• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.389-405
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze elementary school teachers' understanding, certainty, and familiarity with 13 key concepts of wave physics that are presented in textbook and teacher's guidebook. 123 elementary school teachers answered concept tests and questionnaires. In the results to these tests and questionnaires, teachers demonstrated a high level of understanding and high certainty in understanding with regard to the concepts of sound generation, effect of medium on wave, timbre, wavelength, and trough and crest of wave. For the topics of sound velocity, wave reflection and wave transmission, teachers demonstrated a high level of understanding but low certainty in understanding. With regard to sound propagation, teachers demonstrated a low level of understanding and an improperly high certainty in that low understanding. Teachers lacked knowledge, i.e., displayed a low level of understanding and low certainty in sound strength, sound frequency, constructive interference and destructive interference. In constructive and destructive interference, the teachers also displayed a low level of familiarity. We analyzed the differences in teacher's understanding, certainty, and familiarity according to teacher demographics defined by the teacher's gender, teaching experience with concepts of sound, career, curriculum track while in high school, and major in university. There were no significant differences in understanding, certainty, or familiarity as defined by gender, teaching experience, and career. However, these displays of knowledge were affected by the teacher's curriculum track in high school and their major. These results suggest that the teacher's understanding of, familiarity with, and certainty in wave physics concepts are more influenced by their learning experience than by their teaching experience. Therefore, we suggest additional learning opportunities for teachers (such as teacher training programs) in order to improve teacher knowledge and correct teacher misconceptions in wave physics.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.23-39
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• 2009

This study examined influences of teacher's transformational leadership, and their trust and empathic understanding on children's learning motivation. Participants were 513 $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ graders from Seoul, Buchon and Inchon. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results showed that (1) Teacher's transformational leadership, trust and empathic understanding were positively related to children's learning motivation. (2) Teacher's transformational leadership was the strongest predictor for children's learning motivation. (3) Teacher's transformational leadership had a direct influence on children's learning motivation empathic understanding mediated between teacher's transformational leadership and children's learning motivation.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.173-187
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• 2002

The purpose of this study through ethnographic inquiry is to describe how an elementary teacher teaches mathematics with understanding. The ways that teachers'beliefs affect instructional activities, what means understanding from the view of cognitive psychology, and ethnographic research tradition were reviewed to anchor theoretical background of this study. A third-grade teacher and his 45 students were selected in order to capture vivid and thick descriptions of the teaching and learning activities of mathematics. Three major sources of data, that is, participant-observation with video taping, formal and informal interviews with the teacher and his students, and a variety of official documents were collected. These data were analyzed through two phases: data analysis in the field and after the fieldwork. According to data analysis, ‘teaching mathematics with understanding’ was identified as the teachers central belief of teaching mathematics. In order to implement his belief in teaching practices, the teacher made use of three strategies: ⑴ valuing individual student's own way of understanding, ⑵ bring students' everyday experiences into mathematics classroom, and ⑶ lesson objectivies stated by students. It is suggested for future research that concrete and specific norms of mathematics classroom for the improvement of mathematics understanding are needed to be identified and that experienced and skillful teachers' practical knowledge should be incorporated with theories of teaching mathematics and necessarily paid more attention by mathematics educators.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-101
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to find out how to be pursued elementary teachers' science instruction according to their understanding toward science. Sixty elementary teachers were involved in the questionnaire, investigating understanding on the nature of science and the science teaching. Two elementary teachers' science classes are observed. Their instructional objectives were analyzed. And their understanding toward science was measured. Teacher A had consistent modern philosophical views of science on the nature of science and science teaching, and teacher B had not consistency Klopfer's science educational objectives category was used to analyse instructional objective. The ideal proportions of the instructional objectives of the observed classes were established from science education specialist group. You ideality index was calculated. You ideality index indicate how far from the ideal proportions of the instructional objectives the observed instruction is. Relative proportions of instructional objectives appeared in science classes were compared with ideal instructional objectives. Instructional objectives containing the modem views appearing classes observed were compared according to teachers' understanding toward science. As results, teachers' understanding toward science showed lack of consistency, which is consisted of modern philosophical view of science on science teaching: modem and classical philosophical view of science on nature of science. Teacher A's instruction was approached more closely to the ideal proportions of the instructional objectives, showing fewer You ideality index. Instructional objectives containing the modern views are more appeared and closer to ideal proportions in teacher A's classes than in teacher B's. A teacher having modern understanding on nature of science would instruct science with modern scientific philosophical perspectives. Therefore teacher preparation programs should include more contents about modern philosophical understanding on the nature of science.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2013

