• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.583-590
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• 2007

The significance of Han medicine (韓醫學), the Korean traditional medicine, that has lasted throughout the past couple millenniums relies upon Han Philosophy distinguished by its uniqueness. In brief, the specificity of Han medicine is characterized by unity of spirit and body, part and whole. According to this theory, when curing a frozen shoulder, it is usually cured by acupuncturing the area around the part that aches, but also doing so on the area that is totally different from the aching part such as the opposite part of the body. In fact, this can be pursued only through aspects that enable one to realize the unity of part and whole, and a ground for this possibility bases upon the crux of Eastern Philosophy, I-ching(역), such as theory of Five Elements (음양오행) and Three Pillars(삼재). In Western set theory, the issues of Class(부류) and elements(요원), whole and part were independently discussed in the area of mereology, and the question of part and whole was encountered with aporia and paradox since Greek ancient philosophy. At the turn of this century, many philosophers endeavored to pursue academic inquiry to resolve this paradox, especially by Russell and Whitehead through ${\ll}$Principia Mathematica${\gg}$ at the beginning of this century. in the process, there came out a phrase 'Russell's Paradox'. Russell himself proposed a typological resolution as an answer to the inquiry. However, 'Russell's Paradox' still remains as an aporia even till present days. During medieval period, this inquiry was even considered as 'insolubia'. Throughout this paper, 1 attempt to provide an analytic aspect on 'Russell's Paradox' from an unique thinking method and perspective of Han medicine that embodies the concept of 'unity of part and whole'. To do so, 1 suggest a physiological model in the first place depicted by diagrams of Circle 원, Quadrangle 방, Triangle 각(CQT) that portray the logic of Hado or Hotu 하도 which is 'the pattern from the river Ho'. That is to suggest that CQT원방각 of Hado can De a logical foundation that explains the notions of spirit (정신,뇌), internal organs(장부), and meridian system which functions as a solution to the question of 'Russell's Paradox'. There are precedent academic works examining the issue from philosophical aspect such as Sangil Kim's ${\ulcorner}$Han medicine과 러셀역설 해의${\lrcorner}$ Han Medicine and Resolution of Russell's Paradox(2005), and this analysis will further attempt to critically examine such works from a perspective of Han medicine.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.36
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• pp.301-332
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• 2009

The 16 century Yulgok had lived have been evaluated as the golden age of Seonglihak(性理學) in Korea. However, on the contrary, excessively desperate was the real social and political situation which Yulgok had descirbed. Therefore, eventhhough the Seonglihak centered-reseach is meaningful, this research had the limitation in analyzing the politics in those times. In studying Yulgok's thought, the established researches had focused on philosophic theory centered-orientation. However escaping from that orientation, in this essay I try to restructure Yulgok's enlivened political experience that he had worldly seen, felt, heard and performed in 16th's real politics. While the established researches had absorbed in Kyeonghak(經學, the interpretaion of Confucian Cannon), I try to restore Kyeongse(經世, governing and managing the state) based on Yulgok's worldly political experience. The major concept on which I have focused is Pye(弊, the abnoxious custiom in political and official sphere). Yulgok's offical life had begun with the problematic of how to overcome Pye inherited by Kwongan(權奸, a politically villainous retainer). In the process, he had focused on the worldly performable issue, Minsaeng(民生, the livelihood of the people), not on the abstract and theoritical concept, Min(民, the people). He recognized the cause of desperate situation had resulted from Pyebeob(弊法, the obnoxious law, its system and its execution), and tried to reform Pyebeob in the various way. The next concern of Yulgok came to Pyejeong(弊政, the obnoxious politics, its system and its execution), which interrupted not to reform Pyebeob. According to Yulgok, Pyejeong resulted from the wrong fulfilment of official-scholar elite in government, and the distorted public opinion in governemt. This fact demonstrates two elements mentioned above had common root of the absence of communication of public opinion. Yulgok recognized the importance of Ui(議, the discussion) than of Ron(論, the dabate) and then reviving Ui, Yulgok had tried to arrange the foundation for the communication of public opinion in political sphere.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.29
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• pp.113-131
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• 2012

