19% and diets with roughage to concentrate ratios 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80 (w/w) were determined on dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility, and fermentation metabolites using an in vitro fermentation technique. In vitro fermented attributes were measured after 4, 24, and 48 h of incubation respectively. The digestibility of DM and OM, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) increased whereas pH decreased with the increased amount of concentrate in the diet (p<0.001), however CP levels of concentrate did not have any influence on these attributes. Gas production reduced with increased CP levels, while it increased with increasing concentrate levels. Ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3$-N) concentration and microbial CP production increased significantly (p<0.05) by increasing CP levels and with increasing concentrate levels in diet as well, however, no significant difference was found between 16% and 19% CP levels. Therefore, 16% CP in concentrate and increasing proportion of concentrate up to 80% in diet all had improved digestibility of DM and organic matter, and higher microbial protein production, with improved fermentation characteristics.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 2011

Urinary steroid levels were investigated in the treatment of CKD-501, a new anti-diabetic drug candidate. CKD-501 was administered orally at the dosage of 1, 2, 4 mg/day for 7 days to normal men (n=18). Urine was collected before, during and after stopping the drug administration and the urinary level of androgen, estrogen, progestin and corticoids were quantified using GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Only urinary corticosteroid and an androgen, DHEA levels among all the analyzed steroids, have been found to increase progressively, reaching significant levels on the last day of drug treatment and later declined after the drug treatment is withdrawn. Therefore, it was thought that an increase in the urinary corticoid and DHEA levels could be a characteristic of CKD-501, since it prominently acts on the glucose sensitivity and suppresses the triglyceride levels. In conclusion, it was found that CKD-501, an anti-diabetic drug candidate, affects the glucocorticoid and DHEA levels and it plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.41 no.10
• /
• pp.909-916
• /
• 2018

In pancreatic ${\beta}$ cells, glucose stimulates the biosynthesis of insulin at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The RNA-binding protein, polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), also named hnRNP I, acts as a critical mediator of insulin biosynthesis through binding to the pyrimidine-rich region in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of insulin mRNA. However, the underlying mechanism that regulates its expression in ${\beta}$ cells is unclear. Here, we report that glucose induces the expression of PTBP1 via the insulin receptor (IR) signaling pathway in ${\beta}$ cells. PTBP1 is present in ${\beta}$ cells of both mouse and monkey, where its levels are increased by glucose and insulin, but not by insulin-like growth factor 1. PTBP1 levels in immortalized ${\beta}$ cells established from wild-type (${\beta}IRWT$) mice are higher than levels in ${\beta}$ cells established from IR-null (${\beta}IRKO$) mice, and ectopic re-expression of IR-WT in ${\beta}IRKO$ cells restored PTBP1 levels. However, PTBP1 levels were not altered in ${\beta}IRKO$ cells transfected with IR-3YA, in which the Tyr1158/1162/1163 residues are substituted with Ala. Consistently, treatment with glucose or insulin elevated PTBP1 levels in ${\beta}IRWT$ cells, but not in ${\beta}IRKO$ cells. In addition, silencing Akt significantly lowered PTBP1 levels. Thus, our results identify insulin as a pivotal mediator of glucose-induced PTBP1 expression in pancreatic ${\beta}$ cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.8
• /
• pp.1145-1152
• /
• 2012

