• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.145-153
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• 2017

Objectives: This paper aimed to contribute to better oral disease prevention and practice of health behavior for immigrant women in multi-cultural families, to define missing and filled permanent teeth index of immigrant women, data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used. Methods: For the immigrant women to be subjects, they needed to be born overseas, had acquired Korean citizenship as a married immigrant women, and the estimate of the number of subjects was 133,093 women. For analyzing data, SPSS 21statistical program was used. We used covariance analysis (ANCOVA) andgeneral linear models for finding the relation with the missing and filled permanent teeth index. The significance level was 0.05. Results: DMFT-index of immigrant women was 7.33 points. $R^2$ was 0.416; and increased with age, and $R^2$ was 0.126 points higher (p<0.01). In household income, 'lower' was 5.933 points lower than 'upper' (p<0.05), and in toothbrushing after lunch, 'yes' was 3.598 points lower than 'no' (p<0.01). In preventive treatment, 'yes' was 4.301 points lower than 'no' (p<0.05). Conclusions: The result of this paper is as follows: for maintaining oral health of immigrant women, we think that the government needs to develop an oral health policy and a customized education system suited to immigrant women for preventive management of dental disease in immigrant women. In addition, basic data will be provided for public dental health programs based on the result of the study.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.155-178
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• 2009

The ODR can be categorized into four distinctive types. First type is the asynchronous non-demeanour method. Second type is the asynchronous demeanour method. Third type is the synchronous demeanour method. Fourth type is the synchronous demeanour method. A typical example of the asynchronous and non-demeanour method is e-mail. The example of the synchronous and non-demeanour method is tele conference. The example of the asynchronous demeanour method is video recordings. The example of synchronous and demeanour method is video conference. The primary benefit of e-mail is to avoid the physical violence. But the costs of email is the lack of emotional aspects of disputants. The benefits of tele conference is ease of use, and reduces the negative aspects of face to face communication. but the costs are limitation of the exchange of written information. The benefits of video conference is the approximation of face to face communication by providing oral as well as visual communication. but it is insufficient to represent eye contact. The common limitations of ODR are as follows. First is the lack of human face. Second is the neutrality of arbitrators and mediators. Third is the authenticity of electronic document. Fourth is the digital divide across South and North and generations. Fifth is the cross-cultural communication. The development strategy of ODR is the training and education of arbitrators and mediators in the area of writing skill. Furthermore, it is necessary to supplement the weakness of email via diverse kinds of expressions to show emotions. Finally, it is necessary to train neutrals in the area of cross-cultural communication.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2017

Large satellite development programs might take decades to build, launch and operate in space environments at costs in excess of a billion dollars. However, small satellites can reduce the costs not only by using commercial software and sensors, but also by shortening the development period to two years or less. In this paper, we discuss the development status of small satellites, and propose some military applications of small satellites. First, we describe the industrial trends of small satellites in advanced countries such as the United States and Japan. Also, we describe the development status of small satellites in Korea. Military applications are largely classified into education, research, and operational purposes. Small satellites are developing rapidly in commercial markets and they will play an important role in military sector. Therefore, the military should consider small satellites as important strategic assets in future conflicts and provide means to develop them.

• Archives of design research
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• v.9
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• pp.301-320
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• 1994

Filmff.V. is one of the most poweful media in the modern society. Its influnces on economics, culture, and social behavior are being extened more and more. By the growth of mutimedia market and existing film/T.V. market which are nurtured by the modern technology, filmff.V. culture became a giant influencial element. Filmff.V. culture in Korea did not settle down in right position, because of the uncontrolled implant and imitation of foreign film/T.V. culture under the short time of developing our own film/T.V. culture to support exploding technical aspects. A systematic filmff.V. education and financial investment are needed urgently to produce our own creative film/T.V. programs, and review on our filmff.V. culture and educational system are needed also to make a right understanding of filmff.V. media. In this proposal, I discuss the differences of educational system and curriculum between Korean filmff.V. educational institute and foreign countries'. Through this discussion, I sample a futuce oriented filmff.V. educational system and curriculum.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.181-194
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems associated with the domestic fashion sewing industry and suggest solutions for re-development. The research methods are a content analysis of literature, including articles and reports, and interviewing practitioners who are in charge of the fashion industry. The problems of the domestic fashion sewing industry are as follows. 1. Weakness in price competitiveness and a lack of work. 2. Aging of workers and difficulty securing new workers. 3. The age of the production facilities and the lack of manpower required for mass production. 4. Unrealistically low cost of labor due to over-competition considering the lack of work.5. The prevalence of illegal label grinding. The solutions to the problems listed above are as follows. 1. Establishment of a win-win effort between fashion brands and sewing companies. 2. Allow systematic education, support, and development of a meister system for fostering sewing manpower. 3. Undertake efforts to improve the sewing work environment. 4. Establishment of the system for realizing the actual cost of labor. 5. Establishment of a quota system to secure domestic sewing production. 6. Construction of Smart DB to connect work orders. 7. Construction of a smart factory using technology such as automated systems of production suitable for the 4th Industrial Age. 8. Enforcement of specialized strategies to encourage fashion sewing companies, not only Seoul but also in other urban areas.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2018