In our days, we live in the world of image and imagination. Now we think that the images and imaginations are no more selective but indispensable elements in our life. The status of imagination is dramatically changed since 20 century. Many philosophers like G. Bachelard, G. Durand, Paul Ricoeur, H. Corbin, G. Deleuze made great contributions and we think that the studies of imagination began since 20 century. But the change of the status of imagination was not made in one day. In the long history of human life, the imagination kept his own value, and never stopped to give his influence to the human mentalities. The concept of imagination was born from the Plato's notion of phantasia. Plato thinks that the phantasia is a kind of drawing capacity in mind in the process of recognition. But the image which phantasia makes is not real one but pseudo one. So it is necessary to banish those false images from our recognition. Aristotle thought phantasia as an afterimage of object of sense. The sense is always true, but the phantasia is very possible to be an error. After Plato and Aristotle, the notion of phantasia developed into that of imagination, but it was always a problem full of contradictions. According to G. Durand, we can say, in some sense, the history of western philosophy is a kind of struggle against the image and imagination. In Middle Age, the iconoclasm tried to exclude image from their religion. Thomas Aquinas tried to explain the image by the rationalistic christianisme. In 16-17C Galilei and Descartes solidified the exclusion of imagination from the philosophy in the name of science and reason. The empiricism and positivism was the final and the most conclusive philosophies which exclude the imagination definitively from the field of philosophy. But the imagination continued his influence in the field of art. In the age of Renaissance, the imagination found his way of liberal expression, and this trend was inherited to Baroque. From the middle of 17c many philosophical theories supported the imagination by many philosophers like J.-B. Dubos, Baumgarten, A. Becq, J.-J. Rousseau etc. The Romanticism was the first significant wave which made the imagination come forward in front the art. The romanticism broke the narrow frame of rationalism and expand human's view of the world to the cosmos. From the romanticism, the imagination became a faculty which expresses the unity of human and nature. That was impossible by the rational thinking of rationalism. The concept of new imagination made a new future of human, 'the imagining conscious' and this imagining conscious provided a solid base of next generation's symbolism and surrealism.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.91-111
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• 2017

Purposes of this study, summoning thoughts and activities of Toynbee Hall of the UK and Hull House of the US held in between the end of 19C and the early 20C, are two folded: first, it is to examine the momentum and aims for which 'social' work was progressively established at that time; second, it is to look for implications for today's social work practice through understanding their characteristic activities and the context in which 'social' work was devised as an alternative in the two nations. The study method mainly relies on literature review, but further goes on to analyze the spirit of the age when settlement house was constructed as a welfare space and activities, leadership demonstrated in there, and to draw meanings for today, in terms of three dimensions: aim and location, professionality and education, and social action. Some of useful findings are: first, the COS and settlement house need to be considered in a continuum of socially responsive remedies against poverty and social work practice was developed in the process of 'suggestion-performance-critique-alternative suggestion-emergence of social work', rather than contrasting the two as opposite roots of social work practice. Second, settlement house was a socially constructed welfare space that contained intersectional dynamics of class, gender, personal vs. social, private vs. public, surrounding poverty issue. Third, besides differences between the two settlements, both purported for public goods and well-being and tried to realize the 'social' in that society. Lastly, this study explored historical meanings of settlement house as the welfare space with critical questions and discussed implications for social work practice today.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.189-202
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• 2021

The teacher's questions presented in the problem-solving situation stimulate students' mathematical thinking and lead them to find a solution to the given problem situation. In this research, the types and functions of questions presented in chapters of Pattern area of the 2015 revised elementary school mathematics textbooks were compared and analyzed by grade cluster. Through this, it was attempted to obtain implications for teaching and learning in identifying the characteristics of questions and effectively using the questions when teaching Pattern area. As a result of this research, as grade clsuter increased, the number of questions per lesson presented in Pattern area increased. Frequency of the types of questions in textbooks was found to be high in the order of reasoning questions, factual questions, and open questions in common by grade cluster. In chapters of Pattern area, relatively many questions were presented that serve as functions to help guess, invent, and solve problems or to help mathematical reasoning in the process of finding rules. It can be inferred that these types of questions and their functions are related to the learning content by grade cluster and characteristics of grade cluster. Therefore, the results of this research can contribute to providing a reference material for devising questions when teaching Pattern area and further to the development of teaching and learning in Pattern area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.63-74
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the levels of learners' participation and interactions both quantitatively and qualitatively based on the learners' choices of topic patterns in a process of online debate of a general subject and to explore the effects in order to suggest the ways for activating online debates. For this, it quantitatively analyzed the messages and the patterns in the online debate boards and supplementally implemented a post survey in order to investigate the participants' recognition on the factors of the learners' interactions and the effects. The given topic patterns were 'the presentation of one's opinion' and 'the presentation of pros and cons.' As a result of the analysis, the participating degree was higher in the pattern of 'the presentation of one's opinion' apart from the previous study. This study surveyed and, based on the result, it proposed the teachers should refer to the participants' tendency in advance. Also, it presented the deeper meanings on the interactions extracted by the results of the survey. The learners showed the strong dependence on the teacher' lectures or his materials and a variety of interactions with diverse objects. Besides, it is revealed that debates are helpful factors for enhancing learners' argumentative thinking, writing skills, and the knowledge about the subject in terms of the participants' recognition. Based on the findings, this study emphasized the teachers' educational roles and suggested the educational effects of the online debates in each class should be activated in this era of distance education.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.475-489
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• 2019