The aim of this research is clarify the relationship between concept understanding degree about the environment and environmental sensitivity and heighten understanding of environmental education target to pre-service elementary teacher. The subjects of this study are science education intensive course 65 students of B educational university. Concept understanding degree about the environment was separately investigated by 'the definition of environmental education', 'Write The positive concept of the natural environment education and briefly describe.''The negative concept of the natural environment education and briefly describe'. Next clarify the relationship between concept understanding degree about the environment and environmental sensitivity target to pre-service elementary teacher. Based on these results, propose an alternative to cultivate pre-service elementary teacher's knowledge about environmental education. Degree of understanding of the concept environmental education research results are as follows. First, Cognition degree about definition of environmental education of pre-service elementary teacher is correctly recognized generally. Second, They do not think deeply about natural environment when it comes to the positive concept of the natural environment of pre-service elementary teacher. Third, They have only a little interest in natural environment when it comes to the negative concept of the natural environment of pre-service elementary teacher. Correlation research results of degree of understanding of the concept of environmental and environmental sensitivity are as follows. High understanding degree of environmental education is high environmental sensitivity. Heighten environmental sensitivity of pre-service elementary teacher will be sustainable environmental education so education is necessary for environmental Sensitivity training.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.175-188
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• 2022

Measurement has been an important part of mathematics content students must learn through their schooling. Many studies suggest students' weak measurement learning, particularly related to length measurement, on the part of lower grade students. This difficulty has been attributed to mathematics curriculum as well as instruction. Building on a view of teaching as an interactive activity, this paper explores how a first grade teacher interacted with her students in small groups in a length measurement lesson to promote conceptual understanding as well as procedural fluency. I found that even though the teacher supported students to explain and justify what they understood, the ways the teacher interacted with students were not effective to promote students' understanding. Even though this finding is based on an analysis of a single mathematics lesson, it provides an example of challenges in promoting students' understanding through interaction with students in the context of teaching length measurement.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2002

This study described an elementary teacher's practical knowledge of selecting and using mathematical tasks for promoting students' understanding and discourse. The informant of this ethnographic inquiry was a third grade teacher and has 10 years of teaching experience. According to the analysis of multiple data sources, this study showed that based on his beliefs about the development of understanding of mathematics and discourse, he continually employed two different types of tasks: open-ended tasks and tasks from students' mistakes and comments during discourse. Teachers' practical knowledge of teaching mathematics and the classroom norms for students' understanding and discourse are suggested to be given attention for further research on this area.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2011

In this paper, we studied into a qualitative research to see mathematical understanding of preschool and kindergarten's teachers such as feeling attitude, parents' concern, difficulty of math teaching in kindergarten field, teacher's role, type of feed back, beauty of math, relationship of real life, and self philosophy of math education. We selected 10 teachers whose career was 7~10 years. Because this research way is qualitative, we can new aspect that teacher want to break their ignorance for math. Moreover, they would like to learn about math practicality, application, and beauty from art in professional training. Therefore we assert that fusion math lecture would support in the professional training for teacher, preschool or kindergarten's president training, and remuneration training.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.154-163
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• 1996

In Korea, previous survey in science education mainly dealt with Quantitative variables. Qualitative ethnographic observation can bring deeper understanding of the context of school lesson and it's feature. The purpose of this study was to develop qualitative understanding about the learning experiences provided in middle school and students' responses to them through observation and interview and to investigate it from a constructivist perspective. Six lessons of the 9th grade were observed and recorded on the video tape. The topics of the lessons were potential energy, kinetic energy and conservation of mechanical energy. We had also unstructured interview with the teacher and three groups of students. The teacher's deductive explanation starting from scientific definition and quantitative problem solving using formula were the main features of the classroom lectures. The video - watching lesson was taking the role of a break rather than being seen as a useful tool for science learning and teaching by both students and the teacher. The teacher's perception about the lab experiment was not supported by the responses from the students. The teacher and students preferred problem-book to textbook for their teaching and learning. From a constructivist's perspective, however the teacher seemed to have intention of introducing daily life context, he couldn't unfold it to main context of the lessons. Students were so accustomed to passive learning that they did not express directly their complaint about their learning and did not participate in planing and controling their learning. The teacher and the students believed the scientific knowledge came from an exact experiment. There was a cooperation to seek right answer rather than a social process of making sense of knowledge. In conclusion, the observed science lessons of a middle school showed typical cross section of teacher - centered, passive learning environment, which is far from constructivist perspective.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 문장제 이해 과정에서 교사와 학생 간의 상호 작용 양상에 따른 교사의 담론 구조를 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 학생들의 참여를 촉진하는 교수법을 다년간 실행해 온 경력교사의 한 학기 수업 중에서 문제 해결 과정을 대표할 수 있는 수업 4차시를 추출하였다. 4차시 수업에서 교사와 학생 간에 중요하게 생각하는 부분에 대한 일치 여부에 따라 교사 담론의 구조는 어떠한 특징이 있는지를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 교사와 학생 간의 상호 작용 양상에 따라 문장제에서 중요하게 생각하는 부분을 협의하고 수학적인 의미를 만들어 가는 교사 담론의 구조는 학생들의 수업 참여를 촉진함으로써 문장제 이해에 도움을 주는 것으로 볼 수 있었다. 교사와 학생 간의 상호 작용 양상에 따라 학생들의 문제 이해를 위한 교사 담론의 구조를 바탕으로 향후 교사들이 문제 이해를 위해 학생들과 어떻게 소통해야 하는지에 대한 구체적인 방법론을 제공하였다고 볼 수 있다.