Seaweeds are composed of a variety of bioactive substances, including polysaccharides, pigments, minerals, peptides, and polyphenols. Among these substances, the arsenic content of seaweeds has been a significant cause for concern. The present study evaluated the toxicity of arsenic from three species of seaweed using a zebrafish Danio rerio model. The arsenic-rich extracts were obtained from Ecklonia cava (ECAE), Undaria pinnatifida (UPAE) and Hizikia fusiformis (HFAE) using a solvent of 50% methanol and 1% $HNO_3$. We investigated the toxicity of the arsenic-rich extracts in zebrafish embryos through survival rate, heart rate, yolk sac edema size, cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The hepatotoxicity of arsenic-rich extracts was assessed in the liver of adult zebrafish through real-time PCR and histopathology. The survival rates of embryos and adult zebrafish showed no significant changes at any concentration. At 100 ppm, embryos did not exhibit significant differences in heart rate, yolk sac edema size, cell death or ROS production. In addition, apoptosis-related genes in larvae and liver tissue were unaffected by treatment with arsenic-rich extracts. These data will help clarify that developmental changes, hepatic oxidative stress, and apoptosis are not associated with toxicity from arsenic-rich seaweed extracts in a zebrafish model.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.501-508
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• 2017

The purpose of present research is to offer a specialized educational opportunity for potential users, university students in radiology, by developing specific curriculum on site at KAERI, using HANARO research reactor and National radiation research facilities. The specific items of this research accomplished are: First, Development and operation of various curricula for specific research using HANARO and National radiation research facilities to provide university students with opportunities to use the facilities. Second, Operation of the experiment training programs for university students in radiology to foster next generation specialists. Third, through the on-site experiment training for students in radiology, support future potential experts of the radiation research fields, and broaden the base. A textbook and a teaching aid, a questionnaire have been developed to support the program. 714 university students have completed the courses for radiology experiment from 2006 to 2017. It is hoped that these experiments broaden public awareness and acceptance by the present and potential future utilization of the research reactor and national radiation research facilities, thereby bring positive impacts to policy making.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.337-362
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• 2013

The purposes of the study were to develop STEM instructional materials for teaching and learning mathematics and to investigate how the STEM based approach affects on students' learning of mathematics in cognitive and affective domain and career choice. STEM instructional materials were designed for learning of mathematical concepts in the contexts of science, technology, and engineering as well as real world. According to the results of the study, STEM instructional materials for teaching and learning mathematics were effective for improving students' problem solving ability and affective achievement such as self-regulation, self-efficacy, and value of mathematics. In addition, STEM program played a positive role in tempting students' career choice into science and engineering fields including mathematics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 1991

This study aims to study the present situation of our national surveying system, in fields such as professional surveyor system, the surveying industry, the consultancy pricing system. The problems are identified to present an improvement plan for the system. The professional surveyor system was compared to other systems in the Asia Zone and the surveying industry related laws and regulations, were compared with those of foreign countries as well as with the regulations of the architectural industry. The improvements suggested include upgrading of surveying technology and of surveying personnel, increase investment into education and research and development. The government should support in policy upgrading such as providing aids to small scale companies and in distributing the concentrated activities in the capital city to other regional areas. Also the pricing for the surveying activities and consulting activities should he adjusted in fields such as price items, grades of surveyors and overhead costs.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.49-59
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• 2012

This study is aimed to increase the fire-fighting manpower utilization and the increasing of its services in aging society. Due to continuous improvement of living standards and development of medical technology, the elderly population rate is being increased and it brings rapid progresses of aging society. Therefore, as a fire-fighting organization which is responsible for safety from various disasters, they should grasp comprehensively and systematically exact status of weak person from disaster in perspective of it with conjunction of all concerned department and at the same time proceed to speedy move as well as determine the appropriate emergency measures. In order to do this, safe life education for elderly people and the comprehensive measures of home security should be taken by transforming the policy from particular object-oriented policy to demand-driven policy. And through the expansion of one one nine services such as using grandeur of powerful IT nation out of old-fashioned promotion way, they should provide fire-fighting service for convenient and comfortable life of elderly people after retirement. A consideration of the elderly people is the best way to penetrate a advancement fire-fighting in aging society.