This study seeks to explore the method of imagination through creative new thinking in cultural heritage education and the most effective model of education in education. Research methods were organized by the methods of reviewing literature, browsing the Internet, and comparative analysis of prior research. We hope to realize the need for differentiated Korean cultural heritage and make efforts to incorporate our identity in the design. Through this study, we hope to realize the need for differentiated Korean cultural heritage and make efforts to incorporate our identity in the design. In the process of visualizing information, the focus should be on identifying the structure, characteristics, and the correlation between pattern and trend analysis, and the heterogeneity analysis, and should be made with the characteristics considered. Texting, graphics, sound, animation, lighting, and Navigation are often used as the expressive elements of information visualization for educational models. To facilitate the understanding of learners, accurate information transmission visuals should be presented. To do so, the use of infographic can be the answer. It is necessary to develop appropriate multimedia visual data, such as the use of infographic to be applied, and to develop various infographic multimedia visuals. These work should not be merely a research dimension, but should be carried out with the aim of helping develop actual cultural heritage educational content.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.207-239
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• 2016

The Altai Humanities Belt connecting Siberia to Central Asia is very important to the history of civilization. It had a huge influence on the formation of an ancient civilization in the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, a variety of studies have been carried out in the field of folklore and anthropology as well as archeology. One of these studies is about the oral epic. The oral epic remains in the form of a unique transmission in Korea, but it wasn't that long ago when it was noted as the component of the Altai Humanities Belt. In that context, some epics from Central Asia, Mongolia, and Siberia were introduced to Korea. This preliminary investigation is conducted to introduce the oral epic Olonkho from Yakutia in Siberia to Korean academia. Although it was revealed recently, Olonkho is highly valued. The epic study has been buried from the Western point of view, but Olonkho is expected to provide a global perspective to the field of epic study. Above all, it contains a very significant clue to a new study because the content and the style of performance are considerably different from those of the West. Additionally, the original form is relatively well preserved. In particular, it explains how human thinking and behaviors have changed in the transition from the mythical age to the heroic age. This change appears in the ethnic history of Yakutia, as well as in the formation process for all Altai countries around the 10th century. Therefore, this preliminary investigation will be a foundation to facilitate the translation of the voluminous Olonkho into Korean, and to conduct full-fledged research on it. In particular, it can motivate a study on the differences and similarities in comparison to the tradition of oral epics between Central Asia and the Korean Peninsula. Furthermore, it will serve as a foundation for the formation of the Altai Humanities Belt.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.383-393
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to study on the elements of the Sinmyung and the expression recognition of body movement in Korean dance of college students majoring in musical. The participants were 12 male and female college students in musical major who experienced in dance, song and acting. The program was composed of the experience of the Sinmyung: recognition of sound and dance, breathing and movement in the Korean dance, 8 hours twice a week for four weeks. As a qualitative approach is the discovery of the center of the process, we carried out an inductive analysis of the area on the basis of observation, in-depth interview and student report. The core of this analysis is to attempt to analyze contents concentrating on the recognition exploration of the Sinmyung sentiment and the body expression through sound and breathing. In conclusion, for college students majoring in musical, the expression recognition of the experience of the Sinmyung and the movement in the Korean dance contributes to the improvement of creative thinking through body perception, and the practical use of the capacity of image expression through concentration of sound and breathing. Finally, the results of this research could articulate with the value of body expression and the creative factors of college students majoring in musical.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.793-812
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• 2018

This study, from a critical view on knowledge-centered science education, aims to explore the wisdom that can be acquired from science. In other words, to find the categories and examples of "Wisdom of Science(WOS)" that can be shared in science classroom is the purpose of this study. For the data collection, twelve hours of physics classes of three high schools were observed, together with teacher interviews and student interviews. Collected data were analyzed qualitatively based on the operational definition of WOS. In this study, WOS was defined in a limited sense to mean 'wise action such as behaviors, attitudes, methods, and thoughts that can be found in the process of formation and application of scientific knowledge'. The results of this study, i.e. three categories and six examples of WOS, can be summarized as follows. First category of WOS is 'wisdom as a scientific attitude'. The examples of this category are 'rational suspicion and open-minded attitude', and 'effort to find the best way in given situation'. Second category of WOS is 'wisdom as a method for problem solving'. The examples of this category are 'thinking with changing the conditions', and 'communication using the language of science'. Third category of WOS is 'wisdom as a reflection about science and human'. The examples of this category are 'understanding of the relationship between science and society', and 'perceiving the relationship between science and my life'. In conclusion, "Wisdom-oriented Science Education" as an alternative goal of future science education is suggested with its meanings and implications.