This experiment was conducted with male chicks to investigate the influence of hormones and nutrients on the development of fatty liver syndrome (FLS) as well as the effects of dietary lipotropic factors on hepatic fat accumulation and lipogenic enzyme gene expression. A total of two-hundred sixteen 4-wk-old Hy-Line male chicks were divided into six groups and fed an experimental diet (T1, low-energy diet with low levels of lipotropic factors; T2, high-energy diet with low levels of lipotropic factors; T3 and T5, low-energy diet with high levels of lipotropic factors; T4 and T6, high-energy diet with high levels of lipotropic factors) for six weeks. The chicks in T5 and T6 groups were treated with intramuscular injections of estradiol benzoate for three days prior to biopsy and clinical analysis of FLS. Chicks treated with estrogen had significantly greater liver weights than untreated chicks. The abdominal fat contents were increased in chicks consuming high-energy diets as compared to those consuming low-energy diets. Treatment with estrogen significantly increased the concentrations of serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipid (p<0.05). The hepatic triacylglycerol levels were tenfold higher in the estrogen treated chicks than in the untreated chicks. There were no significant differences in malondialdehyde levels between the treatment groups. Estrogen treatment dramatically increased the levels of fatty acid synthetase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and ApoB mRNA. The results indicated that treatment with exogenous estrogen in growing male chicks induced hepatic fat accumulation, which might be partially due to increased lipogenic enzyme gene expression.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This provides basic data for improving educational effectiveness by selecting and applying basic vocational competency applicable to dental technology's sub-major curricula by determining and researching dental technicians' awareness levels concerning the basic vocational competency's importance. Methods: 170 dental technicians working in Daegu, Korea were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire between 9 January 2018 and 23 February 2018. Results: 1. The highest level of the basic vocational competency elements by the awareness levels of importance in dental technology laboratories was shown in the occupational ethics, followed by technological skills, interpersonal skills, self-development levels, problem-solving skills, information skills, resource management skills and skills for understanding groups, communication skills, and mathematical skills. 2. Female dental technicians put relatively higher importance on writing documents and managing time, while males stressing on basic statistics. 3. Dental laboratory CEOs and managers put high values on resource management skills, while head technicians valuing information skills more. 4. The awareness levels concerning the basic vocational competency importance in some dental technology fields did not match those of the dental technology laboratories in the fields of porcelain, crown and bridge, and orthodontics. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that the awareness levels concerning basic vocational competency's importance in some fields of dental technology differ from those of dental technology laboratories. Developing a basic vocational competency curriculum, it seems necessary to find ways to increase educational effectiveness by selecting and applying the basic vocational competency for the respective fields of dental technology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.371-377
• /
• 1997

Objective of the present study were to investigate effects of different levels of concentrate in complete rations on nutrient digestibilities and ruminal fermentation in sheep and growth performance in Korean native bulls. Increasing levels of concentrate (35, 50, 65, and 80% of complete rations) improved digestibilities of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) without affecting digestibility of neutral detergent (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Increasing levels of concentrate decreased ruminal fluid pH but increased concentrations of $NH_3-N$, propionic acid, and total volatile fatty acids (VFA). Both the disappearance rates of DM and nitrogen (N) in an in sacco study were linearly increased as the levels of concentrate in complete rations increased. Meanwhile, increasing levels of concentrate in complete rations improved growth rate and feed conversion ratio in Korean native bulls. In conclusion, the complete rations containing 80% concentrate showed better digestibility and energy supply than those of the lower levels (35, 50 and 65%) of concentrate of the rations, resulting in improved growth performance of Korean native bulls.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.1181-1192
• /
• 2021

Objective: The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of dietary hatchery by-products (HBPs) as a replacement of fish meal (FM) on growth performance, relative organ weight, plasma measurements, immune organ index, meat quality, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 720 broiler chickens (3 d of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 9 treatments with 8 replicates. Each replicate consisted of 5 male and 5 female birds. The basal diet was formulated to contain 5.0% commercial FM, whereas eight treatment diets were prepared by replacing 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of FM in the basal diet with infertile eggs (IFE) or a mixture of various HBPs (MIX); therefore, the inclusion levels of IFE or MIX in the experimental diets were 1.25%, 2.50%, 3.75%, or 5.00%. The diets and water were provided on an ad libitum basis for 32 d. Results: Increasing inclusion levels of IFE as a replacement of FM in diets had no effects on growth performance, plasma measurements, immune organ index, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. Increasing inclusion levels of IFE in diets increased (linear, p<0.05) meat lightness (L^*) but decreased (linear, p<0.05) meat redness (a^*). The breast meat pH at 1-h postmortem was increased (linear, p<0.05) by increasing inclusion levels of IFE in diets. Likewise, increasing inclusion levels of MIX in diets had no effects on growth performance, relative organ weight, plasma measurements, immune organ index, and tibia characteristics. However, increasing inclusion levels of MIX in diets increased (linear, p<0.05) 1-h postmortem pH but decreased (linear, p<0.05) 24-h postmortem pH of breast meat. Increasing inclusion levels of MIX in diets decreased (linear, p<0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of breast meat. Conclusion: Both IFE and MIX are suitable alternatives to FM as protein ingredients in broiler diets.